جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « تحلیل اقتصادی » در نشریات گروه « منابع طبیعی »

Sesame harvesting is mainly done manually due to the use of dehiscence cultivars and high seed loss in mechanized harvesting. In recent years, with the introduction of non-dehiscence cultivars, the mechanized harvesting of sesame has become possible. In this study, the traditional and mechanized methods of sesame harvesting were investigated in terms of seed loss, cost, energy consumption and time required for harvesting. Data of traditional system were collected from farmers in Dezful, Shush and Andimeshk counties and data of mechanized system were obtained from Shahid Rajaei Agricultural production Company in Dezful. In the mechanized harvesting, the seed loss were measured in three amounts of seed planting rates (5, 10, and 12 kg/ha) and three ground speeds of the combine harvester (1.5, 2 and 2.5 km/h). The average seed loss in the combine was 4.83%, of which more than 94% was related to the combine header. The findings showed that with the increase in plant density, seed loss in combine is greatly reduced. The average labor in traditional harvesting was 315 labor-hours, which was 98 times more than in the mechanized method. The average cost of harvesting in traditional and mechanized methods was calculated as 49.4 and 2.7 million rials/hectare in 2019, respectively. The input energy in traditional and mechanized harvesting was 2088 and 1510 MJ/ha, respectively, that in the traditional method, human energy was the major part of the input energy. The results showed that the use of non-dehiscence cultivars and mechanized harvesting allows the development of sesame cultivation.

Objectives of this study, determine value of irrigated wheat seed in waste for processing line, determine of cost and benefit, determine Breakeven price and calculate of economic profitability indices of wheat seed processing lines in Ram Sanat Bahare in Alborz and Akyurek Technology in Kordestan provinces. This research carried out in 2018. Methodology of this study was profitability analysis by Economical engineering methods. According to the results, in Ram Sanat Bahare and Akyurek Technology, the gross value of process in waste of these lines was estimated 4.6 and 2.6 Iranian billion rials, Annual variables costs these lines was calculated 40.94 and 89.75 Iranian billion rials and the total gross value from sales of certifies seeded seeds sold and processed waste determined 55.2 and 104.8 Iranian billion rials, respectively. In Ram Sanat Bahare in Alborz, Breakeven price and gross margin of irrigated bread wheat (Pishgam cultivar) was estimated 14675 Iranian rial per kg and 14 Iranian billion rials, respectively. During (2017-2026), net present value (NPV) this line was 21.8 Iranian billion rials and benefit cost ratio was 1.05. In Akyurek Technology in Kordestan, Breakeven price and gross margin of dry bread wheat (Sardari cultivar) was estimated 17575.2 Iranian rial per kg and 20.34 Iranian billion rials, respectively. During analysis periods, net present value (NPV) this line was 98.7 Iranian billion rials and benefit cost ratio was 1.12. In general, the activity of wheat seed processing companies has been economic.

Among the most important factors affecting the development of the medicinal plants industry are the technical capabilities of producers in the field of economic production and the profitability of medicinal plants. In order to investigation profitability indices of cultivation and production of medicinal plant of jujube activity used engineering economic methods including Net present value (NPV), Benefit-cost ratio (B/C) and Safety return. Data of this study collected to documentary method from Ghom province in 2019. Results showed that, capital and current expenses for the construction of one hectare of Jujube orchards in the study year were 216 Iranian million rials. During periods, Net present value of activity with discount rates of 15 and 18 percent, was estimated 1.6 and 1.3 Iranian million rials, respectively. Benefit-cost ratio of activity with discount rates of 15 and 18 percent was estimated 4.5 and 4.1 unit, respectively. Thus, based on profitability indices, implementation of this study was economic. In the first year of fruiting, Safety return of this product was estimated 89.8 percent, In the sense that one rial of sales resulted in %89.8 profit.

In generally, important factors in substitution of varieties are including increasing of yield, improvement of quality and avoid of decreasing of yield varieties versus biotic and abiotic stress. The objectives of this study were to: determine of Weighted average age of wheat varieties and comparison with other countries, determine to effect and correlation between time trend with weighted average ageof varieties and investigation of profitability of irrigated bead wheat varieties with different origins. This study carried out in 2016 for irrigated bead wheat varieties planted in 2004-2016. Data are collected from Deputy of Agronomy in Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture and Certified and Register of Seed and Plant Institute. The methodology of this research were time trend linear regression analysis, weighted average ageindexes, coefficient of correlation and profitability indicators (Net present value, Benefit-cost ratio and Internal rate of return). According to the results, Estimated coefficient of Time Trend on weighted average ageof varietieswas positive and 0.091 and 0.46 and significant.. Benefit-cost ratio(BCR) and Internal rate of return(IRR) for Ghonbad variety with national originwas estimated 5.5 and 41.9%.BCR and IRR for Sirvan variety with international originwas estimated 6.1 and 54.3%. Thus, time trend variable was one of important factor on Weighted average ageof varieties. For more effecting of varieties on farmer’s income based on economic results recommended selecting of proper variety with high profitability, preparation of timely and adequate for improved seed varieties in during of age varieties by institutes.