جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « mazandaran province » در نشریات گروه « فنی و مهندسی »

The emission of pollutants from power plants fueled by fossil resources has perennially contributed to climate pollution. Carbon dioxide emissions, particularly, have been catalysts for global warming and climate upheavals. Governments worldwide are diligently endeavoring to avert these climate shifts by means of multifaceted strategies and policies. To mitigate environmental degradation, the substitution of fossil fuel facilities with renewable energy sources emerges as a commendable solution. This article focuses on the West Mazandaran gas power plant, boasting a nominal capacity of 50 megawatts and an annual output of 0.1 terawatt hours in Mazandaran Province. Through a rigorous evaluation of three distinctive scenarios spanning two phases, namely 1403 and 1405, this facility is eliminated from the energy production cycle and is instead substituted by renewable sources. The energy systems employed in this study are meticulously modeled and analyzed by the ENERGY PLAN software, while the statistical data utilized in this article are derived from the energy balance sheet of Iran. The first scenario entails the replacement of 40 megawatts of wind power, the second scenario embraces the substitution of 31 megawatts of solar power, and the third scenario revolves around augmenting the operational hours of the Black Forest hydroelectric power plant, thereby facilitating the generation of 0.1 terawatt hours of electricity. The project demonstrates several positive outcomes, including a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions by 60,000 tons, the preservation of the thermal value equivalent to 50 GWh of petroleum products and 130 GWh of natural gas, and a surge in the share of renewable energy production from 12 percent to 14.5 percent. To achieve the noble objective of clean and sustainable energy, meticulous and principled short-term, medium-term, and long-term planning are imperative.

The road networks of Mazandaran province are one of the most important road transport routes in the country. Transportation systems are the backbone of Disaster management measures, and maintaining their dynamics and performance in times of disaster is of particular importance for the continuation of rescue and response activities. In spite of the significant role of these systems in times of disasters, these systems are very vulnerable to the occurrence of disasters, and with the occurrence of natural disasters, their performance is disrupted and rescue activities are affected by it. Considering the necessity and importance of road networks and their very important role in disaster management, in this research, the investigation of road networks in Mazandaran province has been done. This study has been carried out in an analytical-descriptive method. a total of 216 points have been collected in all road axes of the province, and studies of tunnels, technical buildings, and bridges have been carried out, and in the GIS software environment, analysis and processing and priority It is framed. Based on the results of this research, according to the investigations carried out in terms of the existence of an alternative way for the bridges of the province, 11 of the bridges of the province have an alternative point way (optimal condition), 13 of the bridges of the province have the possibility of constructing an alternative way with Reasonable cost and the number of 192 bridges in the province lack alternative ways and also the impossibility of constructing them.

Haraz road is one of the most important routes of transportation system in Mazandaran province. The geological features of this route are very diverse and are susceptible to a variety of hazards that are directly related to geological features. Considering these features is one of the most important studies in the construction, maintenance and repair of transportation systems. Studies on the road of Haraz have been conducted from different perspectives and emphasizing the natural hazards of the route. In most of them, a thorough study of the geological features of the route is less important, and is very brief and with an emphasis on a group of studies is done. in this study the geology of the route, with emphasis on the hazards affected, was carried out in two stages.In the first step, by mapping the route on geological maps in the GIS software environment, trajectory characteristics were described and in the second stage, field observations were carried out at specific geological points. Limestone, marl, sandstone, and shale and river sediments make up a large part of the outcrops on the margin of the road. In the conclusion of the studies, a point with low landslide risk, 23 points with a medium and 30 high risk points were identified. Using the available statistical data and data from field observations and processing them in the software environment, from the point of view of road hazards, 275 points of the route in six high risk areas were investigated.

The experience of some countries, including Japan, shows that opening the classroom and the whole educational process from design to evaluation to teachers and creating an educational group creates a cycle of gradual improvement of the educational process in the classroom and it brings positive effects. One of these methods that has emerged from the heart of the school and the classroom in the Japanese education system is lesson study. Lesson study is the most important factor in educational performance to develop the teaching profession. Curriculum research is a research circle in which teachers research curriculum topics in groups. In this advanced model, teachers and professionals work together. The assessment team (teachers) focus all their efforts on educating students in the classroom to grow and refine the subject matter. Through lesson study, the teacher communicates with the practice of research to base the practice of teaching on thought and action. Thoughtful and research-based practice actually introduces a set of skills and abilities that put a person in a critical position to solve problems and issues. This study aimed to explain principles governing desirable lesson study practice in mathematics in Mazandaran Province’s Educational Office.

The research method was qualitative and of phenomenological type. The statistical population of this study included all experts in lesson study. 16 participants were selected through Snowball sampling. The sample size was determined by theoretical saturation. The data collection instrument in this study was semi-structured interview and th validity of the data was assessed and verified by evaluating the participants. The data resulted from interviews were analyzed through categorization method.

Totally, 5 major categories were extracted from the interviews, including human aspect (creativity, responsibility and being open to criticism), structural aspect (technological equipment, supervision, programs, load of teacher work, ratio of the number of teacher to the student and applying results), cultural aspect (teamwork, school culture, belief and commitment to impact of lesson study, family cooperation, Researchers' spirit of teacher and principlas, teacher cooperation place of competition), managerial aspect (support, scoring process, authorities’ support, provision of budget, support of other school factors and time) and pedagogical aspect (exchange  of useful educational experiences, workshops, new teaching styles, provincial team of lesson study, educational content, conversion of quantitative evaluation to descriptive and educational design).

This study was conducted with the aim of explaining the principles governing the optimal implementation of mathematics studies in primary schools of education in Mazandaran province. The categories extracted from the interviews include the human aspect, the structural aspect, the cultural aspect, the managerial aspect and the teaching-learning aspect. The human aspect includes the variables of creativity, responsibility and criticism. The structural aspect includes the variables of technological equipment, supervision, programs, teacher workload, teacher to student ratio and application of results. The cultural aspects include the variables of teamwork, school culture, belief and commitment to the impact of study, family cooperation, research spirit of teachers and principals, teacher cooperation instead of competition. The managerial aspect includes support, scoring process, official support, funding, support of other school and time executives. The teaching-learning aspect includes variables of conversion of useful educational experiences, workshops, new teaching styles, provincial study team, educational content, conversion of quantitative evaluation into descriptive and educational desig.

The extent to which the goals are achieved through the measurement of performance as well as the efficiency and effectiveness of each organization are the principles of organization's dynamism. Therefore, current research has focused on the prioritization of public indicators of performance evaluation of Mazandaran province's employee through the fuzzy hierarchy analysis process. Since the evaluation of criteria is essentially subjective and qualitative, it is difficult for experts and decision-makers to express their judgments and preferences in terms of exact numerical values. Hence, the fuzzy hierarchical process analysis process, based on the concept of fuzzy theory, is used in this research. In this method, paired comparisons are performed based on linguistic words and fuzzy numbers. Accordingly,, the fuzzy pair comparisons were designed and sub-indices and were distributed to completion between experts. Then, using the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process and Expert Choice software, the fuzzy weights of each of the indices and sub-indices were determined and compared using one of the effective methods for ranking fuzzy quantities. The results show that among the general indicators of employee performance evaluation, the index of initiative and creativity was the first priority

In this study, Mazandaran province's coasts have been classified by using Relative Tide Range, and hydrodynamic models. For this, investigations of waves hydrodynamics, measurement of bed morphology's profiles and sediment characteristics along surfzone, and analyzing of hydrographic maps at 7 stations in east (Neka, Larim and Babolsar), middle (Mahmudabad and Kohnesara) and west parts (Nushahr and Nashtarud) of Mazandaran province have been done. results show that Mazandaran coasts are wave dominate that, by wave energy decreasing and wave period and sediment diameter increasing from east to west of Mazandaran, beach states have been changed from Dissipative to Intermediate and Reflective states, respectively. Seasonal investigations of wind power and morphodynamical structures show that variations in bed morphology and wave dynamics do not cause beach state's changes, seasonally.

The Caspian Sea shoreline especially Mazandaran coastal area is very important area because of its economic، environmental، and fishery parameters as its high length is always exposed to the negative effects of oil spill. So، determination of its sensitive coastal areas due to oil spills، presentation of some approaches to develop the models، localization the methods and determination of sensitive coastal criteria to oil spills is much necessary. For creating this model، after recognizing the hazard line and creating the objective layers، the processed layers are weighted using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and Fuzzy AHP methods، then according the fuzzy model the layers are combined by using geographic information system (GIS) software and the final sensitivity maps are produced. The fuzzy results show that the most area of Mazandaran province has a high sensitivity during the oil spills.

Rainfall induced landslides result in economical losses and casualties all over the world anualy. The main triggering factor of shallow landslides and debris flows in the rainy Province of Mazandaran (northern Iran) is the rainfall events. This study investigates the landslides triggered by rainfall throughout the watersheds of Tajan and Nekarud rivers. Twenty three recorded rain events occurred during the October 2012 to March 2013 in the eastern Mazandaran. Out of the 23 rainfall events during this 6-month period, 15 short to middle rainfall resulted in slope failures. Intensity-duration (I-D) of the rainfall events which induced landslides and debris flows were plotted in logarithmic scale. The threshold of I-D was determined for those rainfall events that induced landslides. This threshold is acquired by statistical analysis of quantile regression via plotting fifth percentile regression line to the lower bound of data of rainfall events that inducing landslides. The 5th percentile equation of the regression line is defined as I=0.51×D-0.60, where I is the intensity (mm/h) and D is the duration (h). Comparing this threshold with the global thresholds obtained through other researches indicates a lower local threshold in this area. The results shows that the rainfall events with shorter duration and higher intensity caused more landslides compare to those with longer duration and thus lower intensity. This might be due to the high drainage potential of the soil mass, and the highly fractured bedrock of marl and marly limestone.

One of the methods for estimation of flood quantiles in ungauged watersheds or watersheds with short data records is using the regional frequency analysis method. In regional studies, the clustering methods are used to achieve homogeneous regions. Self-Organization Feature Map (SOFM) is recently used in several researches for clustering the watersheds. However the interpretation of the SOFMs output units is one of the SOFMs problems. Consequently, the trained SOFM units are used as input to the other clustering algorithms. In this study, SOFM method is used to form a two- dimension feature map, and then output nodes are fed to fuzzy c-mean clustering to form the required regions for flood frequency analysis. The optimum number of the clusters is determined by Xie-Beni and Kwon indices. The results showed that this approach has a good performance to determine homogeneous regions in Mazandaran province, northern Iran.

The present study aims to investigate the feasibility of using email in student formative evaluation in west of Mazandaran province. The purpose of this research was applied and the method was descriptive survey. The statistical sample included 400 university professors in West of Mazandaran province. The sample size has been 162 based on Morgan table. Stratified random sampling method was used. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with 27 questions on a Likert scale. Cronbach alpha was calculated 0. 778. Both descriptive and inferential statistics methods، together with SPSS software، were used for data analysis. One sample t test was used at inferential level. Findings showed that the professors in west of Mazandaran province are desirably familiar with email. From their perspective، the use of email is possible and effective in formative evaluation. They also believe that all email supplies (band width، high speed internet، honesty، cultural context، students'' attitudes changing، and professors'' attitudes changing) are highly necessary in formative evaluation. Besides، factors like: ''to be time consuming، the possibility of fraud، causing trouble for professors، the seriousness of barriers، lack of information literacy، lack of standards and administrative barriers''; are serious barriers to formative evaluation.

In this study, the different methods for groundwater vulnerability assessment to pesticides contamination and their uncertainties were introduced. Then, the groundwater vulnerability of agricultural regions of Pasha-Kolaa dam (Mazandaran province) to 7 pesticides has been assessed by the mobility potential indices in the typical conditions of pesticide properties (t1/2 and KOC) and the zonation maps of groundwater vulnerability in this region have been generated in the GIS environment. According to the uncertainty of the pesticide properties and the lack of necessary data for uncertainty analysis in the region of study, the mobility potential indices in different scenarios of pesticide properties (worst and best conditions of pesticide properties) (t1/2 and KOC) have been calculated, mapped and zoned. The zonation maps in three scenarios (best, typical and worst conditions of pesticide properties) were compared. Next, according to the regional values of mobility potential indices, generated for different scenarios, the pesticides are ranked using the composite programming method. Finally, the pesticides are clustered to three groups (suitable, transitional and unsuitable) by the combination of the results of previous sections. The clustering results showed that among of studied pesticides, 2,4 D Acid, Dimethoate and Fenvalerate are suitable, and Metsulfuron and Triclopyr are unsuitable pesticides for region of study. The other pesticides showed transitional condition.

In this study from august 2008 to august 2009 through 12 sampling 298 Squalius cephalus were caught from mazandaran talar river. 123 of them were male, 115 of them female and sex of 60 specimen could not detect. In this research 26 morphometric attribute and 8 meristic attribute were examined. According to the obtained results average coefficient of variation in the morphometric and meristic speciality in male Squalius cephalus respectively were 28/24 and  96/6 and in female 97/35 and  66/7 also in 26 morphometric attribute and 8 meristic attribute in the male and female Squalius cephalus none significant (P>05/0). Also according to the obtained results by aid of analysis method to main factors (PCA) two groups have relatively good overlap. There is a strong correlation among the length and weight of male(r2=981/0) and female (r2=983/0)  gender of Squalius cephalus in mazandaran talar  river.