جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "سوء رفتار" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Midwifery violence has become a prominent global issue in the past decade, yet it has not received sufficient attention in Iran. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the level of physical abuse during childbirth and its related factors in women hospitalized in the postpartum ward of Ghods Hospital in Paveh.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on women who gave birth and were hospitalized at Ghods Hospital, Paveh, Iran and met the inclusion criteria. The data collection tool was a questionnaire on mothers' personal and midwifery characteristics, as well as a checklist of disrespect and misbehavior during childbirth. Two hundred and seventy-six participants were selected using convenience sampling. The data was analyzed using SPSS 21 statistical software and univariate and multivariate logistic regression tests. The significance level was considered p<0.05.

The results revealed that 17% of the participants had experienced physical abuse. Among the examined characteristics, the level of education and household income had a significant effect on the incidence of physical abuse (p<0.05)..

The low incidence of misbehavior during childbirth among women with low economic income and higher education may indicate the influence of expectations of women of receiving respectful care and their awareness of their rights to report mistreatment. Therefore, increasing awareness of women of their rights, particularly in marginalized communities, can effectively enhance their care.

Around the world, about one in six older people has experienced some form of abuse. This study aimed at comparing the rate of abuse and related factors in urban and rural senior people attending health centers in Ghaemshahr, 2020.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 250 older people were selected by systematic random sampling. Data were collected using Domestic Elder Abuse Questionnaire, Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Assessment of Daily Activities of Instrumental Activity of Daily Livening (IADL), and Demographic-Medical Questionnare. Data were analyzed in SPSS V22 applying descriptive statistics tests, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance.

The mean age of participants was 69.10±8.57 years of whom 58.8% were women. At least one type of abuse was experienced by 60% of elder people in urban areas and 64.8% of the seniors living in rural regions. Psychological abuse was found to be more prevalent in both groups while rejection was the least common form of abuse. Findings revealed significant associations between elder abuse and gender, education, income, disease status, number of drugs used, urinary incontinence, life companions, number of children, and occupation (P<0.05).

High rate of elder abuse calls for alerting aged people and their caregivers. Appropriate interventions can also help in preventing the consequences of this problem.

With the increasing phenomenon of elder abuse in todaychr('39')s societies, understanding the facilitating and inhibiting factors related to abuse seems necessary. The purpose of this study was to explain the facilitators of elder abuse in Iranian society.

Methods & Materials:

 This is a qualitative study that used a thematic analysis approach to collect and analyze data in order to explain the elderly’s perceptions of the facilitators of abuse. In this study, 20 elderly people in the community were selected by purposeful sampling. The data were collected by in-depth, semi-structured and face-to-face individual interviews. The Braun and Clark’s thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.

The results of data analysis led to the identification of three themes including role modeling, evacuation of failures, and cultural-familial context of the society. The third theme had three sub-themes intergenerational gap, parenting style and society’s indifference.

Abuse is the result of a combination of causes and factors. The elderly’ experiences suggest that abuse goes beyond a personal matter and is rooted in cultural, social, and economic practices. Today, it is not acceptance of each other and disregard for the expectations of the other party that gives rise many contradictions and abuses at the family and community level.

 The present study aimed to review the effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the elderly. In this study, we reviewed topics, such as the causes of COVID-19severity in the elderly; the psychological problems of the elderly; the relationship between comorbidities and COVID-19 severity, and the comparison of COVID-19 with other pandemics.

Methods & Materials: 

This systematic review study was conducted in 2020 by searching in international Internet search databases. Boolean Operator (AND, OR) was used for a combined search without a time limit. The search strategy was limited to Persian and English articles using the following keywords: “older adults, COVID-19, psychological problems, social isolation, elderly abuse, ageism”. Finally, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, the remaining 58 studies were included in the study. 

 The results of the studies were extracted and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the elderly were examined in 8 parts, as follows: Why COVID-19 is more common in the elderly and has more complications; what are the mortality and complications of COVID-19 in the elderly; COVID-19 and underlying diseases; psychological problems caused by COVID-19 in the elderly; COVID-19 and abuse in the elderly; COVID-19and ageism in the elderly; the comparison of COVID-19 with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and influenza epidemics in the elderly, and care for the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic.

 The COVID-19 pandemic poses serious challenges for the elderly globally. To address these challenges, everyone must work, from government officials to individuals and families. Governments should enact laws that minimize the potential age-related abuse and discrimination and provide equal opportunities for all society members, regardless of age or gender. Families should also be aware of the increasing social isolation of the elderly and keep in touch with them.

Elderly abuse is one of the major social health problems and has a significant impact on the quality of life of the elderly. Faster detection of elder abuse and providing appropriate remedies will reduce its subsequent complications. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of translating and determining the psychometric properties of the Geriatric Mistreatment Scale (22 items) in the elderly living in Tehran, Iran.

This descriptive study was conducted on 301 elderly people living in Tehran in 2017-2018. The translation was done by the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) protocol method; after obtaining written permission from the original designer. Exploratory factor analysis was used to evaluate construct validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test-retest were used to determine reliability.

Cronbach's alpha was 0.80 for all items and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient was 0.81 which both showed appropriate reliability of the Persian version of Geriatric Mistreatment Scale. In the exploratory factor analysis, three factors (physical, psychological, economic) were extracted by principal axis factoring that determined 42% of cumulative variance.

The findings of the present study indicate that the Persian version of the Geriatric Mistreatment Scale is a valid and reliable tool that can be used as an indigenous tool to assess elder abuse, which is a public health problem.

Elderly is a sensitive period in human life and attention to the needs  of this stage is a social necessity. Elderly Abuse has grown rapidly over the last few years and has attracted the attention of communities and healthcare professionals.The present study was conducted to determine the epidemiology of Abuse with the elderly in Neyshabour city in 2017. This descriptive-analytic study was conducted with participation of elderly people aged 60 years and over in Neyshabur city. Sampling method was random. Demographic form and Elder- abuse standard questionnaire was completed through interviews. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16. Among the 176 participants in the study, 65.3% were male and the mean age of the elderly was 68.11 ± 9.11. The results showed that the prevalence of abuse among the elderly was 56.8%, that the highest level of abuse was psychological abuse of 47.7% and the least of them was Abandonment 2.8%. According to Chi-square test, there was a significant relationship between elder- abuse and age (p <0.001) and economic status (p <0.001). Overall, the results of this study showed that the level of abuse among the elderly in this study is relatively high and this indicates the extent of the issue at the community level.

Growth of the elderly population has led to an increase in the prevalence of abuse against them, which is considered a major social health problem in today's communities. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between socio-demographic factors and the prevalence of abuse among the elderly population covered by health centers in Kashan.
Instruments and In this descriptive-analytical study in 2014, 500 elderly people over 60 years covered by health centers in Kashan were selected through multistage cluster sampling. The domestic elder abuse questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21, using Chi-square and logistic regression analysis. The mean age of the study population was 72.07±9.03 years. The prevalence of emotional neglect, neglect of care, and financial neglect, divest, experienced psychological abuse, financial abuse, physical abuse, and rejection was 6.8%, 8.29%, 2.35%, 6.37%, 45%, 2.41%, 22.45%, and 16.6%, respectively. A significant statistical relationship was observed between the abuse and age (p=0.001), number of children (p=0.001), marital status (p=0.011), the living conditions of elder with family (p=0.001), having disease (p=0.029), and having the ability to walk (p=0.001). Adults with a higher age, more children, without a spouse, living with a child, and having a history of illness and inability to walk are more exposed to abuse.

Parents’ attitude play important role in children’s behavior and child abuse. The aim of current study was to assess the impact of parent role training on the mothers’ attitudes with children aged 1-5 years toward child abuse in Malayer.
In the current semi-experimental study with pre and post-tests, 122 mothers with children 1-5 years old were selected through cluster sampling from kindergartens of Malayer in 2016. Then, mothers were randomly selected and divided into two groups of experimental and control (61 in the experimental group and 61 in the control group). "Adult Adolescent Parenting Inventory" questionnaire was used as data collection . Training Group of parental role was held in four sessions for two weeks. Before training and one month after it, questionnaires were completed by both groups. The data were analyzed using SPSS 16. Descriptive statistics, independent and paired t-tests, were applied for data analysis with a confidence level of 0.95.
The mean and standard deviation of the attitude scores for the experimental group before and after training were 69.60±7.28 and 86.8 ±14.79, respectively, and this difference was significant (p Parent role training has changed mothers’ attitudes about child abuse and improved their attitude toward correct nurture (proper pedagogical) behavior. Therefore, systematic and group training of parental role, by reducing misuse of toddlers and young children, is an important step in their physical and mental health.

Misbehavior towards elderlies is among psychosocial damages, with an increasing prevalence along with the increase in age of families and societies. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to compare perceived misbehavior with urban and rural elderlies living in Ilam Province during year 2014.
In this cross-sectional study, using clustering and simple random sampling, 360 individuals among those more than 65 years old in Ilam Province were selected. Data was collected via a standard questionnaire, with its validity confirmed by different studies.
In this study, 360 individuals including 221 (61.4%) females and 290 (80.6%) urban elderlies were evaluated. Most elderlies (228 (63.3%)) were married and the highest frequency (39.8%) was observed among the age group of 76 to 80 year-olds. Among urban elderlies, the greatest frequency of misbehavior was attributed to financial neglect (107 (36.8%)) and the least common misbehavior was financial misbehavior. However, among rural participants, the most frequent misbehavior was financial neglect (40 (57.1%)) and the least common (1 (1.5%)) misbehavior was bodily misbehavior.
Considering the high rate of misbehaviour reported by elderlies in Ilam Province, interventional programs are needed by policy makers of either health and treatment responsibilities or other social and economical responsibilities in Ilam province for reduction of misbehaviour by families of elderlies.

Introduction and The number of elderly people has increased and according to estimates by the World Health Organization the number of elderly will rise more than 22% in 2050. By increasing in the elderly population the rate of challenges related to this group such as elder abuse will be increased too. This study aimed with” nurse's perception in Tehran of elder abuse.”
This Cross-sectional study was performed by convenience sampling during February and March 2014 with a sample of 400 nurses. The study population consisted nurses working in emergency departments affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran. A researcher-made questionnaire was used with content validity and reliability by Cronbach's alpha (α =82%).SPSS version 13 was used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data.
Findings: The finding of this study indicated that, the mean ± SD age of the nursing was 40. 127.05 respectively. The elder abuse perception among nurse was about the financial and sexual elder abuse had the highest rate.
The nurses spend the most time with elderly rather than the other health care team and they are maybe the first people dealing with patients. It is necessary to know more about elder abuse and its type.

Aging and its subsequent issues must be considered as the main challenges of the future. Studies on abuse of the elderly are very limited. This study which was conducted in 2013 and aimed to determine the prevalence and types of domestic abuse in the elderly referred to health care centers in Gorgan and Aq-Qala cities¡ Gorgan Province¡ Iran.
Methods & Materials: In this cross-sectional analytical study¡ through a random sampling¡ 465 elders aged 65 or older (125 men and 254 women)¡ residing in the health care centers in Gorgan and Aq-Qala¡ were enrolled. A face-to-face interview was carried out with all participants at the health care centers. First¡ their cognitive states were evaluated using the Iranian version of abbreviated mental test score and if they obtained the score of 6 or higher they would be entered in the study¡ after taking their informed consents. Then¡ the domestic elder abuse questionnaire for elderly people and a questionnaire designed by the authors for collecting demographic and personal data was administered. Descriptive (percentage¡ frequency¡ mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (The Chi-square¡ t-test) were performed using SPSS (version 16).
The total frequency of elder abuse was 63.3%. The highest frequencies were related to care neglect (59.8%) and psychological abuse (53.3%) and the lowest ones belonged to physical abuse (8 %) and abandonment (8.2%). Some factors¡ including sex (P Because of the high level of elder abuse by family¡ providing awareness programs for seniors¡ caregivers and health care providers seems to be essential to prevent and reduce the neglect and abuse of older people.

Each year hundreds of thousands of older persons are abused and neglected. Many victims are people who are older and vulnerable that cannot help themselves and depend on others to meet their most basic needs.This study aimed to investigation the mediating role of elderly abuse in the relationship between generativity and ego-integrity. For this purpose 113 elder people were selected using convenient sampling method.The tools used in this study included domestic elder abuse questionnaire (Heravi-Karimooi, Rejeh, Frooghan, & Montazeri, 2011)Loyola Generativity Scale(LGS., McAdams & de St. Aubin, 1992) and Ego-Integrity Measurement(EIM., Ryff & Heincke, 1983).In order to analyze of data were used pearson’s correlation and path analysis. Findings indicated that there’s correlation between general score of neglect and subscales of financial abuse,psychological abuse,and financial neglect with perception of generativity.Also,there is correlation between ego-integrity and general score of elderly neglect and subscales of financial abuse,limited authority,rejection,and emotional neglect.Elderly abuse could play a mediating role in relationship between generativity and ego-integrity. It can be said that the role of environmental factors is important in transition from midlife to oldage.

Introduction and Violence against women is a social problem that negatively affects other health priorities، such as maternal and child health and mental health. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of abuse and social factors affecting women who admitted to Shahid Fayazbakhsh Hospital in 2012. In this cross-sectional study that was carried out on 100 women who referred to Shahid Fayazbakhsh Hospital of Tehran in 2012، gathered data with questionnaire and interview، finally was analyzed by SPSS software. The most common forms of abuse were verbal abuse، emotional، physical and social. Violence against women was much in older (P=0. 01). There was not significant relationship between education and violence (P=0. 182، r=0. 10). The number of children and levels of violence in the family have not a significant correlation (P=0. 524). A significant relationship between income and violence against women was abserved (P=0. 003). The results showed that many of women in this study were influenced by a variety of misconduct. With respect to factors that influence this problem seems increasing awareness and life skills training to women and girls to repel the couple abuse، can take steps to reduce this problem.

The incidence rate of elderly misbehavior increased in the past two decades. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of elderly misbehavior in northern Iran. This descriptive - analytic study was done on 247 more than 60 years old (137 males, 110 females) in north of Iran during 2012. In order to determine misbehavior, an elderly questionnaire was filled for each subject. The mean age of subjects was 68.8±7.08 years. The prevalence of lack of attention, care, financial, authentic was 34.8%, 33.6%, 29.1% and 22.3%, respectively. The prevalence of psychological, physical, isolation and financial misbehavior were 26.7%, 26.7%, 2.6% and 21.9%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between income and marital status with misbehavior maner (P<0.05). Elderly misbehavior particularly lack of attention and care are more perevlant in northern Iran.

Background and Older people are one of the most vulnerable groups in every society and elder abuse is an important issue when considering their care and support. This study aimed at investigating the prevalence of elder abuse against women and related factors in Sabsevar (north east of Iran). This analytical-descriptive study was conducted in 180 women older than 60 years of age who met our inclusion criteria. They were selected through stratified sampling in 2013. Data was collected using domestic elder abuse questionnaire. To analyze the data descriptive and non-parametric analytical tests were performed in SPSS V. 16. Among the studied population 49. 39% were observed to suffer from elder abuse. The criteria with highest and lowest prevalence of elder abuse against women were emotional neglect (69%) and abandonment (42. 87%)، respectively. Significant association was seen between three types of elder abuse namely care neglect، psychological abuse، and abandonment and re-hospitalization (P=0. 000). But no significant relationship was observed between elder abuse and educational level، economic state، income resources، and suffering from a chronic disease. This study showed that almost half of older women experience some types of abuse which can lead to different diseases and re-hospitalization.

Background and Violence against children and adolescents is a worldwide concern that has always received much attention. The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between child maltreatment in family and behavioral problems in high school adolescents in Kermanshah. In a cross-sectional study, 193 boys and girls studying in high school in Kermanshah were selected through multi Stage sampling. Adolescent self-report form of behavioral problems and self-report scale for measuring child maltreatment was used. Data was analyzed in SPSS using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression. The mean age of the participants was 15.75 ±0.85. There was no significant relationship between gender and child maltreatment (P>0.269). But, significant difference was seen in neglect subscale and gender (P<0.046). All aspects of behavioral problems were observed more in girls. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between child maltreatment and behavioral problems and its subscales (P<0.001). Regression analysis showed that 38.1% of the changes related to behavioral problems in students could be explained via a linear combination of emotional and sexual abuse. There was a significant correlation between child maltreatment and behavioral problems. More qualitative studies are recommended to investigate child abuse in different regional and ethnic contexts.

Studies indicated that medical student abuse is likely to have a considerable negative effect. Compared to non-abused students، abused students reported more anxiety، depression، difficulty with learning، thoughts of dropping out، and alcohol use problem. Other studies showed that stress associated with being abused negatively impacted on career decisions. This was a cross-sectional study carried out by Medical Educational Development Office of Kerman University of Medical Sciences، Kerman، Iran. All medical students in clinical course were selected through census method. Students'' viewpoint towards treatment in clinical setting evaluated using a questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire confirmed by a number of experts and its reliability determined using a pilot study with Cronbach’s alpha 0. 67. One hundred sixty eight questionnaires were completed. Medical student abuse was reported by 93% of the respondents. Verbal abuse was the most frequently experienced abuse followed by academic abuse، gender discrimination، and physical abuse. Physician’s residents were the most often reported as abusers. The most frequent emotional response to abuse was sadness (97%). Experience of abuse in clinical setting is common among medical students. To improve the learning environment، medical educators need to take action to resolve this serious issue.

One of the society’s health problems is prenatal domestic violence. Violence may directly and indirectly affect the pregnancy outcome. In recent years, many different studies have been conducted in Iran on the prevalence and consequences of prenatal domestic violence. However, no organized conclusions have yet been drawn from the results of these studies so far. This study aimed to examine the findings of the past decade of studies in Iran on the effects of prenatal domestic violence on maternal and fetal outcomes.This study reviewed studies of the past decade in Iran that investigated the prevalence and consequences of prenatal domestic violence on maternal and fetal outcomes. These articles were searched by using available information in databases; Pubmed, Magiran SID, Iranmedex, and Irandoc from 2001 to 2011 using keywords [domestic violence, violence, spouse abuse, family violence, physical violence, sexual violence, and emotional violence] separately, and keywords [abusive behavior, pregnancy, pregnancy consequences, pregnancy outcome, pregnancy results, preterm labor, and low birth weight] collectively.A total of 22 articles were reviewed, 16 of which were descriptive (sectional, longitudinal), and 6 were analytical (cohort and case/control). Out of the 22 studies, 14 had reported the prevalence of prenatal domestic violence and its types in different regions in Iran, 11 investigated the effects of domestic violence on fetal outcomes, and 11 investigated the effects of domestic violence and its types on maternal outcomes.Discussion and Investigations revealed that, regardless of location and ethnicity, prenatal domestic violence is a common problem with important maternal and fetal consequences. These are common issues in obstetric medicine. Some of these outcomes are preventable both for the mother and for the fetus. It appears such incidences can be prevented by appropriate actions such as; life skill education and self-care, prenatal screening, increased prenatal care, presence of spouse in prenatal care sessions and important role of spouse during pregnancy. Thus, further studies focusing on identification of appropriate interventions to reduce and control these problems are recommended.

Plagiarism is a serious debate in scientific community and in recent years has been in the center of interest in academic and scientific communities. Plagiarism is considered as an unethical and improper act، because it constitutes theft from an intellectual work. Self-plagiarism is considered as a sort of plagiarism and is defined as an improper release of information as a new idea، or using main or a part of self article which previously has been published. There are still doubts in definition of self-plagiarism as theft، fraud and abuse or plagiarism and whether or not such penalties are required، it has been introduced as plagiarism in several studies but in some cases، this view was rejected. Multiple and different definitions are presented for plagiarism، such as republishing articles in other journals or publishing with changes and introducing it as a new article. Sometimes it has been introduced as using phrases، sentences and a part of a previously published article without reference. However، it is clear that self plagiarism is not acceptable to the scientific community، and the authors of this paper believed that using ones own previous works، without proper citation is an instance of plagiarism. Therefore، it is necessary that researchers do not summarize this subject merely as the improper use of words and sentences، and in addition to proper referencing of their works، avoid publishing previous articles as new ideas and dividing data into several articles. This study aimed to present and summarize the views of the authors and editors in published papers in national and international journals for students and scholars، especially for young scholars.

Intimate partner violence against women is a serious public health issue with recognizable direct health community consequences. This study indicated frequency of intimate partner abuse referred to Ahvaz health center and related factors with it. Subjects and After a preliminary study based on the frequency (P =65/7%، α =0/05)، 368 married women 15 to 55 year were selected with multi-stage sampling method The data were collected by Demoghrafic questionniar، Strauss-scale about abuse of women and conflict tactics scale was modified. For Reliability uesed content confidence. The validity is evalueted by currented test (r =% 78). The data obtain from scales were completed using an interview and analyzed using chi-squer test. Althogether، 63/2% of women had been exposed to various types of domestic violence by their partner، including psychology violence (58/8%)، physical violence (43/4%)، sexual violence (12/2%) and economic violence (34/2%). Statistically، there was a significant difference between abuse and the following factors: abuse and the following factors: women’s job’s (P=0/03)، economic condition (P=0/03)، educational level، married age and addiction (P<0/001)، monthly income (P<0/05)، married of husbend ‘s age (P=0/03)، numer of childern (P=0/006). However there was not statistically a signiicant difference between abuse and use child gender، lendhth of married، and smoking.. Conclustion: Regarding widespread prevalence of violence against women and related factors،it is recommended to implement national education program to control steress and help younger women to cope with problems in life.