جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « حس چشایی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Considering the increasing incidence of Covid-19, recognizing the clinical features of this disease, including the identification of the first symptom of the disease and smell, taste and their affecting factors, seems to be an effective step in early diagnosis of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of olfactory and taste disorders and its related factors in definitive patients with COVID-19.

This study is a case series study in which 158 patients with Covid-19 were included in the study. The data are based on a researcher-made checklist and completed with the examination of an ENT specialist. After entering the data into SPSS-21 software, central indices and dispersion were calculated and examined the relationships between variables with chi-square, t test and Regression.

In these study, olfactory disorders were observed in 37 patients (23.4%) and taste disorders in 47 patients (29.7%). first symptom appeared in 66 cases (41.8%) fever, 31 cases (19.6%) cough, 27 cases (17.1%) sore throat, in 20 cases (12.7%) olfactory, 9 cases (5.7%) taste disorders, Three cases (1.9%) were reported decreased level of consciousness and two cases (1.3%) nausea.

In this study, COVID 19 patients showed a wide range of clinical and nonspecific symptoms, which seems to be one of the significant clinical manifestations of olfactory and taste disorders that may occur before any other symptoms in patients. Therefore, considering the importance of isolating patients to prevent disease transmission is better to give the necessary training and advice to the community.

Dry mouth is one of the most common complications during menopause that affects quality of life as well as oral tissue dysfunction. The aim of this study was to compare the unstimulated salivary flow rate and oral symptoms between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. This case-control study was conducted in 80 healthy women including 40 postmenopausal women as case group and 40 over 30-year-old premenopausal women as control group. Data were collected through a questionnaire including demographics, oral symptoms and examination. The subjects were asked to avoid eating and drinking 90 minutes before examination. The unstimulated salivary flow rate was measured by spitting method in milliliters per minute. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, Mann Whitney U test, T-test, and Spearman correlation coefficient. The mean unstimulated saliva was 0.182 ± 0.149 ml/min and 0.304 ± 0.129 ml/min in postmenopausal and premenopausal women, respectively and the difference was statistically significant. The prevalence of dry mouth was 45% in postmenopausal women and was 12.5% in premenopausal women. Burning sensation in mouth and change in taste sensation were 27.5% and 5% in postmenopausal women and were 2.5% and 0% in premenopausal women. There was negative significant correlation between the unstimulated salivary flow rate and age. The unstimulated salivary flow rate decreases after menopause. Oral symptoms are more prevalent in this period compared to before menopause. These differences may be due to hormonal changes (decreased estrogen and progesterone) during menopause.

Diabetes mellitus is a famous metabolic disease with many serious complications. Some studies have documented taste changes in patients with diabetes mellitus and researchers evaluated the change in sweet taste perception in these patients but because of diabetes neuropathy, there is possibility to change in the perception of all four primary tastes. The purpose of this study was to determine the threshold for primary senses of tastes in diabetic patients in comparison with non-diabetics. This single-blind case-control study was implemented on ninety-six diabetic patients who attended Kerman Shahid Bahonar hospital and 99 healthy volunteers for detection of taste sensitivity for four primary tastes. Taste thresholds were detected by whole mouth taste method and use of five concentrations for each taste. The data were analyzed by Mann-whitney and spearman's tests. Statistical analyses indicate taste threshold measured for each taste yielded normal range for all tastes in diabetic group (0.032 molar for sucrose, 0.032 for sodium chloride, 0.001 molar for citric acid and 0.00001 molar for quinine hydrochloride) but there was a significant difference in perception of sweet taste between two groups (p=0.002). Also there was a significant relationship between perception of bitter taste and gender and age in diabetic group (p=0.019, p=0.047). Decreased sweet taste sensitivity may result in an increased preference for glucose in diabetic patients and may contribute to increased sugar use between them and leading to poor prognosis of the disease.