جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « foreign direct investment » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد کشاورزی »

The uncertainty in economic growth theory and multiple alternative measures to affecting components on economic growth and lack of specification of the most appropriate to investigate the variables affecting economic growth has led to introducing new regression models to identify more accurate factors affecting on economic growth that focused by economic researchers. Therefore, Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors affecting economic growth and type of spatial communications of 21 selected developed countries during 2005-2013 using panel Tobit and spatial panel Tobit models is taken. The evaluation among used models in this study showed that the spatial panel Tobit with spatial error gave favorable results. Results showed that population, research and development expenditure, foreign direct investment and life expectancy has significant positive effect and trade liberalization has an insignificant positive effect on economic growth. It is suggested in future studies about countries with adjacent location, spatial models used besides the competitive models to achieve better results.

Regarding the importance of environmental issues, identification of the factors affecting environmental pollution has been considered more than ever. The present study examines the effects of electricity consumption, financial development, foreign direct investment and economic growth on carbon emissions in Iran over the years 1970-2016.

For this purpose, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag method was used. To verify the Stationary, Augmented Dickey Fuller, Zivot – Andrews and Lee, Strazicich tests were used. Also, to investigate co-integration, Gregory-Hansen test were used.

The results of the ARDL model estimation with presence of Structural Break show, electricity consumption and economic growth has a positive effect on carbon emissions. And with a one percent increase, carbon emissions increased by 0.58% and 0.05%, respectively. The relationship between financial development and carbon emissions is negative, with a one-percent increase in financial development, carbon emissions will fall by 0.09 percent. The relation between foreign direct investment and carbon emissions is positive, which shows that the Pollution haven hypothesis has been approved in Iran and with a one percent increase in foreign direct investment, carbon emissions will increase by 0.01 percent.

Based on the results, and given that Iran is considered as a renewable resource, except for the rich countries, it is essential that, with a streamlined plan, both the release of budget and GDP from the trap of oil revenues, towards the replacement of renewables In order to maintain energy resources, environmental pollution will also decrease. It is also imperative that the government and legislators in Iran seek to raise funds for the reconstruction of the country's manufacturing sector, especially the industry and the use of environmentally friendly technologies.

Foreign direct investment (FDI) and human capital are important factors that can affect economic growth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of direct foreign investment and human capital, and especially the interaction of both, on economic growth of the agricultural sector in emerging Asian developing countries in 2000-2018. The model used for unstable economics (developing countries) is designed to fit the present research. In this model, the effects of population and technology growth rate, physical capital, human capital, foreign direct investment and interaction of foreign direct investment and human capital on economic growth of the agricultural sector has been studied. The results showed that human capital alone did not affect the economic growth of the agricultural sector and foreign direct investment alone had a negative effect on economic growth of the agricultural sector. Also if human capital in combined with foreign direct investment, its impact on the growth of the agricultural sector in positive.

Due to the importance of agricultural processing industries as one the engine of agricultural development in particular, economic and industrial development in general, it is important to identify sources of agricultural processing industries growth from policy planning view. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is one of the things that, must study its impact on agricultural processing industries properly. To address this problem, the holistic approach (system thinking) used to study the impact of existence of infrastructure on investment growth, in this article. System Dynamics (SD) method used in this article as a tool for the implementation of system thinking approach to use its capabilities in complex systems modeling and for achieving suitable results from simulation model. The population under study is Fars province's agricultural processing industries. Period of study is 1360-1410. Vensim software used for modeling and simulating in this article. The results from the simulation of designed model showed, there is direct and interactive relationship between FDI and amount of investment in the agricultural processing industries. Although the delay affects this relationship.

The growth of agricultural production and natural resources are from primary objectives of any political system, because this section has a vital role in providing food security. According to the production theories, production growth will come from two sources; more use of production factors within the framework of existing technologies and second, with using more advanced and more efficient production methods and effective use of production factors. In fact, the second one is tied to the concept of productivity. New and efficient technologies are the most important factor for productivity growth. Technology was enhanced through internal and external sources. External sources include spillover technology from developed countries into another country. Empirical evidence on the impact of spillover technology on productivity growth of indigenous producer is vague. One perspective proposes that FDI, technology transferred from developed countries has positive effects on developing countries and another perspective is against it. This paper explores the role of technological spillover on total factor productivity (TFP) growth in agricultural sectors of Iran uses time series data during 1971-2011.
In this study, Kendrick model was used to calculate total factor productivity. After calculating productivity, affective factors on it, were examined through ARDL model. The aim of this study is examination of technology spillover on the productivity of agricultural sectors. The degree of technology diffusion grows with increase in technology distance between the hosts and the foreign countries. The greater the technology distance, the more difficult it becomes for developing countries to boost independent innovation. To calculate the index of technology spillover, commercial partners should be considered that are more advanced in science and technology than Iran. For this purpose, commercial partners in this study are Group of Eight developed countries (D8) plus China. Technology spillover indexes are thus decomposed into two components: Imports of capital goods and foreign direct investment (FDI). Index of capital goods imports measures imports of capital goods from major commercial partners of Iran (D8 countries and china). Foreign direct investment (FDI) represents the share of foreign capital in agricultural sectors. Therefore, the empirical analysis of the technology spillover on the productivity of agricultural sectors is based on theatrical framework and ARDL model.
According to the results of the ARDL model, technological spillover effect on the TFP of agricultural sector, in long-term shows that technology spillover has a positive and significant effect on agricultural productivity from both channels of capital goods import and foreign direct investment (FDI). But in short-term spillover variable from a capital goods import channel is not significant. This indicates that absorption of the technology from imports of capital goods channel do not perform very well and probably low-tech and without affecting on TFP of agriculture sector is imported. But in long-term technology spillover from imports channels also had a positive impact on total factor productivity of the agricultural sector. In fact, high technologies in long-term can be absorbed through the imports and influenced on TFP. According to thesis study results, the estimated coefficient of error correction term is equal to 0.53.This means that in each period, 53 percent of imbalances of agricultural TFP will be resolved. The average speed of upward of adjustment reflects the fact that in Iran economy, deviations and imbalances have arisen in the agricultural sector TFP caused by technology spillovers shocks, move very fast towards long-run equilibrium.
The purpose of this paper is to advance the knowledge for a key question with evident implications for economic policy: What is the importance of international technology spillover transmitted through trade and FDI for the TFP growth in the agricultural sector of Iran? For this purpose, we have set out from the modeling initially based on a theoretical framework, which is modified by introducing two fundamental channels. Thus, we have included the capital goods imports and foreign direct investment as factors capable of influencing TFP, both directly and indirectly: improving the capacity of absorption of foreign technology. In fact, we have included an explicit measure of international technology spillover which combines the technological capacity of the rest of the country and the weight of the imports that are made from each one of them. The different specifications of the model are estimated using the ARDL method and the period is that from 1971 to 2011. The results achieved reveal, first, the existence of international technology spillover which have had a favorable impact on the TFP growth of the agricultural sector of Iran. Secondly, the paper also provides additional evidence that supports the role of imports and FDI as a channel of transmission of such spillover. This result therefore provided new evidence to the positive influence of FDI on productivity, suggesting, that the higher the technological capacity of the trading partners, the greater this influence will be. In addition, we obtained a very high relationship between FDI shares and the effect of technology spillovers on agricultural productivity.