جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "حمایت تغذیه ای" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Aim:

 The aim of this literature review was to investigate the importance of adherence to diet in and nutritional recommendations for patient after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Background:

 Nutritional patterns after heart surgery are among the most important aspects of care that is provided by the nurse. Due to the importance of this issue, various studies have been conducted to focus on principles of proper nutrition after coronary artery bypass graft surgery and the necessary recommendations.

Method:

The present review study was conducted through searching out databases and search engines Pub Med, SID, MagIran, Web of Sciences, Cochrane Library, CINHAL, OVID, Up-to-date, and Scopus without time limit using the keywords Coronary artery bypass graft surgery, Adherence to nutrition therapy, Cardiovascular disease, Survival rate, Complications of heart disease and nursing care, Diet, and Nutritional support. Out of a total of 103 articles, 65 articles with accessible full text entered the qualitative review stage, of which 51 articles entered the literature review.

Findings:

The use of appropriate dietary approach such as consumption of fruits and vegetables, nuts and nuts, consumption of dairy products, fish and cooked and steamed foods should be the first priority of patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. They should avoid of fried and processed materials as much as possible.

Conclusion:

Nurseschr('39') familiarity with the principles of nutrition and providing nutritional solutions, based on the latest guidelines published, to patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery plays an important role in reducing complications and readmission of patients.

Refeeding syndrome (RFS) is comprised of severe electrolyte disturbances and metabolic abnormalities that occur after the reinstitution of nutrition to starved patients.
This prospective study was conducted on patients aged over 18 years who were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Taleghani and Emam hospitals in Urmia, Iran, during the first half of 2017. The included participants had the ICU stay of more than 48 h, were kept on nil per os, and were under nutritional support. The patients’ serum levels of phosphorus, magnesium, and potassium were measured on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th days of hospital stay. The frequency of RFS, hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, and the short-term outcomes of patients were obtained and compared. The patients with acute and chronic renal failure, cancer, previous gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases, and electrolyte disorder were excluded from the study.
The mean length of ICU stay and duration of mechanical ventilation were 35 and 28.5 days, respectively. The frequency of mortality among the patients was 36.96% (n=95). Furthermore, RFS, hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia had the frequencies of 13.23%, 25.7%, 21.4%, and 37.7%, respectively. There were significant differences between the patients with RFS and those without RFS in terms of the body mass index, duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU length of stay, and mortality (P In this study, despite the differences of our findings with those of the literature, the frequency of electrolyte disturbances during the onset of re-feeding was within an acceptable range.

Patients who cannot consume food may need intestinal formulas as a supplement. Now the question is: to what extent do the current formulas contain various micronutrients? What are their deficiencies and what supplements are needed to be prescribed with them? The current study was done in 2011 and assessed the efficiency of the amount of nutrients in the formulas, along with presenting some protocols to complete various industrial formulas within different amounts of calorie intake using different types of multivitamins and minerals, regarding the DRI value and the least cost. The study was done using the descriptive method. The intestinal formulas assessed include: diabetic enteramil, HN enteramil, standard enteramil, Nutricomp’s Energy, Fiber D, Intensive, Standard and Ensure. First we calculated the amount of micronutrients in 100 calories of these formulas according to the brochure of the product. Then we calculated the least amount of required calorie to meet the DRI for all nutrients and considered some supplements to meet all nutrients for each calorie level while not exceeding UL. Eight formulas which were available in Iran were studied. The most deficiencies of micronutrients were found in sodium, potassium, Vitamin D, manganese, magnesium, Vitamin K, and Fluor. The least deficiencies were found in Vitamins B, A, and E. The supplements most used are Centrum multivitamins, Vitamin K injections, Calcium D pills, salt, sulfate vials, magnesium, potassium chloride, and tea. The intestinal formulas available in Iran lack micronutrients in various calorie Intake levels; because the calorie estimated for each patient is less than the amount of calorie needed to meet the nutrients needed. Therefore consuming these formulas without the required supplements might be a concernment. Studying the causes and necessary actions is recommended.