جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « خارمریم » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

One of the important and common problems of mothers after giving birth is insufficient milk production. To increase it, due to the side effects of chemical drugs that increase milk, medicinal plants have become more popular. In recent years, with the clarification of the need for evidence-based clinical practice, quality and appropriate information is needed. The present study aims to review the results of clinical trials on the effect of milk thistle in increasing breast milk volume.

In this systematic review study, the search for the effects of milk thistle in increasing breast milk volume was conducted in Magiran, MedLib, SID, and IranMedex using the keywords milk thistle, silymarin, milky plants. The search for clinical trials was conducted in EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, and ProQuest using the keywords Milk thistle, Silybum marianum, Silymarin Silybin, breast milk production, herbal galactagogues, increase breast milk, and Clinical trial. The publication year was 2005-2020. The criteria for excluding articles were: Unavailability of full texts, irrelevant results, pilot studies, case reports, review studies, and animal studies. Data analysis was done qualitatively.

Initial search yielded 624 records. Of these, 4 eligible articles with a sample size of 294 were selected and reviewed. All studies showed that milk thistle plant had a positive effect on increasing milk volume. In these studies, no serious side effects from the consumption of this plant were reported.

Milk thistle plant increases milk production in new mothers. The number of studies in this field is low, especially in Iran, which has a long history in traditional medicine and use of herbal medicine. More studies are needed in this field.

In addition to free radicals such as Nitric Oxide (NO), inflammation is one of the most important pathophysiological causes of peritonitis. Over thousands of years, Nigella Sativa (NS) and Silybum Marianum (SM) are two plants known for their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of its compound is unclear. Thus, in this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of NS and SM extracts and their combination on inflammatory diseases like thioglycollate peritoneal.

Alcoholic extracts of SM and NS were obtained by the soxhlet method. Male Balb/C mice were divided into 5 groups and gavage orally for 14 days with SM, NS, the mixture of extracts of these two, DMSO 30% as the control group, and dexamethasone as the positive control group. The safety profile and acute toxicity in mice were assessed. On day 10, acute peritonitis was induced by thioglycollate 3%. Finally, the total anti-oxidant power and NO concentration were measured by FRAP and Griess method, respectively, in the serum of treated mice.

All experimental process was performed following the guidelines according to the Animal Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (IR.ARAKMU.REC.1397.359).

 Acute toxicity test showed no significant changes in weight and physical appearance of the mice. However, the extract and their mixture decreased NO level significantly (P=0.000) in serum. Also, the mixture significantly increased total anti-oxidant power (P=0.015).

 Results showed that the SM and NS extract mixture demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting inflammatory mediators such as NO and increasing anti-oxidant power, thus supporting its therapeutic potential in slowing down inflammatory processes in inflammation disorders.

 Strenuous exercise, particularly eccentric contractions can lead to exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of garlic and silybum marianum supplements with incremental training on some serum indicators of muscle and liver damage in wrestlers.

Thirty wrestlers with selectivly and random were divided into 3 groups of 10 participants: "Exercise with garlic supplement, exercise with silybum marianum supplement, and placebo with training". Written consents were received from everyone. Garlic and silybum marianum supplements each day three times at 300 mg for four weeks. In the baseline, pre-test and post test 24h after practice, the vessel with the same training volume of the venous blood sample was taken. Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) enzymes were measured using autoanalyzer and kit. Data were analyzed using repeated measures and ANOVA.

The levels of AST, CPK, and ALT in garlic and silybum marianum group was lower than placebo group and statistical results showed significant differences between groups. LDH levels in garlic group were significantly decreased compared to placebo and silybum marianum group. Garlic and silybum marianum supplementation significantly reduced LDH, AST, CPK, and ALT.

According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that long-term exercise can lead to decrease in serum markers of muscle and liver injury, but garlic and silybum marianum supplements can better counteract the enzymes produced in 24 hours after practice.