جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "prioritize" در نشریات گروه "عمران"

In the reliability method, design is done based on the level of reliability proposed in the regulations. ‎Design is done according to the current condition of the pavement and the amount of repair in ‎subsequent periods doesn't attention to these methods. A method for repairing the pavement is ‎proposed in this study, which in addition to the current situation, consequences of its failure and ‎reconstruction attention. Risk analysis methods were used due to consider these consequences and the ‎costs of the next period of repair in the future were estimated according to the amount of current ‎pavement repair and the inflation rate. The total cost of pavement repair is equal to the sum of current ‎and future costs. The amount of repair at the lowest total cost is obtained by optimizing, which is equal ‎to the amount of optimal pavement repair. To compare the two methods, traffic data and pavement ‎condition of the Qom-Salafchegan route were collected and the most appropriate probability ‎distribution of variables was determined by the Anderson‏-‏Darling test. The pavement was designed ‎with a higher level of reliability in the proposed method according to the results. Also, the total cost of ‎pavement repair in the proposed method is less than the reliability method, thus it is more economical ‎and decreases costs. Then, pavement sections were prioritized using risk analysis methods and ‎considering variability in variables. The present study prioritizes the pavement section according to the ‎amount of reduction in the probability of failure and the risk of the whole route per toman spent on ‎repair. The results of this method allow decision-makers to predict current and future costs of repairs ‎and to plan more accurately for the maintenance and repair budget. ‎

Urban trains, as one of the most important public vehicles in cities, are related to traffic and environmental issues. To improve the efficiency of these systems, it is necessary to examine and prioritize the factors affecting their efficiency. This article tries to identify and prioritize the important factors affecting the efficiency of urban trains. In this article, the factors affecting the efficiency of urban trains are first examined, which include important aspects such as time interval, time wastage, safety, energy consumption, number of trains, management and planning, and passenger satisfaction; Then, by using case studies and data analysis collected from Tehran, the factors that have the greatest impact on efficiency are prioritized. The results show that in different conditions, different factors can have priority. In the end, recommendations for improving the efficiency of urban trains are presented, which can be effective as practical solutions for urban officials, public transport managers, and policymakers to improve the performance of urban train systems.

Increasing use of personal vehicles and insufficient attention to the public transportation system has led to the formation and occurrence of traffic and environmental disorders in the city, however, cycling has not found its place in the transportation structure. The purpose of this study is to investigate the problems and obstacles of cycling in Qazvin and the research method in this study is analytical-descriptive One of the effective factors to encourage citizens to use bicycles is to find cycling problems in the city and prioritize in solving them. According to all the surveys, including questionnaires, existing standards were analyzed using the TOPSIS method of obstacles and cycling problems in Qazvin. 42% and 24% of cyclists mentioned the reason for the unsuitability of bicycle routes as the existence of a car park and obstacles on these routes, and the most important problem for cyclists in Qazvin is the lack of sufficient safety for traffic in Qazvin. According to the results, 37% of cyclists have had an accident at least once during their trip, of which 25% are injuries

Allocating budget to enhance highways safety is one of most important factors for reducing the amount of traffic crashes in several countries. Since the financial always isnt enough, reaching equilibrium between existing budget and problem is essential. Since traffic tools are the most important factors in reducing traffic crashes, in this research a model is presented for determining the best safety traffic tools which has profound influential on traffic accident. In this research firstly cost of different kind of crash like fetal, injury, and property damage only accident evaluated. For this purpose several factors such as cost of curing injured people or cost which is impacted from dying or disability of people to the society are considered. Beside that for choosing the best safety improvement method for variety rural highway section linear programming implemented in cost-benefit analysis. This method is one of the efficient, one criterion decision method in increasing beneficial in economic project. In this model besides considering cost of accident as fundamental factor of decision, the restriction of budget and problem in different section of the road are considered. One of the most characterizations of this model is considering more than one safety activity simultaneously. Finally, as a case study and for the sake of research validation, 91 km of Urmia-Salmas road, in west Azerbaijan province, was modeled. The outcome of this case study was proved to be satisfactory in terms of a set of best safety tools measures. The result is indicated that using some of economic safety improvement activity such as utilizing rumble strip or utilizing and improving horizontal and vertical signs have great influence on reducing traffic crash in variety sections of road. However, if suggested safety improvement activities are expensive for some of the sections, it is possible none of suggested idea accept for this section because of budget restriction.