جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « لاین » در نشریات گروه « بیوتکنولوژی و ژنتیک گیاهی »

This research was carried out to estimate the genetic variance components for sunflower fatty acids in two separate optimum and drought stressed conditions in Karaj during 2020 and 2021 growing seasons. The plant materials consisted of 12 hybrids derived from crossing of four restorer lines by three cytoplasmic male sterile lines (Testers) that were evaluated in two separate experiments as randomized complete block design with three replications. Drought stress made a reduction in oil yield (34 percent), oil content (six percent), stearic acid (4.7 percent) and oleic acid (10.6 percent) and an increase in palmitic acid (12 percent) and linoleic acid (2.8 percent). Line × tester interaction effect had a major role in explanation of the variance of the hybrids in terms of fatty acid content in both conditions, indicating the critical role of non-additive effects in genetic control of these traits. Under optimum irrigation, oil yield, oil content and stearic acid content were under control of both additive and dominant gene action and palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids were under control of dominant gene action. Under drought stress, except oil content which was under control of additive effects, all the other traits were under control of dominant gene action. According to the results of this study, fatty acid composition of sunflower was under control of non-additive genetic effects and the crossing-based methods and hybrid breeding could be used for improvement of sunflower in terms of fatty acid composition.

Bean root rot caused by soil pathogenic fungus, F.solani f.sp. phaseoli, is considered as one of the most important diseases of bean in the world and in Iran. At the moment use of resistant cultivars is the most effective method of control. For this reason, the response of five cultivars and 14 lines of white beans were evaluated to Fusarium root rot. Firstly, a morphological evaluation of disease symptoms and then real time PCR quantification were performed. Based on the results of morphological evaluation the KBC43106 line and cultivar Dorsa, were found to be sensitive and tolerant, respectively. For quantitative assessment and growth trend of the pathogen in sensitive and tolerant genotypes, the bean seedlings were inoculated by 107 suspension of relevant pathogen with root dip method, then DNA was extracted from root of inoculated and control seedlings at regular sampling intervals. The gradual increase in the amount of fungal DNA of roots was quantified by Real time PCR technique and utilizing of SYBR Green system with specific primers for elongation factor 1-α gene. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the amount of pathogen DNA in the roots of susceptible and tolerant plants, so Real time PCR technique is suitable for resistance screening of bean genotypes against Fusarium root rot.

Production of haploid plants was studied in summer squash via induction of parthenogenic embryos. Female flowers were pollinated with anthers irradiated by different doses of gamma ray (25، 50، 75، 100 and 200 Gray) and induced embryos were rescued and cultured in specific medium. The results achieved showed that the highest number of embryos was obtained in 50 and 75 Gray doses (82%)، however، no embryo was produced at 200 Gray. Gamma ray doses and embryo stage had significant effect on frequency of embryo and plant regeneration. Highest embryo regeneration and haploid formation (27 plant regeneration and 11 haploids formation، respectively) were recorded at 50 Gray. All amorphous embryos produced only diploid plant، though 29. 17، 33. 33، 57. 14، 66. 67، 100 and 100 percent of plants derived from cotyledon، heart، torpedo، arrow-tip، torpedo-tip and globular embryos respectively، were haploid. Based on this study، out of the 7744 extracted seeds، 127 embryos and 44 plants were regenerated; among those 17 plants were identified as haploid plants using chloroplast counting، Flow-Cytometry technique and morphologic traits evaluations.

8TIn order to8T 8Tselect8T 8Thigh yielding8T 8Tand8T 8Tadapted8T 8Twheat8T 8Tlines for rainfed condition, 165 inbred lines of wheat with four controls were examined in a 13 × 138T 8Tsquare lattice8T 8Tdesign8T 8Twith8T 8Ttwo8T 8Treplications in the Agricultural Research Station of Zanjan University during 2010-2011. Number of effective tillers, 8Tplant height, spike length, 8Tawn length8T, 8Tnumber8T 8Tof grains per spike8T, 8Tseed number8T 8Tper plant8T, 1000 grain weight,8T grain yield,8T 8Tbiomass8T and 8Tharvest index8T 8Twere evaluated.8T 8TThe studied lines8T14T 8T14Tshowed significant differences and cluster analysis8T 8Tby8T 8TWard method categorized 1698T 8Tlines8T 8Tinto8T 8Tthree8T 8Tdistinct8T 8Tgroups. The results of8T principal component analysis 8Tand8T 8Tbiplot were relatively8T 8Tconsistent with8T 8Tgrouping8T 8Tof8T 8Tcluster analysis. According to the8T 8Tresults8T 8Tof8T 8Tgrouping8T 8Tand importance of traits in8T 8Tdrought resistance8T 8Tand8T 8Tyield8T 8Tunder8T 8Tstress conditions, third group lines were recognized as8T 8Tthe best8T 8Tlines8T 8Twith higher plant height and8T 8Tfavorable8T 8Tyield8T 8Tcharacteristics and are recommended for8T 8Tfuture8T 8Tbreeding8T 8Tprograms8T.

SinceVicia villosa is an important forage crop among forage plants in terms of cattle feeding, planting possibility in weak lands, resistance to cold, drought and grazing, as well as its role in soil fertility, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Iranian Dryland Agricultural Research Station in maraghehat 2007. Factors included two lines: A1v.d (2440) and A2v.d (2446), four row distances: B1 (17.5 cm), B2 (20 cm), B3 (22.5 cm) and B4 (25 cm). The results showed that 17.5 cm row distance caused the highest total dry matter weight and total seeds weight. Row distance of 22.5 cm led to the highest vegetation percent age that had significant difference with lower row distances. Fresh and dry biomass at flowering stage for 25 cm row distance were greater that 25 cm row distance, but it had no significant difference with other row distances. The greatest 1000 seeds weight was observed in 25 cm row distance, but it was only significantly different with 22.5cm row distance. Two lines had no differences in respect of all studied characteristics. Based on the results, 20 cm was considered as the best row distance to produce reliable forge atflowering stage.

A total of 22268 records from 10 commercial silkworm lines reared in Iran Silkworm Research Center including Chinese lines of 32, 104, 152, 110 and 154 and Japanese lines of 31, 103, 107, 151 and 153 collected during 3 years in 4 rearing periods in spring and autumn were used for study of effect of inbreeding on economic traits. Two statistical models were used for analysis of the data. In the first model, inbreeding coefficient was considered as a covariate variable along with fixed effects of line, rearing year and season. In the second model, inbreeding effect considered as a classified fixed effect along with other mentioned fixed effects. All effects had highly significant effects (P0.0001) on all traits. However, the non-significant effect of inbreeding on cocoon shell weight in the first model was an exception. Tukey-Kramer test was used for comparison of means. The means of different levels of each fixed effect were significantly (P 0.01) different for all traits. In the first model, partial regression coefficients on inbreeding were significant for cocoon weight (P< 0.0001) and cocoon shell percentage (P< 0.01) and not-significant for cocoon shell weight. The results of this study showed that increasing of inbreeding significantly increases the cocoon weight and decreases the cocoon weight percentage, but its effect on cocoon shell weight is not significant. Regarding to the results of this study, it could be concluded that increasing of inbreeding has no noticeable effect on silk quantity. Therefore, increasing of inbreeding, at least, at the studied level of this population, is probably acceptable.

Twenty three alfalfa cultivars were assessed in term of forage production in 8 diverse climatic conditions of Iran. The experiments were conducted for 3 to 6 years and the experimental design was RCBD or split-plot. In the first year, due to weak vigor of the plants and good establishment no harvest was made, but from the second year each year one cutting and in some cases, two cuttings were done. Furthermore, the plant height and leaf percentage were measured and comparer for each cultivar and climatic conditions. Forage yield of the alfalfa cultivars in different climatic conditions was different. In North of Khorassan province, with annual rainfall of 279 mm and climatic condition of cold dry and cold semi-dry, all cultivars produced more than 3 tones of herbage. Alfalfa cv. Simercheskaya, Krisari and Kharvandeh were superior to the other cultivars in term of herbage production. In Agh-Gola (Golestan province) with annual rainfall of 315 mm and climatic conditions of semi-arid, forage yield of the plant ranged between 2.8 and 3.8 tons/ha. The cv. Kankrip produced the highest yield. In climatic condition of cold stepic and cold semi-steppic (Chadegan, Zagheh, ghaed rahmat, Taleghan herbage yield varied from 1 to 2.2 tons/ha). In these regions, cv. Cody, Simercheskaya and krisari produced the highest yield. In Caspian climatic condition with annual rainfall of 400mm cv. Hunteriver, Krisari and Cody were superior than the other cultivars. In climatic condition of cold semi-arid of Zanjan, all the cultivars produced the lowest herbage yield and the experiment should be done again. Leaf percentage like forage production was different among climatic conditions and alfalfa cultivars. The plants in Chadgan produced more leaf than the plants in North of Khorassan and caspain climatic conditions. The plants which harvested in cold climatic conditions like Taleghan, 43 to 48 percent of the herbage belonged to their leaves. The plant height was between 45 to 70 cm in diverse climatic conditions and the heighest herbage production and plant height were obtained in North of Khorassan and Lorestan.