جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « سلکوکسیب » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

To date, much has been reported about the cardiovascular toxicity of NSAIDs, and often conflicting results have been obtained, particularly for aspirin and naproxen, as well as similar results for patients taking ibuprofen. To date, clinical research on the effect of NSAIDs in cardiovascular patients has been limited to pilot studies of flurbiprofen, meloxicam, and parecoxib/valdecoxib. The mechanism of cardiovascular action of aspirin, naproxen, and other non-selective NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors is still debated. Although non-selective NSAIDs inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, selective COX-2 inhibitors, including lumiracoxib, have no effect on COX-1 at therapeutic concentrations. The primary hypothesis explaining the increased risk of cardiovascular disease with COX-2 inhibitors is that the inhibitor of this enzyme causes an imbalance and consequently the accumulation of platelets due to COX-1, while the production of COX-2-dependent prostacyclin is inhibited by endothelial cells, which can act on blood vessels. Inhibition of COX by NSAIDs leads to a reduction in the systemic vasodilation effect of prostaglandins such as PG I2, PG E2, and group (CINOD), which are prescribed for the treatment of patients with OA and are more useful in order to reduce CVD complications compared to NSAIDs. A lot of clinical and experimental evidence shows that NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors may cause vasoconstriction. Considering the tendency of people to use herbal medicines and also in order to reduce the cardiovascular side effects of chemical drugs for the treatment of OA, it seems necessary to use alternative methods, including the use of medicinal plants, among these plants is wild anemone. This study examines the effect of inflammation in MIA-induced osteoarthritis on physiological cardiovascular performance in male rats with two hypotheses to confirm osteoarthritis and the effective dose of injectable and oral wild anemone extract and the cardiovascular effect of the effective dose of injectable wild anemone extract.

The data were analyzed using SPSS software and using the Independent T-test to check the differences between groups and the Paired sample T-test to check the differences between the different stages of a group, considering p<0.05. The significance level title was analyzed.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease in adults worldwide, and knee osteoarthritis is the most common type. The most common symptom of osteoarthritis is joint pain. Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint cartilage disorder, with hypertrophic changes in the subchondral bone, which causes inflammation of the surrounding tissues.

The results of this research showed that wild anemone extract can significantly inhibit the process of OA in rats suffering from arthritis with monosodium iodoacetate (especially at a dose of 200 mg/kg) and reduce the edema and weight of the affected rats with consumption. The oral extract of wild anemone showed that anthocyanin (an active substance in wild anemone) had an anti-inflammatory effect through the mechanism of inhibiting the activity of inflammatory cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines in monosodium iodoacetate model mice. Also, the decrease in the level of the creatine kinase-MB enzyme in the coronary fluid in the group receiving wild anemone confirms the fact that the presence of anthocyanin can reduce the risk of CVD and cause endothelial dysplasia by increasing the phosphorylation of protein kinase C hypertrophy and the activation of protein kinase B Akt It improves vascular stiffness, which has a protective effect on the heart. And since the wild anemone was used in this study, according to previous studies, it has been shown that it caused a significant decrease in the proliferation of monkey kidney cancer cells (IC50 = 7.80 μg/ml) and the inhibitory effect of the extract on DPPH radical (74/ 5 μg/ml) also reported that the extract had a phenolic content more than the flavonoid content, which makes its use relatively safe. On the other hand, the increase in blood pressure (mean arterial pressure, systolic and diastolic pressure) can be related to the activity of the vagus nerve, which causes There is a significant decrease in the heart rate and contraction power of the heart. Also, in the serological findings of the present study, it has been shown that the level of troponin has decreased with the consumption of wild anemones. On the other hand, acetylcholine released from nerve endings through M2 muscarinic receptors causes the opening of a group of potassium channels and increases potassium release and hyperpolarization of action potential generating nodes in the heart. Also, nicotinic receptor (α7(α7nAChR) is present in synovial tissue. This has been shown for the synovial tissue of the knee joint of patients with OA, which can produce local acetylcholine in joint inflammation, which is attributed to the cholinergic system. Which inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines. Also, stimulation of articular chondrocytes by IL-1β or TNF-α for p65 NF-κB nuclear transfer involves a wide range of catabolic genes such as nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in chondrocytes, which leads to the production of proteases. It destroys and weakens the extracellular matrix. Wild anemone decreased TNF-α in the rat knee joint, which is in line with the study. On the other hand, it has been shown in epidemiological studies that there is a relationship between the increase in the level of inflammatory markers and the high prevalence of CVD. Studies have shown that systemic and chronic inflammation can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Since synovial inflammation plays a role in the early stages of OA, CVD is one of the side effects of OA. OA is associated with mild to moderate pain symptoms, and the first line of treatment for this disease is the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as celecoxib. However, the dangerous side effects of NSAIDs in the occurrence of cardiovascular disease in these people limit the long-term use of NSAIDs. Using alternative methods, including the use of medicinal plants, can prevent side effects. Among these plants is the wild anemone with the scientific name (Papaver rhoeas L.), which has anti-inflammatory properties and is effective in spasms.

Medication overuse headache (MOH) is the second leading cause of chronic headaches. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of three medication regimens in the treatment of MOH in the patients referring to the neurology clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia in 2018.

This was a randomized clinical trial. Participants in this study selected from MOH patients referring to neurology clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia from Feb to Aug 2018. Our study included 60 patients. Patients were randomly assigned to one of the following 3 groups; prednisolone, celecoxib or a combination of both medications. The duration of treatment was 15 days for all the patients. At the end of the study period, the patients provided the information in regard to the severity, duration, and the number of headache days.

The mean duration of headache was 3.55 ± 1.58 months. Gender had no significant relationship with age and the duration of headache. The mean values for severity of headache were 8.2 ±0.71 ,  2.33 ± 0.84 and 2.3 ±0.95 at the first, second and third visits respectively. The mean values for severity of headache at first visit was higher in the patients receiving celecoxib compared to those in the other two treatment groups. At the second and third visits, the mean values for severity of headache were lower in the patients receiving combination therapy. Difference between the scores of severity of headache at the first visit was higher than those at the second and third visits in the combination group which indicated greater effect of this treatment regimen on reducing the severity of the headache compared to the other treatment groups.

All three-treatment regimens were effective in reducing headaches, but the combination regimen was more effective. Both celecoxib and prednisolone  had beneficial effects on reducing the severity of headache, but celecoxib was more effective.

  Pain and edema are acute postoperative sequelae of inflammation due to tissue injury during surgical procedures that affect a patient’s quality of life. In this randomized double-blind clinical trial, we compared Ibuprofen, Celecoxib, and Acifen (Acetaminophen/Ibuprofen/Caffeine) effects on pain, edema, and quality of life after impacted mandibular third molar surgery. In this study, 135 patients were included. The patients were randomly divided into three groups according to the type of analgesic, and each patient was visited 1, 3, and 7 days after the surgery. The intensity of pain was assessed using Visual Analog Scale and the degree of edema was clinically evaluated (measuring a line between the tragus and lip commissure in the operated side). The quality of life was assessed by the ODIP questionnaire. In this study, 135 patients (37.8% male and 62.2% female cases with the mean age of 5.80±24.26) were evaluated. There was no statistically significant difference in the pain scores of three groups in the 1st day (P=0.258). In the 3rd day, least pain was significantly seen in the acifen group (P<0.001). In the 7th day, least pain was significantly seen in the celecoxib group (P<0.001). Ibuprofen significantly decreased the amount of edema more than other groups. There was no significant difference in the amount of edema among these groups on the 3rd day. Significantly, there was less edema in celecoxib and ibuprofen groups compared to acifen group. None of these drugs significantly improved oral health-related quality of life. With regard to the results of this clinical trial, celecoxib was insignificantly more effective than ibuprofen and acifen. In addition, according to its financial issues, the prescription should be limited to the patients with related systemic disorders

Diabetic neuropathy is a chronic disease characterized by allodynia and hyperalgesia. Many different studies show that nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, preinflammatory cytokines and adipocytokines such as leptin increase in diabetic neuropathy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme and nitrergic system on serum level of leptin in diabetic neuropathy.

Diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, i.p). Separate groups of rats were treated with celecoxib (5 mg/kg), L-arginine (50 mg/kg), L-NAME (50 mg/kg), combination of celecoxib and L-arginine, and combination of celecoxib and L-NAME. Serum level of leptin was measured 14 days after streptozotocin injection.

The leptin level significant decreased in all experimental groups (p < 0.01) except for L-arginine group which showed an increase in the leptin level.

Inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 can reduce the serum level of leptin in diabetic neuropathy. Nitrergic system is partly responsible for this effect.

Pain is a common postoperative complaint, and the use of analgesics before surgical trauma can effectively prevent peripheral and central sensitization. We aimed to compare the preemptive effects of ibuprofen and celecoxib on post-operative pain after lower abdominal surgery in addicted patients.
In this clinical trial, after obtaining informed consent, 114 addicted patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery were randomly divided into three groups of 38. The first group was given a 200 mg dose of oral celecoxib, 400 mg of ibuprofen was orally administered to patients in the second group, and the third group was given starch powder as placebo by a nurse who prepared these drugs in the form of capsules. Postoperative pain was assessed by using a 10-cm ruler as the visual analogue scale at intervals of 1 and 6 hours after surgery. Postoperative opioid consumption was recorded in those periods. The obtained data were analyzed using the appropriate statistical tests in SPSS software.
Mean pain scores at 1 hour after surgery were not significantly different across the three groups, whereas at 6 hours after surgery, pain scores were significantly lower in the ibuprofen and celecoxib groups in comparison to the placebo group (P=0.001 and P=0.005, respectively). Postoperative nausea and vomiting was not significantly different among the three groups.
Despite the significant difference in mean pain scores among the study groups, the opioid consumption doses were not significantly different among the groups. Thus, the preemptive prescription of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in addicted patient does not have any noticeable effects.

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)/ (visfatin) have been proposed as proinflammatory cytokine that is influenced by blood glucose or insulin. In diabetes mellitus proinflammatory agents such as prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide can increase visfatin synthesis and visfatin stimulates their expression. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cyclooxygenase and nitrergic system on serum visfatin level and some biochemical parameters in diabetic rats.
Material and Male Wistar rats were rendered diabetic by streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, i.p.). Animals were treated with celecoxib (5 mg/kg) or L-arginine (50 mg/kg) or L-NAME (50 mg/kg) alone or with combinations of celecoxib and L-arginine or celecoxib and L-NAME. Using SPSS software, we used one way analysis of variance followed by tukey test for data analysis.
All treated groups showed significant decrease in blood glucose and triglyceride levels (P Serum visfatin level increased in streptozotocin- induced diabetes. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 by celecoxib, resulted in decreased visfatin level and part of this effect was due to interaction with nitrergic system. It seems that blood glucose and insulin do not affect visfatin level directly, but proinflammatory cytokines play the main role in its synthesis.

Background and Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen are the most commonly used drugs for pain relief after impacted third molar surgery. Recently, new generation of these drugs have been introduced that act more selectively and have lower gastrointestinal side effects. To the best of our knowledge there are not enough studies about the effectiveness of these drugs. This study compared the efficacy of celecoxib with ibuprofen and acetaminophen codeine. A randomized clinical trial was conducted in 180 patients attending oral and maxillofacial surgery department affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Patients were divided into three groups to receive a single dose of celecoxib 100mg, Ibuprofen 400 mg or acetaminophen codeine (acetaminophen 300mg + codeine 20mg) after surgery. A questionnaire was completed by the patients in which the pain intensity was recorded at 2, 4, 6, 10, 16, and 24 hrs after surgery. At 2 and 4 hr after taking the medications the pain intensity was significantly lower in the group receiving celecoxib (P<0.05). Considering the time of use of rescue medication, there was no significant difference between ibuprofen and celecoxib (P>0.05) while significant difference was found in the acetaminophen codeine group (P<0.05). Also, considering the pain intensity, ibuprofen and celecoxib had similar effects and both were superior to acetaminophen codeine. Ibuprofen and celecoxib showed similar effects in decreasing the intensity of pain in subjects so, celecoxib could be considered as the drug of choice when there are contraindications for ibuprofen.

The standard methods for the comparison of two drugs in a randomized controlled clinical trial in the presence of non-compliance are intention-to-treat or per-protocol approaches. Both approaches have problems with estimation of drug effects, and researchers are not still certain to adopt which one. In this study, the bias of intention-to-treat and per-protocol approaches was calculated using Monte-Carlo simulation. We tried to choose the best approach (based on the AIC index) for comparing Risperidone plus Celecoxib and Risperidone plus Placebo. This secondary study was conducted to compare the effect of Risperidone plus Celecoxib and Risperidone plus Placebo among 60 schizophrenic patients. To choose between the intention-to-treat and per-protocol approaches, Monte-Carlo simulation with Ackaike (AIC) and Baysian (BIC) indices was used. The results of Monte-Carlo simulation showed that when the sample size was small (n=30 or n=60) under fixed conditions of non-compliance equal to 5% and 10%, intention-to-treat had a better goodness of fit than per-protocol based on AIC and BIC. However, increasing the sample size in active and placebo groups (e.g., n=100) showed that per-protocol had a better goodness of fit than intention-to-treat. When the sample size is large, the per-protocol approach may have a better goodness of fit than intention-to-treat to address the effects of non-compliance in randomized clinical trials.

Background and Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen are the most commonly used drugs for pain relief after impacted third molar surgery. Recently, new generation of these drugs have been introduced that act more selectively and have lower gastrointestinal side effects. As to our knowledge, there are not enough studies about the effectiveness of these drugs; the objective of this study was to compare celecoxib with ibuprofen and acetaminophen codeine. This randomized clinical trial was done on 180 patients from whom attending Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Patients were divided into three groups to use a single dose of celecoxib 100 mg, ibuprofen 400 mg or acetaminophen codeine (acetaminophen 300 mg + codeine 20 mg) after surgery. A questionnaire was given to the patients to mark their pain intensity. Considering the time of use of rescue medication, ibuprofen was the best and acetaminophen codeine the worst, although there was significant difference between ibuprofen and celecoxib. In addition, considering the pain intensity, ibuprofen and celecoxib were comparable, and both were superior to acetaminophen codeine. According to the almost comparable effectiveness of ibuprofen and celecoxib, celecoxib can be the drug of choice when ibuprofen has contraindications.

Pain control in dentistry especially endodontics is particularly important. Endodontic pain following root canal therapy (RCT) of vital teeth is closely correlated with inflammatory reactions. Increased level of prostaglandins has been reported in acute inflammatory reactions. Thus, cyclooxygenase-inhibiting drugs have a significant effect on reducing pain and inflammation. COX enzyme has two isoforms of COX-1 and COX-2. The conventional anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit both isoforms. In the recent years, COX-2 specific inhibitors have been the subject of extensive investigations. These inhibitors block the pain-inducing inflammatory mediators that are mostly derived from COX-2. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of prophylactic Celecoxib and a placebo in reducing post-endodontic pain using Visual Analog Scale (VAS). This double blind clinical trial was conducted on 30 patients with a mean age of 18 to 57 yrs. complaining of severe pain based on VAS. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups of 400mg Celecoxib and the placebo. Drugs were administered 30 min prior to root canal therapy. Patients were asked to keep a pain diary and mark their degree of pain on a VAS chart before the initiation of treatment, immediately after treatment and at 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours post-treatment. No significant difference was found between the analgesic effects of prophylactic Celecoxib and the placebo in any of the understudy time points (P>0.05). Considering the absence of a significant difference between the two groups, prophylactic Celecoxib is not recommended for post-endodontic pain reduction especially in cases with gastrointestinal (GI) problems.

Effective pain management after dental surgeries is one of the most common problems in dentistry. Ibuprofen is the most common non selective non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2. Celecoxib is a COX-2 specific NSAID and also the only COX-2 specific drug available in Iran. Naproxen is a non selective NSAID that is often used for postoperative pain management all around the world; however, it is not the first choice in our country. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Celecoxib, Naproxen, and Ibuprofen in pain control after periodontal surgery. This double-blind clinical trial study included a total of 30 patients who presented with chronic periodontitis and who underwent surgical procedures on the anterior sextant of the mandible. They were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 10 patients. Each group received one of the following medication protocols: Group A: 400 mg Ibuprofen, group B: 200 mg Celecoxib, Group C: 250 mg Naproxen. Patients reported their pain levels using a VAS (visual analog scale) at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after periodontal surgery. All data were analyzed by SPSS Ver 15 program. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, respectively. Statistical analysis of the data showed no significant differences between Ibuprofen, Celecoxib, and Naproxen after 1, 6, 12, 24, or 48 hours after the surgery. Significant differences were seen only at the third hour after surgery between Celecoxib and Naproxen and between Ibuprofen and Naproxen. Considering the lower rate of side effects of Celecoxib its similar degree of pain reduction as Ibuprofen, and its better efficiency than Naproxen, Celecoxib can be considered an appropriate drug for pain control after periodontal surgeries.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most common drugs prescribed for controlling and post root canal treatment pain. During the last decade, a new generation of NSAIDs has been introduced such as Celecoxib and Gelofen with less gastrointestinal side effects and more analgesic effect. No studies have been performed to compare Celecoxib and Gelofen with other NSAIDs considering the reduction of post-endodontic pain; therefore, this study was designed. In this randomized double blind clinical trial study, 90 patients were divided into 3 groups and underwent root canal therapy. Celecoxib, Gelofen, or placebo was randomized prescribed to the patients 1 hour before treatment. The intensity of pain was recorded using visual analog scale (VAS) at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 hours after completion of root canal treatment. The data were analyzed by means of repeated measurements, multiple comparisons and one-way ANOVA tests using SPSS software. P<0.05 was considered as the level of significance. The results showed significant difference between Celecoxib and Gelofen in comparison with placebo at 8 and 12 hours after initiation of treatment. There was no significant difference among three groups at 4, 24, and 48 hours after initiation of treatment. According to the results, use of Gelofen or Celecoxib before treatment reduces post-endodontic pain. These drugs can be prescribed before initiation of treatment as the effective agents for reduction of post-endodontic pain

Efficacy of preoperative oral administration of celecoxib to prevent postoperative pain has been proved in several studies. Also some studies were done about efficient and enough dose to control postoperative pain but there is no agreement about administration in one single dose or administration in short divided doses. In this study, we conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy of two different doses (200 mg and 400 mg) of celecoxib, as selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, on acute pain severity after orthopedic surgeries. In this randomized clinical trial, 60 patients candidate leg fracture fixation under spinal anesthesia were enrolled. After taking informed consent, The patients were assigned randomly between three groups (group A: 400 mg at night before surgery, group B: 200 mg night before surgery and 200 mg in the morning and group C: no premedication). The severity of pain was evaluated by VAS(visual analogue scale),the time of anlgesic request by the patient and amounts of opioids administered during 24 hours after surgery was recorded and compared. There was no statistically significant difference between three groups regarding to age, sex, and duration of operation time. The mean pain severity after 6 hours (post-operation) was the same in three groups. The mean of time of analgesic request after operation was 196.5±121 minute in patients receiving 400 mg celecoxib in which it was significantly greater than the others (p=0.01). the mean of opioid consumption in patients receiving 400 mg celecoxib was less than the other groups but it didnt show any significant difference. Our study showed that administration of 400 mg celecoxib single dose was effective to postpone time of opioid request after leg fracture operation under spinal anesthesia, but in comparison with two divided doses of 200 mg celecoxib, it didnt have any significant difference on postoperative severity of pain. Also single dose (400mg) reduced the amounts of opioid consumption compared to two divided 200mg dose.

Synthetic drugs are more effective substances in improvement of wounds healing. The main objective of this study was to histopathologically evaluate the effect of celecoxib on primary intention healing of stomach surgical wounds in rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three groups; sham, negative control and experimental groups. A gastrotomy incision with the length of 1 cm was made in greater curvature of the stomach of the rats, and then was sutured in two layers. Experimental group was treated with oral celecoxib (15 mg/kg solved in 10 ml/kg dimethyl sulfoxide 5%) daily for 15 days. Negative control and sham groups received dimethyl sulfoxide 5% and normal saline (10 ml/kg), respectively, in the same manner. Histopathological studies for evaluation of healing were carried out in euthanized rats using H&E and Masson's trichrome staining methods. The numbers of fibroblasts and capillary buds in the experimental rats were significantly more than those in the sham and negative control groups (P<0.05). Epithelial gap in the experimental rats was smaller than that in the two other groups (P<0.05). There were significant differences of collagen contents in the region of wound healing between the experimental and two other groups (P<0.05). Differences between the sham and negative control groups of the mentioned factors were not significant. The results of this study indicate that celecoxib shows a beneficial effect on the surgical wound healing of stomach in the rats.

Introduction & Pain control is one of the main issues in laparoscopic surgeries. Although opioid and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are used for pain control but there are severe side effects, but it is thought that, new generation of NSAIDS are able to control pain without any significant side effects of narcotics. We compared postoperative pain, analgesic administration, duration of hospital stay, and side effect of surgeries such as vomiting. From September 2008 to March 2009, we enrolled 75 laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients in a randomized clinical trial study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. In intervention group, 200 mg for celecoxib administered one hour before surgery and then 200 mg each 12 hours, for two days after surgery. Placebo was administered in the control group. Then severity of pain was measured by visual analogue score (VAS) every six hours during 48 hours. Opioid consumption, duration of hospital stay, antiemetic usage, and other complications of surgery (such as nausea and vomiting) were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 16.0. Data were reported as means and SD. Data with normal distribution was tested with independent t-test. Qualitative data was analyzed with chi-square. Means of pain intensity were analyzed with repeated measures anova. P

Root canal therapy of teeth can relief the endodontic pain, but post-endodontic pain and discomfort are its undesirable effects. There are many studies on various drugs for alleviation of post-endodontic pain. The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effect of tramadol, celecoxib and ibuprofen in vital teeth. In this double blind randomized clinical trial study, 104 patients with vital first mandibular molar tooth were selected. The patients were divided in to four groups, tramadol (A), celecoxib (B), ibuprofen (C) and placebo (D). The similar capsules were filled with50mg tramadol HCL, 100mg celecoxib, 400mg ibuprofen and starch. Each patient received randomly one capsule one hour before treatment. If the pain persists, the patient received one tablet of 325 mg acetaminophen every 6 hours. The groups were controlled for 3 days. The data were collected one hour before and 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 hours after treatment. Results were analyzed using kruskal-wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. The results showed that after 12 (p=0.039) and 24(p=0.024) hours of treatment, tramadol was better in pain relief in comparison with other groups and there was one difference between tramadol and ibuprofen after treatment after 12 hours (p=0.013). But there was no significant deference between drug groups at 6, 48 and 72 hour after treatment. Tramadol prescription in comparison with celecoxib, ibuprofen and placebo has greater analgesic effect after root canal therapy in vital teeth. In addition tramadol may be a good medicine for post-endodontic pain control.

Oral cancer is one of the ten most frequent cancers worldwide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), may play a key role in human cancer development. Inflammation occurs in cancers and increases oxidative stress agent COX2 over expression in oral premalignant lesions. Several studies showed COX2 inhibitors con improve antioxidant system. The aim of this study is the evaluation the effect of topical and systemic celecoxib on serum antioxidant in induction of tongue neoplasm in rat. m aterials and Fifty male Sprague Dawley adult 3-3. 5 month's old rats were used as animal model in this study. The tongue SCC was induced by a daily administration of 30 ppm 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO), in drinking water, for 8 months. The rats in case groups received dietary or topical CCB. CCB powder was added to powdered basal diet and e ach rat received CCB with daily food. Adhesive Gels were prepared by mixing the base plasty with oral paste including two different dose of CCB. These groups include: group A» 30 ppm 4-NQO treatment; group B» 30 ppm 4-NQO+dietary CCB treatment; group C» 30 ppm 4-NQO+topical low dose CCB treatment; group D» 30 ppm 4NQO+high dose topical CCB treatment and group E» dietary CCB as control+water. Statistical analysis showed significant differens between groups in total antioxidant, hemoglobin and nutrophilic count. Topical CCB can use as adjuvant treatment for premalignant lesions

Statement of Problem: Postoperative pain after periodontal surgical procedures is a common complaint. Celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor NSAID, is associated with a lower incidence of well known side effects reported for the conventional NSAIDs. Sparse information is available on the efficacy of Celecoxib, or Prednisolone, a steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, following periodontal surgery. The aim of the present study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of Celecoxib and Prednisolone after periodontal mucoperiosteal flap with minor osseous surgery. Methods and Material: In this randomized, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled, clinical trial, 20 patients with generalized, moderate to severe chronic periodontitis underwent three mucoperiosteal flap with minor osseous surgery with at least 4 week interval. Each quadrant was randomly assigned to receive one of the following medications in two doses starting one hour before surgery: 200 mg celecoxib, 10 mg Prednisolone, and placebo. The patients filled out a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a five-point verbal rating scale (VRS-5) at 11 predetermined time periods. Data analyses were performed, using Friedman, Pearson correlation and Spearman rank correlation tests. There was a statistically significant lower pain reported in the celecoxib than placebo groups during 9 postoperative time periods using VAS (p =0.03). This value was statistically significant for all the time periods under investigation, using VRS-5 (p =0.01). The level of pain was lower in Prednisolone than in the placebo groups at the four-hour period (p =0.045), and during the day after surgery (p =0.01). A statistically significant lower pain perception was reported with the use of celecoxib at three postoperative hours (3, 5 and 6) than Prednisolone (p =0.02). There was a positive correlation between VAS and VRS-5 pain rating scales used in this study (p =0.0001, r =0.938). Within the limitations of this study, preventive and postoperative uses of Celecoxib and Prednisolone were effective in the control of pain following periodontal flap with minor osseous surgery. However, during the first 8 postoperative hours, Celecoxib showed a superior efficacy in the duration and continuity of pain relief in comparison with Prednisolone.

JWH133 is known to have cannabinoid-2 (CB2) receptor agonist properties. Celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, is also known to have antinociceptive properties. Endocannabinoids produce analgesia possibly through cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway. The aim of the present work was: to study the effect of celecoxib on JWH133 induced antinociception and to compare the effects of two different dose ranges of celecoxib (mg/kg and nano g/kg) on the JWH133 antiniciceptive effect. We have studied the possible interaction of administration of mg/kg (50-200 mg/kg) and Ultra-Low Dose (ULD) (25 and 50 ng/kg) of celecoxib on the antinociceptive effect of intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of JWH133 using formalin test in mice. JWH133 (0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg/kg) induced antinociceptive effect just in phase I of the formalin test. Celecoxib (50-200 mg/kg) and its ULD (25 and 50 ng/kg) attenuated and potentiated, JWH133 induced antinociception, respectively. It is concluded that JWH-133 induced antinociception is modulated by celecoxib and mg/kg doses of celecoxib showed opposite effects compare to its ultra-low doses.