جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب" در نشریات گروه "زراعت"

In order to investigate the effect of some herbicides with different doses in direct cultivation and comparing it with transplanted cultivation, an experiment was carried out in the form of split plots based on random complete blocks in three replications in Mazandaran in the spring of 2018. The main plots include  transplanted flooded rice and direct seeded rice and sub plots include Kancil herbicide with doses (150, 120, 90, 60, 30), Nomini herbicide with doses (250, 200, 150, 100, 50), Clean Weed with 65 doses; pertilachlor + bensulfuron methyl; clomazone+pendimethalin; Clomazone, weed-infested control and weed-free control. The results showed that in weed-infested conditions, there was a significant difference in paddy yield between the two cultivation methods, so that in flooded cultivation, the yield was 355.6 and in direct cultivation, the yield was 185.1 kg per square meter. In direct cultivation, Kancil herbicide with a dose of 120 and 150 grams per hectare yields (492.5, 546) and Nomini herbicide with a dose of 200 and 250 cc per hectare (412.5, 539 3) and Clean Weed 65 cc. per hectare yield was 534.3 kg per square meter. It is suggested that direct cultivation of rice will be a good method for sustainable production in order to control weeds with herbicides and use less water and obtain optimal yield, considering the limited resources, especially water.

Selecting the appropriate cultivar of corn and providing efficient irrigation methods in order to increase water productivity and production per unit area for optimal use of water resources in agriculture is of great importance. In this study, it was tried to evaluate and compare between drip irrigation methods (type) and furrow irrigation on 20 cultivars of maize cultivars in order to determine the most appropriate irrigation method and the best cultivar compatible with the region in order to increase yield and water use efficiency. Also reduce the amount of water consumed.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the growth, yield and water use efficiency of different corn cultivars as split plots based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the tropical city of Dehloran in 2021. The main plots included irrigation management with two methods of drip irrigation (type) and furrow irrigation and the sub-plots included 20 varieties of corn. Vegetative traits including plant height were measured by meters, stem diameter, flag leaf area, number of cob rows, number of seeds per row and 1000-seed weight. Finally, after drying the plants, biological yield and grain yield were weighed using a digital scale. Water use efficiency was also calculated based on biological yield.

The results showed that cultivars 704 (122.3 days), BK74 (123.5 days) were known as early cultivars and NS640 (129.8 days), 89MAY70 (129.5 days) were known as late corn cultivars. Conserv cultivars (242.5 cm), 704 (225.2 cm) had the highest plant height. The highest leaf area of ​​flag was observed in cultivars AGN820 (279.5 cm2), AGN837 (274 cm2). Also, Conserv (3.33 cm), Barakat 3 (3.32 cm) cultivars had the largest stem diameter. The lowest plant height in BK66CTM cultivars (214 cm), BK65 (216.7 cm), the lowest stem diameter in BK66CTM cultivars (2.8 cm) and the lowest flag leaf area in 89MAY70 cultivars (199.2 cm2) and BC678 (199.7 cm2) were observed. Highest grain yield in cultivars AGN823 (9866.67 kg.ha-1), KSC703 (9760 kg.ha-1), AGN824 (9653.33 kg.ha-1) and lowest grain yield in BK66-CTM cultivars (5937.78 kg.ha-1) and Simon LF (6257.78 kg.ha-1) were observed, cultivars 704 with 348 g and AGN822 with AGN822 with 356.67 g had the lowest 1000-seed weight and cultivars AGN823 with 400.83, AGN824 with 393.33 g, AGN816 and Simon LF (394.17 g) had the highest 1000-seed weight, 1000-seed weight was higher in type irrigation method compared to furrow irrigation. AGN824 cultivars with 24808.87 kg.ha-1 had the highest biological yield and BK66CTM cultivars with 17644 kg.ha-1 had the lowest biological yield. the mean grain yield in type irrigation (9152 kg.ha-1) compared to the average grain yield in furrow irrigation (7980 kg.ha-1) has increased by about 14.7%. The amount of water consumption in the drip method (5966.7 m3.ha-1) compared to the amount of water consumption in the furrow method (8950 m3.ha-1) decreased by 3.3 3 shows. The effect of drip irrigation and furrow management methods on water productivity based on biological yield showed that water efficiency based on biological yield in strip drip irrigation method is equal to 3.65 kg.m3 and in furrow irrigation method is 2.25 kg.m3. Which indicates a 62.2% advantage of water efficiency in the drip strip method over the furrow method.

The general results of this study indicate the superiority of drip irrigation and the introduction of cultivars for cultivation in the tropics. The strip drip irrigation method, considering the reduction in the volume of water consumption, showed a significant increase in the yield and yield components of the corn plant. Strip drip irrigation with lower water consumption was able to produce more performance compared to leak irrigation. The strip drip irrigation method reduced irrigation water by 33.34% compared to the leak irrigation method.

Crops with high WUE and appropriate irrigation methods are critical for irrigation water management. Because of the indeterminate growth habit of the crop, this issue is particularly important in cotton production. Under high irrigation conditions, the balance between vegetative and reproductive growth may be upset. There are many reports showing the superiority of belt irrigation methods over conventional methods such as furrow irrigation. Considering the limited water resources in Iran, this experiment was conducted to study the response of cotton cultivars to irrigation rates and methods.

In this experiment, foreign and domestic commercial cotton varieties were compared in terms of yield and water use efficiency (WUE), in the form of split blocks on CRBD with 3 replications in 2022-2023 cropping seasons. Irrigation after 30% and 100% water evaporation from the pan in the main blocks. 13 cotton varieties were established in sub-blocks (plots) as sub-factors. Cultivars included of Golestan, Latif, Sepid, B557, Khordad, Partow, Taban Mai, Maxa, Lider, Loduz and American Genetics.

the effects of treatments on all traits studied were significant. The interaction between irrigation and cultivar on the traits was significant, except for the number of sympodial branches and fiber content. In the first year, the yield of Golestan and Partov cultivars was higher than the others when irrigated after evaporation of 30% of the husk water. Golestan, B557 and Khordad had higher yield when irrigated after 100% evaporation, which was due to their ability to form and retain more bolls per plant. Sepid and Lodouz varieties had the lowest yield in the first year. In the second year, Golestn and Khordad were superior to the other cultivars when irrigated after 30% pod evaporation. When irrigated at 100% evaporation from the pan, Golestan, Mai, and Taban had higher yield. The lowest yield this year was obtained by Leeder and Loduz varieties when irrigated after 30% evaporation from the pan. The most likely reason for these yield losses was the loss of balance between vegetativeand reproductive growth, which resulted in completely excessive growth, especially in the Loduz variety. This higher vegetative growth resulted in a reduction of the WUE value.

the local cultivars Golestan, Khordad and Partow and the Turkish cultivar Mai showed higher yields under belt irrigation. Due to the high vegetative growth potential in Leeder and Golestan, irrigation management of these varieties is more important than that of the others.

Most bean cultivated lands are in areas that facing water deficit during the growing season. In order to investigate the effect of irrigation period and nitrogen fertilizer on yield, yield components and water use efficiency of red bean (cv. D-81083), an experiment was conducted as a split-plot based on a randomized complete block design with four replications at Boroujerd Agricultural Research Station (Lorestan) during two crop years. The main-plots were included four irrigation times after 36 (I1), 54 (I2), 72 (I3) and 90 (I4) mm of cumulative evaporation from class A evaporation pan and sub-plots were included the amounts and method of nitrogen fertilizer consumption including N1: without the use of nitrogen fertilizer (urea) or control, N2: consumption of 50 kg/ha of urea fertilizer at planting, and N3: consumption of 50 kg/ha of urea fertilizer at planting + 50 kg/ha of urea fertilizer at the beginning of the flowering stage. The results showed that, the highest number of pods per plant (18.3 pods), number of grains per pod (6.13 grains), grain yield (2538.8 kg/ha), biomass (5330.8 kg/ha) and water use efficiency (0.376 kg/m3) were achieved from I2N2 treatment. In the treatment of I4 application of nitrogen fertilizer didn’t have much effect on the traits. In general, the irrigation period can be planted from the beginning of sowing to before flowering stage every 7 to 8 days and after this period arranged for 5-6 days. Also, it is recommended to consumption of 50 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer at planting to stimulate early root growth until they sufficiently infected with rhizobium bacteria.

Investigating the crop response to the deficit irrigation and evaluating the effect of drought stress on plant is one of the most important issues in crop production. In these circumstances, the use of organic fertilizers can play a mitigative role. Hence, an experiment was laid out as split plot based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications in Research Farm of University of Gonabad, Gonabad, east of Iran. The main factor comprised of full irrigation, temporary interruption of irrigation in the flowering stage, and temporary interruption of irrigation in the seed filling stage, and subfactor levels included of control, chemical fertilizer, manure, compost, and vermicompost. Drought stress led to decreases in grain and biological yield of the millet, and the highest yields were achieved by vermicompost application under full irrigation during the growth period. The forage yield, plant height, leaf number in the main stem, tiller number, and 1000 grain weight were not significantly affected by the drought stress. The forage, biological and grain yield showed the highest increase due to applying vermicompost, while the plant height and harvest index showed the highest increase when exposed to manure. Chemical fertilizer enhanced the tiller number to a greater value as compared to other treatments. The plants that were exposed to drought stress in the grain filling stage showed notable decreases in the harvest index. The water use efficiency of the plants exposed to drought stress in the flowering stage was increased, whereas in those exposed to drought stress in the grain filling stage it was decreased. Vermicompost and compost had the greatest positive influence on the water use efficiency. In general, even though the highest yields were obtained from full irrigation, with utilizing deficit irrigation operation in the flowering stage of millet we can improve the water use efficiency and the harvest index of this crop. In addition, the findings showed the positive effects of organic amendment in comparison with chemical amendment for millet cultivation.

Shallow groundwater is a resource which can provides and meets high values of plant’s water requirement. Shallow groundwater use by plant depends on different factors as: soil hydraulic conductivity, plant root features and characteristics, salinity tolerance level, a proper drainage system, irrigation system and management. In case of shallow groundwater use by plant, total irrigation number and water requirement will be reduced. Therefore, shallow groundwater, is a potential, efficient and free water resource in agriculture which sometimes defined as subsurface irrigation. The present study was conducted with the aim to examine the effects of shallow water table of 60, 80 and 110 cm depth on the water requirement, water use efficiency and different yield components of two lentil varieties namely that was conducted into two-factor factorial and based on completely randomized design with three replications. This research was carried out at Kermanshah with semi-arid climate by using lysimeters during two growing season 2013 and 2014. The research was performed at the Irrigation and Water Resources Engineering Research Lysimetric Station, located at 47°9′ E and 34°21′ N, with an elevation of 1319 m (asl), as a part of the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Razi University in Kermanshah, Iran. In this study 18 Polyetelen lysimeters with diameter of 280 mm were used. The bottom of lysimeters were blocked to prevent of any leaching. Groundwater levels in the lysimeters were determined and fixed by Marriott siphon that was installed beside of each lysimeter in different groundwater depths of 60, 80 and 110 cm. The soil texture in the lysimeters was Silty clay. The cultivation in the first and second year of the research was conducted in 13 and 16 March, years 2013 and 2014 respectively. To obtain the amount of water requirement of plants, evaporation data of pan class A was received daily from the meteorology station which was located at distance of one hundred meters from research station. In this research, water requirement was determined by considering three stages as: reference evapotranspiration (ETo), the crop coefficient (KC) and finally crop evapotranspiration. Analysis of variance and comparison of means were done for different treatment by MSTATC software According to the results in both years of study, maximum and minimum consumption of groundwater belong to depths of 60 and 110 cm, respectively. The ground water contribution for depths of 60, 80 and 110 cm was obtained as 53.76%، 36.50%، 15.23%, respectively. The results showed that maximum groundwater use efficiency, based on seed yield, for ILL6037 and Kimia cultivars was obtained in depths of 110, and the minimum groundwater use efficiency, for ILL6037 cultivar was obtained in depths 60 and 80 cm during both years of study, respectively. Also the maximum and minimum seed yield in both years of study was obtained for Kimia cultivar, in water table depths 60 and 110 cm respectively. Moreover, the maximum and minimum protein values was obtained, for Kimia cultivar in depth of 110 cm and ILL6037 cultivar in depth of 60 cm respectively. It can be concluded that by increasing the depth of water table the values of groundwater contribution to crop water requirement was reduced. It may reason of increasing the distance between plant roots and water table. As a result of this phenomenon, plant root access to water by the use of capillary rise to meet the water requirement reduced and therefore, the groundwater contribution for providing plant water requirement was reduced. The results of this research showed that legume crops such as Lentil can use groundwater properly.

Nowadays, crop simulation models have a key role in crop growth and yield estimation, production planning, production economy and identifying strategies for crops supply. In this research, AquaCrop model was calibrated and evaluated for three corn hybrids; (DC 370, ZP 677, and SC 704) under different levels of water supply (non stress, mid stress, and severe stress) and nitrogen rates (0, 120, 180, and 240 kg N/ha). For model validation, normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) and determination of coefficient (R2) were used. Result showed that the model simulated grain yield of corn hybrids with high precision. Simulation precision decreased with increasing drought stress. The lowest nRMSE (7.5%) and highest R2 (0.93) were obtained from ZP 677 hybrid. The model simulated corn biological yield with more deviation percentage than grain yield. However, it´s variation trend due to variation in drought stress level or nitrogen fertilizer predicted well according to field experiment. nRMSE ranged from 6.8 and 10.9, while R2 varied from 0.82 to 0.92. AquaCrop model simulated the variation of water use efficiency of corn hybrids with reasonable accuracy, so that it´s value increased with increasing drought stress and nitrogen fertilizer application, while, model outputs in most situations were lower than measured values. The best model validation result (nRMSE=6.4% and R2= 0.93) obtained from ZP 677 hybrid. According to the results were obtained, AquaCrop model can be applied with high reliability for simulating corn yield under similar climatic regions of this experiment.

IntroductionThe potato of commerce (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an annual dicot species. It is an autotetraploid with 4x=48 chromosomes. In Iran the consumption per capita of potato is over the 35 kg. Potato production is usually done without reducing yield in the irrigation water salinity 1-2 dS m-1, but 4.2 dS m-1 salinity reduces yield by 26 percent. 10, 25 and 50 percent yield reduction have been reported in soil electrical conductivity 2.5, 3.8 and 5.9 dS m-1, respectively . Between the ability of plant species to maintain potassium levels and their tolerance to salinity is positive correlation and on this basis nutritional irregularity due to increased salinity can be compensated by increasing of potassium fertilizer. In tolerant plant species, during times of increased salinity, selective absorption of potassium increased. The ability of plants to maintain a certain level of K/Na within the cell is essential for salt tolerance and sometimes of these ratios is used as indicators of salinity tolerance. Potato yield in response to salt stress, according to a variety of uses, can be reduced from 20 to 85 percent. Harmful effects of salinity in the beginning stages of tubers and tuber growth stage are important, therefore, tuber number and tuber size are two important components of yield which may reduce in the effect of salinity. Accelerate the aging process of the shoot, unwanted earliness, are of the reasons for the reduction in tuber size.
Materials and MethodsA field experiment was conducted in the agricultural and natural resources research center (31° 32´ N, 51° 51´ E), Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran. According to twenty years statistics, rainfall and temperature means for experiment location were 110 mm and 25 °C, respectively. The experiment was conducted as a factorial in a completely randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were three levels of foliar K application (control, K sulphate 10 ppm, and 2.5 ppm of potassium oxide), and the number of times foliar spray were included in one (start flowering), two (full emergence of flowers), and three (two weeks after full flowering stage) times. Potato (CV. Ramus) was planted in plots 1.5 × 6 m in February 24 and harvested in 24 May in the both years. Row and plant spacing’s were 75 and 20 cm, respectively. Irrigation (furrow) was applied when the soil moisture in the root zone declined to 60-65 percent of field capacity. To determine the irrigation time tensiometers placed at 15- and 30-cm depths responded to changes in soil water. To measure the tuber yield (after eliminating the edges), the whole tuber yield was measured on each plot. Tubers with size less than 35 mm were considered as non-salable tuber yield. An irrigation water productivity index based on the formula Tanner and Sinclair (1983) was calculated. Irrigation Water Productivity = Y/WC. In this formula, Y is the product of economic performance and WC is the consumed water. During the interval between the first and last spray, pressure chamber apparatus(Arimad-2 Japan) for measuring the youngest leaves water potential was used (hours 8-6 am). During the growing season, weeds were hand-weeding. The data were subjected to analysis of variance by SAS and means Fisher’s Protected LSD (5%) was used for mean separation.
Result and DiscussionsThe results of this study showed that salable yield with three times K sulfate spraying (Ps×3S), and potassium oxide treatments sprayed with two and three times (Po×2S and Po×3S) were significantly more than to other treatments, but did not find statistically significant differences among these three treatments. Tuber weight was the most important component that significantly affected by the interaction of potassium sprayed and its frequency. Three times foliar sprays of potassium sulfate (Ps×3S) and two and three times potassium oxide foliar application (Po×2S and Po×3S), showed 19, 17 and 21% increase in compared to the control treatment, respectively. Control, and even once treated by foliar potassium (Sulphate or potassium oxide) had lower harvest index values than the other treatments. The negative effect of irrigation with saline water on assimilate partitioning to the tuber is cause of the reduction of harvest index. Water use efficiency with foliar application of three times potassium sulfate or potassium oxide was 27% higher than the control treatment (4.5 kg m-3). The use of sufficient potassium in such a situation is not only necessary to maintain osmotic potency, the continuation of assimilates in phloem, and loading these vessels but also plays an important role in detoxification of sodium ions. In salinity stress, accelerated aging and earliness shoot unintentionally, are the reasons for the reduction in tuber size.
ConclusionsThe results showed that foliar application of potassium, especially in two or three times (depending on the type of fertilizer application) can result in harmful effects of salinity and leads to an increase in tuber yield. In relation to foliar K application, some cases are necessary: First, due to the sensitivity of potato to fungal diseases, foliar application of fungicides and K fertilizers can be simultaneously tested in salt stress conditions. Second, the salinity considered for this study was 6.1 dS m-1. This amount of salinity to the potatoes is too much so it may be recommendable to spray less frequently at lower salinity levels.

Under condition of limited water supply, determination of minimum water requisite to keep potential yield should be considered as an important target. With this respect, a field experiment was conducted at research farm of university college of agriculture and natural resources, university of Tehran, in 2012-2013, Karaj, Iran. The experiment was conducted in a split plot, based on randomized complete design with three replications. Three wheat cultivars, recommended for conditions similar to the experimental site, (Parsi, Sivand and Pishtaz) and nine moisture regimes (a combination of 3 at vegetative an 3 at reproductive stages) were arranged in main and sub plots, respectively. Increase in irrigation intervals from 70 to 90 mm, based on class A evaporation pot, during vegetative stage did not affect grain yield. Irrigation after 110 mm pot evaporation at this growth stage, however, reduced yield by 14%. At any moisture regimes during vegetative stage, increase in irrigation intervals from 90 to even 110 mm pot evaporation during reproductive stage, did not affect grain yield. The highest WUE were obtained in T79 and T711 treatments. Decrease in moisture regimes, in a range applied in this experiment, increased harvest index. Reduced grain yield was accompanied with decrease in biomass and leaf area under low moisture regimes. Among the cultivars, Parsi showed the highest value of stem reserve accumulation, but lowest value of remobilization. Highest stem reserve remobilization was found in Pishtaz which showed highest grain yield under reduced moisture regimes. Decrease in moisture regimes was accompanied with decline in stem reserves but increase in reserve remobilization.

In order to evaluate the effects of different levels of water and plant density on yield، yield components، morphological and physiological characteristics of a new corn Hybrid (KSC 500)، an experiment was carried out in 2006 in Karaj area. The experimental design was split plot based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Main plots were three irrigation levels: 75%، 100% and 125% ET and sub plots were three plants densities: 75000، 85000 and 95000 plant per hectare. Water requirement was calculate based on soil water limitation to the level of field capacity. The results showed that increasing the levels of irrigation from 75% to 125% ET، has a significant effect on yield، plant height، the first ear height above ground، leaf number، leaf width and length، biomass weight، ear length and diameter، number of grain in row، number of row in ear، leaf destruction، 1000 grain weight، 15 ear sample weight، ear wood diameter، grain length، biological yield and harvest index، but its effects on ear wood weight، tassel length and leaf dry weight was not significant. Effect of different densities on yield، plant height، the first ear height above ground، leaf number، leaf length، ear length and diameter، number of grain row، ear wood weight and diameter was significant. According to the results 125% ET treatment and 85000 plant per hectare had the best yield (12 ton. ha-1) and 100% treatment in 75000 plant per hectare had the best WUE (1. 22 kg/m3).

To determine sugar beet water requirement and the effect of changing the quantity of applied water on some production components, a study was carried out in Ekbatan Agricultural Research Station of Hamedān, Iran in four years (1994-1997) during which optimum water requirement, root and sugar yield, water use efficiency on the basis of root yield, sugar percentage and water use efficiency on the basis of sugar yield under no water and nutrients limitation conditions were measured and compared by water balance method for four growth periods of 130, 134, 152 and 162 days. At the same time, the water requirement of reference crop - poa - was measured by lysimeter in order to study the pattern of the variations of sugar beet crop coefficient. It was found that the amount of applied water for sugar beet was 8427, 7328, 10256 and 9026 m3.ha-1 in the four studied years, respectively with the average amount of 8759 m3.ha-1. Average four-year maximum crop coefficient was 1.04 at mid-growing season and the minimum one was 0.42 at early-growing season. The highest root yield, sugar yield and sugar percentage was obtained from 162-day growth period (116.8 t.ha-1, 20.36 t.ha-1 and 17.43%, respectively). The lowest ones were obtained from 130-day growth period (52.21 t.ha-1, 8.5 t.ha-1 and 16.26%, respectively). Results revealed that in 130-day growth period, root yield decreased and meanwhile, water use efficiency on the basis root yield and sugar yield was decreased to 7.1 and 1.2 kg.m-3 applied water, respectively. In the longer growth period, water use efficiency on the basis of root yield and sugar yield was 11.4 and 2 kg.m-3 applied water, respectively.

To study the effect of variable irrigation in spring on water use efficiency, quantity and quality of root and sugar yield of two sugar beet cultivars Shirin and Rasolan, an experiment was conducted at Safiabad Agriculctura Research Center during 2003-04 and 2004-05 cropping seasons. The experiment was designed in a split plot with four replications in which five water supply treatments 25, 50, 75,100 and 125 percent of the plant water requirment (PWR) as drip irrigation were in main plots and two sugar beet cultivars in subplots. There was a significant difference between years for most of the sugar beet yield parameters, whereas differences among water supply treatments were significant only for root yield, α-N, alkalinity, and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of root and sugar yield. Increasing of water volume increased root yield and alkalinity and decreased IWUE for sugar and root yield. The 100 and 25% PWR treatments had the highest (84t/ha) and the lowest (76t/ha) root yield, respectively. The 25% PWR treatment had the highest IWUE for root and sugar yield which were 18.7 and 2.6 kg/m3, respectively. There was no significant difference between cultivars for any of yield parameters. Increment of water supply increased leaf area, leaf number and fresh dead leaves (leaf+petiole) and reduced root/shoot ratio, and dry matter of leaf and root. Based on the results of this experiment, the 25% PWR as drip irrigation in spring, can be recommended for autumn sugar beet in Dezful region.

In order to study the effect of different levels of nitrogen and plant density under different moisture conditions on grain yield and yield components, biological yield and economic and biological water use efficiency of a maize hybrid (Zea mays L.) cv. SC. 704 a research was conducted in 2004 and 2006 cropping seasons, in experimental field in Agriculture and Natural Resources Sciences University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran. Irrigation treatments were implemented separately in three experiment in cluding. Optimum irrigation (I1), Moderate stress (I2) and Severe stress (I3) (irrigation treatments were applied based on depletion of 30%, 40% and 50% of field capacity, respectively). Until 4 to 5 leaf stage (seedling establishment stage) irrigations carried out after depletion of 30% field capacity in all treatments and after this stage irrigation treatments were applied. A split plot arrangement in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replication was used for each experiment. In each experiment three nitrogen levels (N1=140, N2=180 and N3=220 Kg N ha-1) were applied in main plots and three plant densities (D1=6, D2=7.5 and D3=9 plants m-2) were assigned to sub-plots. Results of combined analysis of variance indicated that the effect of moisture stress, nitrogen and plant densities on grain and biological yield was significant. The maximum grain yield (1050.2 gm-2) was harvested from optimum irrigation (I1). Severe moisture stress decreased the grain yield by 35% in comparison with optimum irrigation. This reduction was mainly due to reduction of grain number per ear and 1000 kernel weight. Grain yield increased with increasing nitrogen application. The yield difference between nitrogen levels was mainly due to positive effect of nitrogen on grain number per ear. The response of grain yield to increase in plant densities was positive. All yield components except number of rows per ear were sensitive to plant densities. Harvest index decreased as severity of moisture stress and plant densities increased, but there was no significant difference between different levels of nitrogen. Decreasing irrigation intervals increased economic and biological water use efficiency. The highest means of economic (1.71 kgm-3) and biological (3.28 kgm-3) water use efficiency, belonged to optimum irrigation. Increasing nitrogen application increased economic and biological water use efficiency. The response of these efficiencies to plant densities was also positive. Results of this study, suggest that; in order to increase input use efficiency and decrease the costs, nitrogen consumption rate, plant densities and available water in soil should be proportionated. Under moisture stress conditions, reduction in input levels, not only decreases the costs, but also increases the efficiency of resources used.