جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « gsi » در نشریات گروه « فنی و مهندسی »

Despite many improvement in the underground construction by mechanized ‎methods and the whole section, the drilling and blasting still plays an important ‎role in the construction of tunnels and mines. In addition to various advantages ‎such as flexibility and low capital cost, this method also has disadvantages, one of ‎which is the expansion of the blast damage zone around the underground ‎structure, which leads to increased joints and cracks in the surrounding ‎environment and consequently reduced resistance and increased permeability ‎also In some cases land subsidence occurs . Various factors affect the damage ‎zone. Various methods such as measurement, experimental and modeling ‎methods are available to investigate these factors. In this paper, numerical ‎modeling has been done for three different state of drilling a. In addition to a brief ‎mention of different factors affecting the damage zone, it is determined that the ‎maximum impact on the damage area is related to tensile strength and cohesion ‎of rock. In addition, the effect of rock geological strength index (GSI) has been ‎investigated as one of the important factors in recognizing rock mass and the ‎effect of reducing the damage area with increasing GSI has been observed.‎

Pollutants that leak and spread in the ground causing harm. They move with the ground waters and can be seen in wells farther than the original location of pollution. If mineral or chemical materials or bacteria disturb the water quality in this research, environmental hazards of natural and industrial pollutants of Mehriz area are studied and the pollutions caused by them affecting the ground water resources of the Yazd-Ardakan plain which encompass 80% of Yazd water resources have been examined.
In this research in order to choose wells for sampling, water well location maps, resulting from visiting and the location of pollutants were considered. In the studied area 10 wells were chosen for sampling and the sampling method used was casual sampling. According to the circumstances, characteristics of ground waters and level of solubility and the mobility of pollutants in ground waters were the chemical and biological parameters chosen for experiment and the prepared samples were tested with standard methods.
According to the results from geological and geomorphological studies of the area and the effects of it on the ground water quality we cannot relate the high level of some parameters or fluctuations in the studied area to natural pollutions. The concentration maps prepared based on the experiment results of the water sample of the studied area show that the level of COD and nitrate increase in the direction which the ground water flow. Appearance of toxic and heavy metals of lead in some samples show that pollution has entered from an unnatural source. High amounts of chromium (Cr) in some samples is a result of industrial or agricultural waste entering the water resources. By using the results of this research ecological and biological problems of this exquisite area can be solved and decisions can be made regarding the establishment of clean industries which produce no pollution. In this way economic development and environmental issues are both considered important.

Pollutants that leak and spread in the ground causing harm. They move with the ground waters and can be seen in wells farther than the original location of pollution. If mineral or chemical materials or bacteria disturb the water quality in this research, environmental hazards of natural and industrial pollutants of Mehriz area are studied and the pollutions caused by them affecting the ground water resources of the Yazd-Ardakan plain which encompass 80% of Yazd water resources have been examined.
In this research in order to choose wells for sampling, water well location maps, resulting from visiting and the location of pollutants were considered. In the studied area 10 wells were chosen for sampling and the sampling method used was casual sampling. According to the circumstances, characteristics of ground waters and level of solubility and the mobility of pollutants in ground waters were the chemical and biological parameters chosen for experiment and the prepared samples were tested with standard methods.
According to the results from geological and geomorphological studies of the area and the effects of it on the ground water quality we cannot relate the high level of some parameters or fluctuations in the studied area to natural pollutions. The concentration maps prepared based on the experiment results of the water sample of the studied area show that the level of COD and nitrate increase in the direction which the ground water flow. Appearance of toxic and heavy metals of lead in some samples show that pollution has entered from an unnatural source. High amounts of chromium (Cr) in some samples is a result of industrial or agricultural waste entering the water resources. By using the results of this research ecological and biological problems of this exquisite area can be solved and decisions can be made regarding the establishment of clean industries which produce no pollution. In this way economic development and environmental issues are both considered important.

Pumped storage reservoirs are one of the newest systems in saving electricity. According to importance of convey water for placed the turbine and knowing that, almost of instability of underground area is for ignorance in some engineering geology parameters, we have decided to investigate this parameters. In this research we have been studied the engineering geology parameters along tunnel, changing in some of these parameters are shown in Rockwork 2008. After all with the new classification called IRMR the engineering geology parameters of rock mass have been studied, compare the result with classic classification, RMR and GSI shown that the outlet and entrance of tunnel are under bad situation. At the next, studied of joint for recognized the wedge base on finite element method have been investigate. Eventually with emphasis on rock bursting, squeezing and geomechanic studied the admissible advancement step for two section of tunnel base on FLAC 3D have been carried out. Using such studied make safety in services and reduce the spent-time.

Jajarm alumina mine is located in the north of Kavir in southern structural zone of Kopeh-Dagh area and Eastern section of Albourz Mountain. Because of structural setting, distinct structural’s features and major discontinuities were formed. One of the most important structural features is the Kuh-e-Zoo anticline. The axial plane of the anticline, in most part, is trending east-west. The most important formations that crops out in the area are: Mobarak (Carboniferous), Elikah (Triassic), and Shemshak (Jurassic). The topography of the region is trending northeast-southwest that is coinciding with Eastern Alborz structural setting. In order to study the instability of the mine area, data regarding the discontinuities of the layers were collected. Regarding to rock mass classification, three common classifications such as RMR, Q and GSI has been used. Base on GSI classification, the geomechanical characterizations of rock mass are determined. Finally, based on this analysis, the main agent for instability of the region is evaluated.

This study was carried out from December 2007 to November 2008 in Karoon River in Khuzestan province. From the total number of 578 specimen 53, 58 were females and males respectively, and 125 specimen were immature (Barbus barbulus) besides 51,62 were males and females, and 229 were immature (Barbus pectoralis). Samples were caught by cast nets and fixed gill nets. Total length, age, sex, and maturity of these fishes were determined. Lenght range of B.pectoralis was 945-200 mm and their weight ranged was 11170-52gr. B.barbulus range was 885-230 in length and 8460-99 gr in weight. Spawning season of B.pectoralis is determined by using the GSI obtained ,and the analasys of information shows it is the February (Bahman) and for B.barbulus is in March (Esfand) in Shushtar staition. LM50 of male and female of B.barbulus is determined 45-50cm, 50-55 cm respectively. This was identified for B.pectoralis male and female 35-40 cm and 50-55 cm respectively. First maturity of male and female of B.pectoralis observed at 35-40 cm and 40-45 respectively. This was identified for B.barbulus male and female 30-35 cm, 40-45 cm respectively . Maturity age of male and female of B.pectoralis is determined 3+, 4- respectively. This was identified for male and female of B.barbulus 2+, 3- respectively. Sex ratio of B.pectoralis and B.barbulus is determined using chi square test,those are identified (male/female) as 1/1:1 and 1:1 respectively. Conclusively these species were separated form each other previously so they are independent now.