جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "grain oil" در نشریات گروه "کشاورزی"

In order to investigate the effect of soil amendments, zeolite and superabsorbent polymer, on the quantity and quality of sesame yield under drought stress, a factorial experiment was performed in randomized complete block design with three replications, at Research Field of College of Agriculture, University of Birjand, in 2017-2018. Treatments included irrigation at two levels of 50% and 100% water requirement and amendment materials at 6 levels of Z0, Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5. (Z0= Control, Z1=adsorbent polymer (125 kg / ha), Z2 = 11.2 ton/ hect of zeolite and Z3 =6.2 ton/hect of zeolite, Z4= zeolite 11.2 ton / hect of zeolite + 125 kg / hect of adsorbent polymer, Z5 =6.2 ton/ hect of zeolite + 125 kg /hect/ of adsorbent polymer) In this study, 1000-grain weight, percentage of crude grain oil, crude protein of grain, plant height, grain yield, harvest index, and water use efficiency were investigated. The results showed that 1000-grain weight, oil percentage, grain protein, plant height, and sesame grain yield were affected by different levels of irrigation and amendments at 1% probability level. Also, harvest index and water use efficiency were affected by different levels of amendments at 1% probability level. Oil percentage, grain yield and harvest index were affected by interaction effects of irrigation levels and amendments at 1% probability level. The highest grain weight, percentage of crude grain oil, crude protein of grain, plant height, grain yield, harvest index, and water use efficiency were observed in Z4 treatment. The results showed that the change in irrigation level from 100% to 50% significantly reduced yield. The highest amount of 1000-grain weight in different levels of amendments was 4.12 g in Z4 and the lowest was 2.89 g. in Z0 treatments Also, the highest amount of crude grain oil in irrigation and different levels of amendments was 56.8% and 40.5%, respectively. The highest and the lowest amount of crude protein in response to different levels of amendments were 15.7% and 13.1%, respectively. The results showed that drought stress had a negative effect on plant growth, but the use of zeolite and superabsorbent polymer partially offset this effect.

This research was carried out to investigate the effect of spraying of Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sesame (Naz cultivar) under drought stress conditions. This experiment was conducted as split plot factorial in two years as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included two different irrigation regimes (every 15 days) and drought stress (every 25 days), three levels of Origanum vulgare include 0, 40 and 60% and 3 levels of Zatria mutifora include 0, 10 and 20%. Results indicated that drought stress significantly reduced the measured indices compared to control conditions. The results also showed that water stress reduced oil content and increased protein content and activity of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase enzymes. It was found that the most measured indices in both control and stress conditions were associated with 60% Origanum vulgare 20% Zatria mutifora essence. The use of Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence, under suitable irrigation conditions, increased the seed yield of 27.5% compared to control, whereas it increased 58% under stress conditions. Therefore, it can be stated that under dry conditions, the use of Origanum vulgare Zatria mutifora essence can induce tolerance in the plant in response to drought conditions. Since less cost is needed compared to other methods, therefore, in areas with low water conditions, it is recommended to use the Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence.

In order to study the effects of planting date and chemical and biological fertilizers on grain yield of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), an experiment as split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at the research farm of Bu-Ali Sina university. Three planting date including at 22 May, 31 May and 10 June as main plot and four leveles of fertilizer included (50% nitrogen chemical fertilizer + nitrogen biofertilizer + complete phosphorus chemical fertilizer), (50% phosphorus chemical fertilizer + phosphorus biofertilizer + complete nitrogen chemical fertilizer), (50% nitrogen and 50% phosphorus chemical fertilizers + nitrogen and phosphorus biofertilizers), (100% nitrogen and phosphorus chemical fertilizers) as sub plot were used. Results indicated that the effect of planting date and biofertilizer and interaction effects between planting date and biofertilizers were significant for number of seed per plant, economic yield, biological yield, oil and protein content of grain traits at 1% levels. In the first planting date, application of 100 % chemical fertilizer and simultaneous use of nitrogen+ phosphorus chemical with biofertilizer had a grain protein yield equal 268.43, 236.10 kg/h, respectively. The lowest content of grain oil and grain protein was obtained in the third planting date. Therefore, 22 May planting date and use of combine biological and chemical fertilizers for planting peanuts is recommended in Hamadan condition.

In order to study the yield of different cultivars of safflower in different plant densities, the present factorial experiment in randomized complete blocks design with three replications was carried out at research farm of Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University in 2016-17 cropping year. The experiment factors included four cultivars (Goldasht, Sofeh, Isfahan and Faraman) and four levels of plant densities (20, 30, 40 and 50 plant per square meter). The results of the experiment showed that plant increasing per unit area significantly decreased number of heads per plant, number of seeds per head, grain yield and oil yield per unit area in all cultivars. Density had not significant effect on one thousand seed weight. Goldasht and Faraman cultivars had the maximum one thousand seed weight than two other cultivars. The highest grain and oil yields were obtained at an average of 2253 and 680 kilogram per hectare, respectively, at a density of 30 plants per square meter and from Sofeh cultivar. However, in this density, grain yield with density of 40 plants did not show any significant difference. Increasing density, number of heads per plant and number of seeds per head, respectively 37 and 22 percent and grain and oil yields decreased by 14 and 30 percent, respectively. Generally, the results showed that the number of heads per plant and the number of seeds per head were the most important components of grain and oil yields. According to the obtained results, Sofa and Isfahan cultivars with a density of 30 plants per square meter can be recommended for safflower cultivation in Khuzestan.

In order to evaluate the effects of biofertilizers and nitrogen application on oil, yield and its components in spring rapeseed Var "Hayola 401", a field experiment was carried out by a split plot design based on a randomized complete block design with 4 replications, in Agricultural Research Station ( Dr. Nakhjavani) of Urumia during 2007- 2008. The main plot included of three levels of nitrogen (0, 75 and 150 kg N ha-1 from urea source) and sub plot included four levels of biofertilizers (seed inoculation with azotobacter, seed inoculation with azosprillum, seed inoculaton with azotobacter and azosprillum and seed without inoculation as control). The analyses of variances showed that the effect of nitrogen, seed inoculation with bacteria and interaction between them on seed yield, harvest index, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, and oil yield were significantly different at 1% probability level. Fertilizer combination of seed inoculation with azotobacter and azosprillum and nitrogen (150 kg/ha) showed the highest seed and oil yield (3142 and 1334 kg/ha, respectively). Using 150 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer integrated with seed inoculation (azotobacter and azosprillum) increased seed and oil yield by 170.5% and 151.0%, respectively, compared to the control. According to the results, the application of Azotobacter and Azospirillum with nitrogen fertilizer can be effective in increasing grain and oil yield in rapeseed.

In order to the effects of elements zinc, boron and sulfur on quantitative and qualitative agronomic characteristics of rapeseed var. Hyola 401, an experiment was conducted in Rice Research Institution of Iran, Rasht province in 2010. A field experiment with completely randomized block design was performed with eight treatments in three replicates. Treatment consisted of control, Zn, B, S, Zn+S, Zn+B, B+S, and S+B+Zn. Sulfur treatment was added at the rate of 100 kg ha-1 before sowing; Boron was added as Borax (Na2B4O7, 10H2O) at the rate of 1.5 kg ha−1, and zinc was added as Zn 15% EDTA at the rate of 1.5 kg ha−1 to the soil. Analysis of variance showed that the effects of treatments on siliques total number at plant, grain number at siliques thousand-seed weight and seed yield were significant (P<0.01). Minimum grain oil and seed yield were obtained from control treatments and the highest seed yields were obtained from S+B+Zn treatments. The maximum oleic acid (229.6 mg g-1) and linolenic acid (27.14 mg g-1) were obtained from B+Zn+S treatment. Maximum of linoleic acid (55.55 mg g-1) were obtained from B+Zn treatment. Maximum stearic and palmitic acid was obtained from B+Zn and S+Zn treatments which were 6.527 and 15.47 mg g-1, respectively. The highest erucic acid content was (0.878 mg g-1) at control treatment. Based on the results, application of B, S and Zn fertilizers with NPK fertilizer can help increase the yield and yield components in rapeseed.

In order to evaluate the waterlogging stress effects on yield and yield components of rapeseed، a pot experiment was conducted at Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources during 2010-2011. The experiment design was completely randomized with factorial arrangement and three replications. Examined factors were developmental stage (seedling، stem elongation، flowering and grain filling) and duration of waterlogging stress (0، 3، 6 and 9 days). An exponential decay and linear models were fitted to quantify waterlogging stress on yield and yield components. Maximum slope of grain number reduction were recorded at the seedling stages (-1. 45 per day) while the lowest slope belonged to the number of seeds per pod in the grain filling stage (-0. 94 per days). Maximum slope of grain yield reduction (-1. 73 per day) observed in the flowering stage while the lowest was recorded at stem elongation (-0. 6 per day). Control plants had the highest yield (5. 1 g per plant) while imposing 9 days waterlogging either flowering or grain filling stages (0. 18 and 1. 4 g per plant، respectively) decreased the seed yield. Most proteins levels were in grain filling stages and 3 days of waterlogging (28. 7%) and lowest was in the flowering stage and 6 days of waterlogging (17. 7%). Also oil percentage ranged between 47. 5% in stem elongation and 6 days of waterlogging to 32. 1% at flowering stage and 6 days of waterlogging. Allayet analysis of data indicated that high direct and indirect effect of biologic yield was in plant yield in waterlogging stress.

In order to investigate the effects of boron، zinc and sulfur on yield and fatty acid composition of rapeseed (Hyola 401 cultivar)، an experiment was conducted in Rasht province in 2011. A field experiment with completely randomized block design was performed with eight treatments in three replications. Maximum grain yield (4157. 6 kg ha-1) and grain oil (1770. 2 kg ha-1) was obtained from S+B+Zn treatments. The highest and lowest grain oil was obtained from S+B+Zn (42. 58) and control (38. 37)، respectively. The maximum oleic acid (234. 8 mg g-1) and linolenic acid (26. 68 mg g-1) and linoleic acid (55. 98 mg g-1) were obtained from B+Zn+S treatments. Maximum stearic and palmitic acid were obtained from control and S+Zn treatments which was 6. 5 and 15. 53 mg g-1، respectively. Regarding to the results، fatty acids composition of rapeseed are influenced by nutrient and since quality of edible oils depends on unsaturated fatty acids، especially linoleic and linolenic acids and these acids are essential fatty acids for the human body that must be supplied through diet. Therefor this research showed that we are not only able to increase oil yield with can also increase oil quality with increasing fatty acid composition.

In order to investigate the effect of different levels of nitrogen and boron fertilizers on canola grain protein, oil and yield, in Ahwaz region, an experiment was conducted in 2005-2006 cropping season in Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University. The experimental design was a randomized complete blocks with three N rates (150, 200 and 250 kg/ha) and four B rates (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 kg/ha). All treatments were replicated four times. Result showed that with increasing nitrogen rates, grain and oil yield significantly increased. Application of boron also significantly influenced grain yield. Nitrogen × boron, on grain and oil yield was not significant. However, highest grain and oil yield was obtained from 250 and 10 Kg/ha N and B, treatment. With comparison of treatments it was observed that 200 Kg N/ha with 10 Kg B/ha produced grain and oil yield higher than 250 Kg N/ha without Boron. Grain protein and oil contents with increasing of nitrogen levels were significantly increased and decreased, respectively. But boron application had no effect on grain protein and oil contents. Results also showed that relationship between grain yield and grain oil and protein contents can be showed with a logarithmic equation. These relationships was significantly affected by nitrogen levels. With increasing of nitrogen rates, reduction of grain oil and protein contents, were slower in higher levels of grain yield. Although, effect of boron were small on this traits, but grain oil and protein contents in higher levels of grain yield was less than lower yields.