جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « تمرینات ثبات مرکزی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common type of scoliosis and the most complex deformity of the spine and trunk with significant complications. In this systematic review, the effectiveness of core stability exercises (CSE) in improving this disorder is discussed.

This review was carried out using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist. Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, Cobb angles, and core stability exercise were our search terms in PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. The search was limited to articles published in Persian and English between 2005 and 2022. Researches on AIS carried out in adolescents aged 10-18 were studied. In one of the groups, only CSE was done and the size of Cobb's angle (an indicator of the severity of scoliosis) was used as one of the dependent variables. The PEDro scale was used to evaluate the quality of articles in terms of risk of bias.

In initial search, 268 articles were found. After removing irrelevant articles and those that did not met the study’s inclusion criteria and also qualitative evaluation of the remaining articles, seven articles with an average PEDro score of 6.2 (moderate quality), including 297 participants, were selected. A statistically significant decrease was reported in the Cobb angle in all articles, but only in four articles this decrease was clinically significant (greater than 5˚).

CSE are safe, easy and accessible that can be effective in improving AIS, but there is not sufficient evidence to support this hypothesis. Further high-quality studies are required to draw a definite conclusion and making clinical decisions.

The patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most common diseases of the knee joint that causes pain, dysfunction, and reduces the quality of life in the elderly. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of core exercise stability and strength training of hip abductors with mobilization exercise on pain, functional disability, and quality of life in elderly patients with PFPS.

Twenty elderly male patients with PFPS were purposefully selected and randomly and equally divided into two groups of central stability training group (age 63.7 ± 3.19 years, height 173.1 ± 6.2, weight 76.8 ± 7.92 kg) and mobilization exercise group (age 65.2 ± 3.22 years, height 174.3 ± 7.64, weight 77.5 ± 7.98 kg) were located. The first experimental group performed core stability exercises and strengthening the hip muscles for six weeks (three sessions, 45 minutes each session), and the second group performed mobilization exercises during the same period. Before and after the training protocol, the research variables were measured by using questionnaires for pain intensity (visual analogue scale), functional disability, and quality of life. For data analysis, repeated measures ANOVA with a significance level of p= 0.05 was used.

The results of this study showed a significant decrease in pain factors, functional disability, and quality of life in the groups of core stability exercises and strengthening the hip flexor muscles (p<0.05) and a significant decrease in pain intensity, performance, and quality in the mobilization training group. The number of variables in the two groups was not significant. But the effect size indicated that the exercises for core stability and strengthening of the hip flexor muscles were better in all variables (p>0.05).

According to the results obtained from this study, it can be concluded that core stabilization exercises, strengthening hip abductor muscles, and mobilization exercises decrease pain and functional disability and increase quality of life. So, it is possible to use each exercise as a training method in the rehabilitation program of elderly patients with patellofemoral pain.

 Study on the effectiveness of new methods of low back pain treatment is very important due to its high prevalence. There is no consensus on the most effective treatment for low back pain, despite the existence of different treatments options.

 This study aims to assess the effect of 8 weeks of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) and core stability (CS) exercises on pain, hamstring flexibility, balance, abdominal muscle strength, and quality of life (QoL) in men with chronic low back pain.

 Participants were 20 men with non-specific low back pain, randomly divided into two groups of DNS (Age=47.8±9.82 years, BMI=25.8±2.9 kg/m2) and CS (Age=42.4±11.8 years, BMI=28.1±13.1 kg/m2). Subjects performed exercises for 8 weeks. Before and after exercises, their pain, hamstring flexibility, static and dynamic balances, abdominal muscle strength, and QoL were assessed. For data analysis, the paired t-test and analysis of covariance were used, considering a significance level of P<0.05.

 Both training methods improved pain, abdominal muscle strength and static balance. The CS exercise significantly improved hamstring muscle flexibility, and DNS exercise significantly improved QoL. The comparison between the two methods showed no significant difference in any study variables.

 Both CS and DNS exercises can be used in designing the interventions for patients with chronic low back pain.

Low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders. Exercise therapy is one of the most common treatments for low back pain. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of 6-week core stability exercises on disability and dynamic balance in women with non-specific chronic low back pain.

This controlled clinical trial with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design was performed on 24 women with non-specific chronic low back pain within the age range of 30-50 years. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Oswestry Disability Index and Biodex stability system were used to assess disability and dynamic balance indices (overall, anterior-posterior, medial-lateral indices, and limit of stability), respectively. Core stability exercise sessions were held for the experimental group three times per week for 6 weeks and the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed by using mixed analysis of variance repeated measure at a significance level of P ≤ 0.05.

The results showed that core stability exercises led to a significant increase in the limit of stability and a significant decrease in disability and overall, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral dynamic postural stability indexes (P≤0.05). Moreover, significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding all outcome measures after the intervention. Besides, there was a significant difference between pre-test and follow-up stages in terms of outcome measures (P≤0.05).

According to findings, the core stability exercises resulted in considerable improvements in disability and balance in women with non-specific chronic low back pain.

Finding the best way for improving performance is one of the most critical aims of sport activities. So the aim of this study was the comparison of the immediate pre-competition message, core stability exercises and combination of them on performance in elite women karate player.

This was a semi-experimental study (pre and post-test). 60 elite women karate player involved in this study and randomly divided into 4 groups (ie sport massage group, Core stability exercises, combined and control (number of each group was 15). The massage group received one session of sport massage, and core stability group performed one session of core stability exercise and the mixed group performed both of this intervention. Before and after applying interventions, performances were tested by the following tests: Y balance test, Triple Hop and Figure-eight Hop tests. ANCOVA and paired t-test were used to examine the differences between groups.

The results show that all three intervention groups reach a significant improvement in all performance tests (p<0.05). Also, between three interventions' effect, the most improvement was found in the mixed group, Massage and core stability exercise group, respectively.

finally results of this study show that combined training (i.e. Massage therapy and core training) has the best way to improve karate players' performance, so coaches and trainers should pay more attention to them during training sessions.

Core stability and strengthening core stability muscles have become one of the new topics in the field of sports medicine. The present study aims to compare the effects of eight weeks of TRX and CXWORX exercises on core endurance, trunk muscle strength, and dynamic balance of female college students.

This quasi-experiment study was conducted on 30 young healthy female college students. They were randomly divided into two experimental groups of TRX (n=10), CXWORX (n=10) and one control group (n=10). In the pre-test phase, trunk muscle strength was evaluated by sit-up test, dynamic balance by Y-balance test, and core endurance by McGill core endurance test. Then, experimental groups performed eight weeks of selected training program, 3 sessions per week, while the control group was asked to do their daily activities. After intervention, the three groups underwent post-test assessments. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to investigate the normality of data distribution, and repeated measured ANOVA was used to compare data. The significance level was set at P≤0.05.

Both TRX and CXWORX had a positive effect on the participants’ trunk muscle strength, core endurance, and dynamic balance such that their mean scores increased after training. The TRX group performed better than the CXWORX group in all study variables (P≤0.05), except for the Y balance at the anterior direction.

Both TRX and CXWORX exercises have positive effects on the trunk muscle strength, core endurance, and dynamic balance of female college students, where the effect of TRX was greater. Therefore, occupational therapists and trainers are recommended to use both exercises, especially TRX to improve core muscle strength and endurance.

Lumbar disc herniation is the most common specific cause of chronic low back pain and exercise therapy is one of the goals of its management. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of core stability exercises on activation of abdominal muscles and flexibility of lumbar in men with disc herniation.

The subjects of this clinical trial study were 20 young and middle-aged men with lumbar disc herniation referred to physiotherapy in rasht in first half of year 1399 who were randomly divided into two groups of core stability exercises (n=10) and control (n=10). The electrical activity of the internal oblique, external oblique, and rectus abdominis muscles was measured by electromyography and abdominal muscle strength by straight leg raising test and flexibility by sit and reach test. Training protocol of intervention group included 8 weeks of core stability exercise, while the control group was only followed up. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t test an analysis of covariance test with SPSS software.

Activation of 3 muscles and strength and flexibility after 8 week of exercise had a significant improvement(p<0/05)but changes were not significant in control group. However, analysis of covariance showed a difference between two groups in activation of all three muscles and flexibility(p<0/05)But no significant difference was observed in muscle strength.

Our findings showed, people with disc herniation experience greater activation, strength, and flexibility in trunk muscles after core stability exercise thus can be considered in rehabilitation.

The core muscles of trunk are activated before movements of upper and lower limbs. Current evidence suggests that lose of stability in core region predisposes to second injury and appropriate exercise may reduce the risk of reinjury. This aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks core stability exercises on dynamic balance, function and strength in athletes. after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

This study was a randomized clinical trial. 26 athletes with a history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were purposefully selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups.the experimental group performed core stability exercises for eight weeks and the control group performed their daily exercises. Dynamic balance, isometric strength and function were meaured using Y balance test, hand held dynamometer and hop tests. Data were analyzed using SPSS vrsion16 software. Independent t-test was used to compare demographic characteristics and Mixed Repeated Measures ANOVA was used to compare the means of the two groups (p≤.05).

The results of the present study showed significant improvement in dynamic balance (F=143.92, P=0.000), single-leg hop (F=68.25, P=0.000), triple hop (F=14.02, P= 0.001), knee flexor strength (F=50.21, P=0.000) and knee extensor strength (F=54.72, P=0.000) in the experimental group after eight weeks of core stability exercises.

Based on the results of present study, it is suggested to the specialists and trainers involed in the rehabilitation of athletes to use comprehensive and useful core stabilization exercises in the rehabilitation stages of knee injuries.

Falling is a serious concern among elderly which have made a lot of discussions between gerontologists and physical therapists. Falling is common, dangerous, and costly among the elderly population. Fear of falling again among elderly faller leads to decrease self-confidence, loss of life quality, and inability. The purpose of this study was to find the effects of core stability exercise on balance and functional mobility among elderly with a history of falling.

Thirty elderly people with a history of falling were randomly divided into control (n = 15) and experimental (n = 15) groups. The experimental group performed a 40-minute core stability exercise for eight weeks and three sessions per week. Before and after eight weeks of exercise program, static balance with open and closed eyes, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test for dynamic balance, and 10-meter walking were taken in both groups. The control group only have the daily activities. The two-way ANOVA test was used to compare the mean differences between groups.

Central stability training had a significant effect on static balance with open and closed eye, TUG, and 10-meter walking (P = 0.001). The control group did not show a significant effect on the factors of static balance with open eyes, static balance of closed eyes, TUG, and 10-meter walking. Following training period, the experimental group showed significantly better status in all variables compared to control group (0.91 ≤ η2</sup> ≤ 0.94, P = 0.001).

It seems that strengthening the muscles in the central area of the body leads to maintaining balance in the elderly during daily activities. Since independency is very important in people with a history of falling, it can improve their independence and active participation by performing these exercises as simple, low-cost, and appropriate activities for home exercise.

Hearing impairment is the most common sensory–neurological defect in individuals. Core stability is the motor control and muscle capacity of the central area of the body to maintain stability in various postures and external forces. Total Resistance Exercise (TRE) is often used to improve muscle strength and performance in athletes, the rehabilitation of orthopedic diseases, and prevent muscle weakness. An essential factor in preserving the posture in individuals with hearing impairment is to reduce the level of imbalance. Due to reduced balance in this population and the lack of research on TRE, this study aimed to compare the effects of 8 weeks of suspended training and core stability training on the trunk flexor and extensor muscles endurance in adolescents with hearing impairment.

This was a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest design. The statistical population of the study included all hearing–impaired students in Bandar Abbas City, Iran. Considering the limited size of the population, 12 students with severe hearing impairment were selected as the statistical sample of the study, whose extent of hearing impairment ranged between 71 dB and 90 dB. These students were purposively selected and divided into two groups of 10 by simple random sampling method, as follows: the group of suspended exercises (n=10; mean±SD age=14.91±1.24 years) and a core stability exercise group (n=10; mean±SD age=14.66±1.23 years). The inclusion criteria of the study were male gender (due to their availability, compared to girls), the age of 12–14 years, and no sports background. The exclusion criterion of the study was not to practice and leave the training sessions. In this study, Biering–Sorenson Test and Sit Ups Test were used before and after 8 weeks of training in the research groups. Experimental group 1 performed a weekly TRX training program and experimental group 2 performed core stability exercises under an instructor for 8 weeks and three 40–min weekly sessions. Then, after completing the training, the posttest phase was performed. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study variables. Inferential statistics, including the Independent Samples t–test and Dependent Samples t–test, were applied in SPSS to compare the mean scores of the study variables between the study groups. The significance level of the tests was considered 0.05.

The mean±SD pretest and posttest sit–ups in the TRX exercise group equaled 15.67±4.69 and 21.58±6.28 times per minute, respectively. TRX exercises were effective in increasing the sit–ups (p<0.001). The mean±SD pretest and posttest sit–ups in the core stability exercises group were measured as 16.41±4.75 and 23.41±5.45, in sequence. Core stability exercises were effective in increasing the sit–ups (p<0.001). Concerning an increase in the strength of the trunk muscles, there was no significant difference between the exercise methods (p=0.313). Furthermore, the mean±SD Sorenson test time in the TRX exercise group was 33.41±7.9 seconds before the intervention and 39.25±6.62 seconds after the intervention. The method of TRX exercises was effective in increasing the time of trunk flexor muscle endurance (p<0.001). The mean Biering–Sorenson Test time in the core stability group at pretest and posttest was 31.58±9.25 seconds and 37.75±6.95 seconds, respectively. The core stability exercises effectively increased the time of trunk flexor muscle endurance (p<0.001). The exercise methods' performance respecting increasing the time of the trunk flexor muscle endurance revealed no significant difference between the research methods (p=0.251). 

According to the present study findings, participation in 8 weeks of core stability exercises and suspension exercises increased the endurance of trunk flexor and extensor muscles in hearing–impaired adolescents; there was no significant difference between the exercise groups.

Patients with chronic renal failure suffer physical and physiological constraints as a result of the hemodialysis process and lack of mobility. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of selected core stability exercises on the pain, fatigue and physical performance in elderly hemodialysis patients.

In this quasi-experimental study, 30 hemodialysis man patients with a mean age (62.246.51 years), history of dialysis (29.418.44 months) and dialysis three times a week were selected by available manner and randomly were divided into exercise (n=15) and control group (n=15). Pain, fatigue and physical performance of the patients was measured before and after the training program with VAS questionnaire, FSS questionnaire and two minute walk tests. Patient in the experimental group were done modified core stabilization exercises for 6 weeks, 45-minute three sessions in week. To analyze the data, variance analysis was used to measure the repeated values at the significance level (p0.05).

The results indicated that the changes and interactions of the two variables of pain (F=24.61, P=0.001), Fatigue (F=41.03, P=0.001) and the physical function (F=83.07, P=0.001) were significant in the experimental group after exercise. Also in the experimental group, showed significant improvement in the pain, fatigue and physical performance (p<0/05), compared to the control group.

According to mobility constraints and aggravation of patients' problems in sport strategies based on lower extremity, the selected core stability exercises were an effective and suitable option for elderly hemodialysis in reducing the pain, fatigue and improving physical function, this type of exercise can be used as a non-pharmaceutical strategy by therapists and care staff.

The core stability exercises, as a new training method, have a great influence on the muscles of the abdominal and lumbar regions, related to the childhood motor development. In the present study, the effect of core stability exercise on the gross motor skills among 8-year-old girls with delayed motor development was studied.

A semi-experimental study with pre-test-post-test design was conducted on 20 female students (mean 8.05±0.02), selected based on the test of gross motor development scores measured via Ulrich test, and randomly assigned to experimental (n= 10) and control (n= 10) groups. The experimental group performed core stability exercises for eight weeks (three sessions of 45 minutes per week), and the control group did not receive any training program. After the training sessions, both groups performed the test of gross motor development and the data were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance at 95% confidence level.

The results showed a significant improvement in locomotor skills subscale of experimental group in the post-test (18.90±2.42) compared to the pretest scores (13.50±0.97) and the control group post-test scores (14.30±1.06). The same results were obtained for object control skills subscale and motor quotient score, so the object control skills in experimental group in the post-test (18.48±1.84) improved significantly compared to the pretest (13.10±1.20) and it was significantly higher than the level of skills in the control group in the post-test (14.30 ± 1.25). Also, there was a significant improvement in motor quotient score of the experimental group in the post-test (37.20±2.74) compared to the pretest (26.66 ± 1.49), and it was significantly better than the level of motor quotient of the control group in the post-test (28.60±1.83).

Based on the evidence, play-based core stability exercises can improve gross motor skills in eight-year-old girls with delay motor development.