جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "اختلال روان پزشکی" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Comfort is the ultimate goal in all the nursing processes. The aim of the study is to examine the comfort status of the hospitalized patients with mental disorders.

This study is a descriptive, cross-sectional study that was conducted on 275 patients hospitalized in the psychiatric wards of Lavasani hospital in Tehran in 2020. The study subjects were selected using the convenience sampling method. The patients completed a demographic form and the comfort questionnaire of psychiatric patients. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, independent t-test, analysis of variance, and the Scheffe test through the SPSS software version 24 at a significance level of 0.05.

A total of 184 patients (66.9%) were male. The overall comfort score was 128.76, which was more than median based on the score from 38 to 190.
The highest scores in the dimensions of comfort, were respectively sociocultural domain (65.20±91.55), psychospiritual domain (64.19±31.50), physical domain (58.22±37.06), and environmental domain (49.19±22.39). The Scheffe test showed that the comfort score for the patients with sufficient income was significantly higher (P<0.001). Also, the patients who were employees had a higher comfort score compared to others (P=0.017).

The patients gained the least comfort score in the environmental domain, and the most comfort score in the sociocultural domain. Therefore, devising and implementing all nursing interventions are recommended with the aim of maintaining and improving comfort in the environment of psychiatric departments.

The most important conditions necessitating Hajj are financial affordability, physical, and psychological capacity. Most persons who become bound to make the Hajj ignore the psychological capacity. Each year many persons lacking psychological capacity, go on Hajj and cause other mentally qualified people deprived of travel. A number of these pilgrims undergo medical treatment or are hospitalized during their travel and some of them are returned back to the country. No study has been carried out so far on these special conditions, psychological capacity, of Hajj. In quantitative part of this study, information of all records existing in the medical center of Hajj during 2012-2015 was extracted. The information was analyzed by assistant psychiatrist, professor, and physicians based on DSM-IV-TR standards. In qualitative part, systematic information was extracted from authorities of Hajj organization. From studied records related to psychiatric disorders, cases of schizophrenia and psychotic disorders were identified as lacking mental and psychological capacity. The results of this study showed that about 16% of the people with mental disorders such as schizophrenia and psychotic disorders, and that their dispatch to Hajj's journey was in contradiction with the principles of jurisprudence and ethics. This study can be regarded as a religious and ethical guide for identifying the examples of people who have been deprived, to help policy makers of the Hajj system to apply more strict monitoring of the dispatch of pilgrims, eliminating the time spent by other pilgrims and defusing national pride, and helping to replace eligible people instead of those who are not qualified for Hajj.

Introduction& The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among murderers who were referred to the Psychiatric Commission of the Legal Medicine Office of Mashhad, Khorasan Razavi, for evaluation of their mental status from March 2013 to March 2015.
The research is a descriptive – retrospective one. The studied population in this research were the murderers referred to the Legal Medicine Office of Khorasan Razavi from March 2013 to March 2015. A check-list was designed on the basis of the content of their records and the results declared by the Psychiatric Commision, and the needed quantitative and qualitative data were gathered and recorded, and finally the findings were analyzed using SPSS software and chi2 test.
In this study, a total of 90 cases were investigated that 44 (49.4%) belonged to the first year and 45 (50.6%) to the second year. Fifty five point two percent of them had a history of addiction or continued drug abuse. Among these murderers 17.2 % had a record of psychiatric disease diagnosed by a psychiatrist. 31.8% had a history of taking psychiatric drugs, 17% had a history of psychiatric hospitalization 70.1% were cases of self injury and 28.7% had a history of suicide attempts, while 31.8% had some form of mental disorder and 12.8% were diagnosed as not responsible for his actions.
According to the results of this study 61.7 % of murderers had no major psychiatric disorders but this does not mean that these people are mentally healthy, since they are not sufficiently skilled in communication skills and problem solving, anger control and overall judgment. This points to the need for planning community mental health promotion, life skills training (stress management, anger management, etc.) and prevention of violent crimes such as murder.

Some people use opioid substances to relief their chronic somatic pains. There are differences in the personality traits of this individuals and others who abuse opioid substances. The purpose of the present study was to compare these two groups in regard to their personality traits and disorders. In a cross-sectional study between 2007 to 2011, all patients referred for drug quit to the outpatient addiction clinic of Imam Hospital affiliated to Jundishapur University were investigated demographically. In addition, all of them underwent physical examination, MMPI test and psychiatric interview. Then they were divided into two groups of "with pain complaint" and "without pain complaint". Their personality traits were compared using t-test and χ2. The total number of patients was 488, including 478 males and 10 females. Mean scores of Psychatenia (pt) and paranoia (Pa) indexes in the patients who suffered from chronic non- cancer pain was lower in comparison to the patients without pain complaint. Based on the results of psychological interview, the prevalence of personality disorder was higher in the "without pain" group. Patients with chronic pain had higher educational degrees and they were more likely under the influence of their friends at the onset of opioid abuse. In the present study those who used opioid for pain relief, had healthier psychiatric profiles and personalities. Their psychiatric interviews were more valid and reliable and their psychological problems were less than the other group and their addiction was a maladaptive behavior.

According to previous studies, frequency of psychological symptoms or disorders among applicants for cosmetic surgery is more than normal population. The aim of the present study is to compare psychopathological profile of applicants for plastic surgery with normal population. In this cross sectional, case-control study, samples were selected through convenient sampling; 50 subjects who were between 18 to 45 years old, were selected among applicants for cosmetic surgery and compared with 50 matched controls. The subjects were assessed with Millon Clinical Multi-axial Inventory-III that has 175 true-false questions. MANOVA was used to compare two groups. Results demonstrated that group of applicants for cosmetic surgery, gothigh scores in depressed, histrionic, narcissistic, compulsive, masochism, borderline and schizotypal scales of personality profile; They got also high scores in anxiety, somatoform, alcoholism, thought disorder and major depression scales (among clinical symptom and severe symptom indexes) (P<0.05). Applicants for plastic surgery have some differences in clinical personality profile and show some clinical psychiatric symptoms, comparing with control group. These symptoms and personality characters may affect them, seeking help by cosmetic surgery. Therefore pre-operative psychological assessment could help to assess clinical and personality profile and identify any personality or psychiatric disorder in these patients. It is helpful for these patients to be referred for psychological assessment before surgery.

ntroduction:Studying mental health status of prisoners and presenting mental health services are considered very important. This study was planned to investigate personality disorders of prisoners of the central jail in Sanandaj. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, the statistical community included prisoners of central jail in Sanandaj with more than six months of conviction and one month in prison throughout the year (May 2003- Nov 2004) and sample size contained 208 persons entered in to study. After permission of ethics committee and taking satisfaction of prisoners, psychiatric disorders particularly personality disorders were evaluated twice in clinical interview by a psychiatrist. The received data were analyzed by SPSS software and χ 2 test. Eighty eight percents of the participants were males. The highest prevalence was observed among 20-40 years-old subjects (51.4%). Of all subjects 40.4% were single, 48.1% were married, and 11.5% were divorced. 79.3% of the subjects did not have high school diploma. Total prevalence of personality disorders among subjects was 55.8% out of which 75.9% (42.3% of total) included antisocial personality disorder and 24.1% (13.5% of total) contained borderline personality disorder. Twenty six percents of subjects showed psychiatry disorders in axis I. A significant relationship was observed between the prevalence of personality disorders and prisoner's age and sex (P=0.003, P=0.004 respectively).More than 50% of prisoners suffered from personality disorders. Most common personality disorders were antisocial and borderline disorder, respectively.