جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « افزایش وزن » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Intra Uterine Device (IUD) and Depo-medroxy Progesterone Acetate (DMPA) are effective contraceptive methods that their usage may not be continued due to the occurrence of side effects. This study was performed with aim to evaluate the weight changes in DMPA compared to IUD users.

This retrospective cohort study was performed in 2017 on 150 IUD consumers and 150 DMPA users. Samples were collected from 34 health centers in Tehran by simple random sampling. Baseline weight) W1), 6 months (W2) and then 12 to 18 months (W3) after IUD and DMPA usage was measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 20). Independent t-test was used to compare the weight difference between the two time stages and repeated measures test was used in three time stages. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Baseline weight in IUD group was significantly higher than DMPA group (P=0.003). After 6 months, weight gain reversed in two groups and mean difference between W2-W1 showed significant increases in DMPA group in comparison of IUD users (P˂0.001). Also, 12-18 months later, mean difference between W3-W1 indicated significant weight gain in DMPA users than IUD consumers (P˂0.001). Weight gain during 12-18 months in DMPA users was about 2 Kg. Repeated measure analysis showed significant differences between two groups during time (P˂0.001). DMPA usage (P= 0.0001, B=2.39) and Cesarean delivery (P= 0.029, B=0.72) were two significant factors on weight gain.

Weight gain, albeit small is one of the complications of DMPA usage that should be considered.

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of some diseases such as atherosclerosis and doing high intensity training may enhance oxidative stress. This study was done to evaluate the effect of eight weeks resistance training on malondialdehyd, total, antioxidant capacity, liver enzymes and lipid profile in overweight and obese women.
In this quasi-experimental study, 16 overweight and obese women were non-randomly divided into intervention (n=9) and control (n=7) groups. The resistance training included the resistance training (with intensity of 50-80% one repetition maximum) that lasted for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. Every session lasted for 60 minutes. Malondialdehyd, total antioxidant capacity, liver enzymes and lipid profile for each subject was measured.
The eight weeks resistance training significantly increased total antioxidant capacity high density lipoprotein and triglyceride in interventional group in compared to controls (p Eight weeks resistance training by reducing malondialdehyd and increasing total antioxidant capacity may reduce the risk of atherosclerosis disease and improving cardiovascular health.

Physical activity during pregnancy is one of the factors that have beneficial effects on the health of the mother and fetus. This study aimed to determine the pattern of physical activity in nulliparous pregnant women referred to Shaheed Mostafa Khomeini hospital.

This study was an analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted on 268 healthy nulliparous women in Mostafa Khomeini hospital. The survey tool was a standard questionnaire of physical activity during pregnancy. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16).

Only 36.2% of cases had walking pattern in accordance to the guidelines. A significant percentage of the daily activities of the subjects involved house work, mainly in the form of sitting activities (7.34 ± 2.60). The average time spent on sports activities was their least daily activity (0.14 ± 0.08 day/hour). Major activities of mothers were light and inactive. Generally, normal delivery was 30.6% of all deliveries. In 58.6% of subjects, weight gain during pregnancy was greater than recommended rate. There was a significant relationship between the type of delivery and physical activity and sport, so that those who had more walking had a higher probability of normal delivery (p= 0.03).

The results of this study support the positive effects of physical activity during pregnancy. However, due to its low popularity in the pregnant women, the appropriate approach is required from relevant institutions including universities and pregnancy care centers.

Excessive weight gain is one of the problems of today`s society and a worldwide health threatening condition similar to diabetes, cancer, and other chronic diseases. The prevalence of overweight and excessive weight gain is increasing worldwide. Despite advances in managing the excessive weight gain phenomena, its prevalence is still high, and there is little knowledge about what excessive weight gained people really experience in their daily life. The current study aimed at providing an understanding of the lived experience in females with excessive weight gain.
The current qualitative study, using interpretive phenomenological approach, was conducted on 12 females with excessive weight gain purposefully selected. Data were collected during individual, semi-structured, and deep interviews. The recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed with Van Manen (2006) approach.
Lived experiences of excessive weight in females were summarized by the main theme: “the resilience” and subthemes: “desire of change”, “hopeful struggle”, and “troubles of resilience”.
The results of the current study revealed that the lived experience of resilience in females was an important factor to interact with the social world. In fact, resilience strategies such as weight loss, diet, and effective communication with others were used by females to cope with unsuitable situations. Nurses can better improve health status in people with excessive weight by knowing the resilience concept.

About 90% ovarian cancers are epithelial and 10-15% of this group are mucinous. The treatment is the hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. However, most of these tumors occur in young women that have not yet given birth in which preservation of fertility should be considered. We present a case of huge mucinous cystadenoma and massive ascites managed by preserving uterus and ovaries. Meigs’ syndrome is found in fibroma, and thecoma of ovary, however, in rare occasion this syndrome is occurred in mucinous cystadenoma.
A 21-year-old unmarried woman presented with the complaint about weight gains and irregular menstruation for four months to gynecology clinic of Firoozgar hospital in Tehran in October 2016. Preop lab data including tumor marker was gathered, and sonography with CT scanning of pelvic and chest was performed. The ascitic fluid was negative for malignancy. Also, laparotomy with staging the ovarian tumors was carried out including cytology of ascitic-fluid, cytology of diaphragm, ovarian cystectomy, biopsy of the paracolic gutter, exploring abdomen and pelvis. Histopathology report revealed mucinous cystadenoma. Moreover, according to the normal appearance of the appendix in this case, the appendectomy was not performed.
Ovarian cysts in young women who are associated with elevated levels of tumor markers and ascites require careful evaluation. Management of ovarian cysts depends on patient's age, size of the cyst, and its histopathological nature. Conservative surgery such as ovarian cystectomy or salpingo-oophorectomy is adequate in mucinous tumors of ovary. Multiple frozen sections are very important to know the malignant variation of this tumor and helps accurate patient management. Surgical expertise is required to prevent complications in huge tumors has distorted the anatomy, so gynecologic oncologist plays a prominent role in management. In this case, beside of the huge tumor and massive ascites uterine and ovaries were preserved by gynecologist oncologist and patient is well up to now.

Childhood obesity is a serious public health problem and epidemiological studies are important to identify predictive factors. It is the aim of this study to analyze birth weight as a predict factor of obesity among preschool children.
554 preschool children (4-6years-old) were selected by multistage random sampling from rural areas in Rasht. Data collected from health records of households of health systems and interview with parents. Weight and height of children was measured. We considered children with weight- for- height>/= 85th percentile to be overweight and weight- for- height>/= 95th percentile to be obese. Data Analysis was done with SPSS Software Ver. 16. ödescriptive statistics and X2 was used.
Overall, 256 children(46.4%) were boys, 37 (6.7%) of children were overweight and 36 (6.5%) of these were obese. At birth, 42(7.2%) of children were low birth weight and 28(5%) of them were high birth weight. There was a positive relation between birth weight and catch –up weigh in other periods of life but There were not any differences between overweigh and obesity rate with low birth weight, appropriate birth weight and high birth weight in children.
It seems that birth weight does not predict obesity in childhood and environmental factors have more power on obesity that must be noticed.

Excess weight is a major risk factor for a number of chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Once considered a problem only in developed countries, excess weight is now dramatically rising in developing countries. While most of the studies conducted on excess weight have concentrated on issues related to why people gain weight, there is little knowledge about what overweight people really experience in their daily lives. The aim of this study was to create an understanding of the real experience of obesity in women.
In this qualitative study conducted using interpretive phenomenological approach, 12 overweight women were purposefully selected. Data were collected during individual, semi-structured and deep interviews. The recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed by the Van Manen (2006) approach.
Life experiences of excess weight in women were summarized by a main theme: “The Hidden Trauma” and subthemes including: “offended of speaking”, “finger of accusation to weight” and “unequal opportunities”.
Findings of this study showed that most of the participants experienced negative feedbacks during their interactions with the society. The achievement of the present study was the fact that if overweight women experience negative feedbacks due to their weights in the society, especially through family members and health care providers, its negative outcomes prevents them from receiving health care services or participating in the society and also will cause lack of effective communication in the family. All the above factors have negative impacts on women’s health and consequently on families and the society. The way we interact with and give feedback towards these people is really important.

The high prevalence of obesity and overweightness has been a major focus during past decades.

This study assessed the prevalence of obesity/overweightness, its trend and related factors among adolescent students, in Mazandaran province.

In a descriptive study and using stratified, random sampling method, the students’ documents in the first degree of three educational levels; primary, lower secondary and upper secondary were assessed during 2005-2014 years. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated.  BMI Z-Score was categorized into three grades; normal (1≤z<- 2), over weight (1≤z<2), and obese (≥2). The prevalence of obesity at each level was investigated.

Based on BMI Z-score, 3.1%, 4%, and 2.9% of the sample popualtion at ages 7, 12 and 15 years were obese, respectively. Moreover, the rate of overweightness increased from 8.3% (98) at age 7 to 10.1% (121) and 10% (119) at ages 12 and 15 years, respectively. At the age of 15years, the rate of obesity and overweightness in girls was double that much of the boys (1.9% vs. 1.1% and 7% vs. 3%). There were no significant relationships between obesity/overweight and parent occupation and education, kind of school as well as students’ living places.

In this study, the prevalence of obesity in Mazandaran in comparison to national adolescents’ obesity was low but the prevalence of overweightness was high at each educational level. Intervention programs for the prevention of overweightness should be initiated at primary or secondary school ages. 

Conflict of interest: None declared.

Several cases have been reported to gain weight due to long-term treatment with propranolol. According to FDA, no case has been previously reported of sharp increase in gaining weight due to short-term treatment with low-dose propranolol. A 34-year-old woman with a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder was treated with sertraline (100 mg) which was taken twice daily (morning and evening). She was also given trazodone (50 mg) and haloperidol (0.5 mg) once daily. Four months after starting the treatment, she was also treated with propranolol (20 mg) twice daily due to akathisia and tremor. After a short period (two weeks), she was not willing to continue taking propranolol anymore and stopped using it because of uncontrollable overeating and weight gain (3kg). Restarting the drug again led to increased appetite. Despite the drug's effect on reducing total energy consumption and body's thermogenic response to food, it is believed that individual and unique properties may also affect the metabolism.

Aim and A child ADHD is one of the most common child psychiatric disorders. Lack of drug treatment of the before mentioned disorder may leads to various problems in children because of weight gain. Methods and Materials: Methodology used in this research is quasi-experimental intervention study which has done by using two experimental and control groups. Our research population was the boys and girls came to behavioral scientific center of Khorshid hospital in Esfahan. Our samples were selected from the children with ADHD problems based on the DS IM-TR criterion and definite diagnostics through clinical interview by child and adolescent psychiatrists (TR) with the age of 6 to 12 which were treated by risperidone with the dozes of 0. 5،2 and 3 mg and they were at the beginning of their treatment. 60 persons were selected in a simple random method and divided into two groups and the basic weight evaluation، daily medical treatments، written suggestions for weight loss which has given to both groups. Moreover 8 hourly sessions were done twice a week for a period of one month for using Kinect-Xbox gaming console. After a one month interval، the weight for both groups were recorded and evaluated once more. Research data were analyzed with the use of covariance analysis. Effects of gaming console has succeeded to make weight loss in children as well as stopping to use these may lead to weight gain in them. for p<0. 01. Considering the comparison between the 1st and 2nd month weight measurement in experiment group which were less than the amounts were recorded for the control group and the comparison between 1st and 2nd month reveals that the weight of the 2nd month were more than the 1st month. Regarding to the secondary findings of sex and type characteristics، it was not made a meaningful different between two groups. findings from this research reviles that gaming consoles have roles for controlling the procedure of changing weight with obese children with ADHD disorders because of using drug treatments.

Human milk contains a wide variety of proteins that contribute to its unique qualities. Many of these proteins are digested and provide amino acids profile to rapidly growing infants. This study was carried out to determine the milk protein and infants'' weight gain referring to the health care centers in Rafsanjan in 2006. In this cross-sectional study conducted in 2006، 221 infants aged 1. 5 or 3 months who were breast fed and 50 formula fed infants، in the same age، were selected consecutively among those referred to seven Health Centers of Rafsanjan city for growth monitoring and immunization. Individual questioner was completed. Infants'' weight and height were measured and compared to the curve of NCHS (National Center for Health Statistics). The mothers were asked to exploit 4 ml of their milk in a test tube. Protein concentration was then measured using the modified Bradford assay. Other required information was collected through questionnaires. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests، chi-square test، and one-way ANOVA. Findings revealed amount of Breast milk protein is 10. 87±3. 12 g/L. The average weight gain among breastfed infants (both sex and age groups) were more than formula fed infants (p<0. 001). Furthermore، comparing weight gain relative to birth weight among the two groups was shown that breast fed infants had a significant increase in weight than the formula fed counterparts (p<0. 05). Results showed that balance of amino acids and proteins component in mother’s milk can lead to suitable growth among breast fed infants.

In previous studies، the relationship between body mass index (BMI)، weight gain during pregnancy، pregnancy outcome and preterm delivery is inconsistent. The aim of this study was to determine the association between body mass index and weight gain during pregnancy with preterm delivery. This analytical study was performed in Qazvin province during 2010 and 2011. 1650 pregnant woman aged 18 to 35 years old with gestational age less than 12 weeks were selected. 274 subjects were excluded due to underlying diseases، premature rupture of membrane (PROM) or incomplete prenatal care. Body Mass Index (BMI) were measured. Weight gain during pregnancy and preterm labor (before 37 weeks of gestation) were documented. Data were analyzed by T-Test and Chi-square test. The incidence of preterm delivery in women with lower BMI was higher than other pregnant women، but the difference was not statistically significant. The incidence of preterm delivery in normal weight and overweight women with weight gain during pregnancy less than recommended was higher than others (P=0. 02، P=0. 01). Our results in this study showed the BMI and weight gain during pregnancy were significant in predicting preterm delivery. This study showed that there is an association between BMI and abnormal weight gain during pregnancy with preterm delivery. Therefore، education programs، health services and nutrition consultation are recommended for women in reproductive age.

Optimal entral feeding methods in preterm infants have not been well defined. Controversy exists regarding when feedings should be started، whether minimal entral feedings should be used routinely in small preterm infants، and how fast to advance entral feedings. Preterm infants can exhibit delayed gastric emptying and often have feeding residuals. So، entral feedings are frequently advanced slowly in these neonates. However، recent data challenged this idea. The goal of this study was to compare outcomes of different feeding volumes advancing in preterm infants. Methods & Materials: In this controlled randomized clinical trial، 140 preterm infants with gestation age 30-34 weeks were enrolled in Tabriz Alzahra Teaching Hospital in a 12-month period of time. They randomized in three groups; feeding of milk advanced at 20ml/kg/day (group one، 60 neonates)، feeding of milk advanced at 24ml/kg/day (group two، 40 neonates)، and feeding of milk advanced at 30ml/kg/day (group three، 40 neonates). Outcomes were compared between the three groups. Weight gain was not significantly different between the three groups in a 7-day period. Age of commencement of oral intake، time to achieve the milk volume of 150ml/kg، duration of intravenous fluid therapy، duration of antibiotic therapy، total hospital stay، time to achieve the birth weight، NPO duration، full entral feeding time، duration of oxygen need and duration of mechanical ventilation were all significantly better in the third group comparing with the first one. This condition was present for the second group comparing with the first group except for the age of commencement of oral intake and NPO duration. The condition was better in the third group comparing with the second group regarding the time to achieve the milk volume of 150ml/kg and full entral feeding time. The complications were minimal in all neonates. Increase of entral feeding at a rate of 30ml/kg/day is safe and superior to 20ml/kg/day and 24ml/kg/day in preterm infants. It is necessary future studies with large number of patients before recommendation of this increase rate for entral feeing.

Self-efficacy beliefs are the predicting indices of a wide range of health behaviors. The present study was conducted to study the relationship between weight-efficacy of life style and overweight and obesity. In this case-control study, 101 individuals with BMI ≥ 25 as the obese group and 101 persons with BMI between 18-25 as the normal group were selected using convenience sampling from among the administrative staff in Zahedan University of Medical Sciences in 1391. Data was gathered using the "Weight-Efficacy of Life style questionnaire", the reliability of which had been evaluated by test–retest and its validity was assessed using different methods such as factor analysis, convergent and divergent validity. Data were analyzed by spss software (version 15) and using t test, ANOVA and logistic regression tests. Mean scores of Weight-Efficacy of Life style in three settings of social pressure, access to food and positive emotions in the obese group were higher than those of the normal group. Weight- Efficacy of Life style in the obese group compared to the normal weight individuals is low, especially in the three settings of social pressure, access to food and positive emotions. Enhancing and supporting the self efficacy in weight loss programs seem to be of crucial importance.

Barberry (Berberis vulgaris L. family Berberidaceae) is well known in Iran, and various parts of this plant including its root, bark, leaf and fruit have been used in folk medicine. There are evidences that this plant contains several antibacterial agents and has been used as a food additive. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Berberis vulgaris root powder in the diets of broiler chickens on growth performance. One hundred thirty Arbor Acers day old chicks from both sexes (mean of Body weight: 40 g) were divided into two equal groups in a completely randomized design. Dried roots of Berberis vulgaris were powdered and added to the ration of experimental group at a rate of 1%. The measured traits in this study were: live body weight, feed consumption and eventual side effects (gross and histopathological lesions). Tissue samples of heart, liver and skeletal muscles were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin for histopathologic examination. Data were analyzed by two independent sample t-test, using SPSS/PC software. At six weeks of age, there was a significant and greater weight gain in chickens of experimental group (means ± S.D in experimental groups was 1822.2 ± 75.1 g versus 1662.8 ± 85.2 g in control group) (p≤0.05). On the basis of the results, addition of 1% Berberis vulgaris root powder exerts a positive effect on live body weight, reduce FCR and has no particular pathological effect, either macroscopic or microscopic, on the birds.

Overweight and obesity increasing world wide because of changing life style and dietary habits. Diet therapy plays an important role to prevent obesity outcomes. The aim of this study was determining the effects of diet therapy on weight reduction and fitness.

A clinical trial study was conducted using convenient sampling method and 216 subjects (190 female and 26 male) were recruited using BMI > 27 cut-off. After primary examinations all subjects received a low calorie diet for six months. Weight, height, BMI, percent of body fat, fat free mass and total body water were determined and body composition were measured and recorded following six months nutritional intervention. Data was analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA.

The mean age of participants was 37.5+12.1 in women and 38.18+15.3 year in men. There was significant weight reduction between admission and six months after treatment 84.7+17.9 vs. 77.3+3.2kg (p

The effect of touch on growth of newborns has been achieved by educated staff, but touch therapy by mothers as the most important care provider for their infants, had not been focused in previous studies. The aim of this work was to study effect of touch therapy by mothers on weight gaining of preterm newborns. In a randomized controlled trail and double blind study, 60 preterm newborns who discharged from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to home, randomly allocated to control and touch therapy group (30 newborns in each group). Touch therapy was educated to mother in a direct education, also with offering guide booklet to the mothers. Touch was provided for three 20 minute period per day, until term corrected age. Neonate weight in two groups was measured at the time of discharge and then at the term corrected age by the electronic weighing scale with an accuracy of ± 10 gr. In two groups, mean of age, kind of delivery, level of education, employment and socio-economic status in mothers, also weight, sex and other neonate characteristics had no statistical differences. At the term corrected age, interventional group showed a weight gain of 10 g/day (30%) more than control, which was statistically significant (31 g/day vs 21 g/day) (P=0. 04). An important aspect of this study is that all stimulations were provided by mothers which had positive impact for preterm newborns, So, education of touch therapy to mothers can be recommended before discharge of pre-term newborns.