جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « سوءمزاج » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

 Uterus is an important body organ in women responsible for purifying blood and carrying fetus. In Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM), identifying the uterine temperament (mizaj) is necessary for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this organ’s diseases. Many gynecological disorders in TIM including infertility, oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, hypermenorrhea, vaginitis, cervicitis, urinary incontinence and pelvic pain are related to uterine distemperament (Su-e mizaj). Therefore, their appropriate treatment depends on the correct diagnosis and treatment of uterine distemperament. Criteria for uterine distemperament in TIM resources are qualitative with no method for precise measurement of its symptoms. This study aims to develop a standard diagnostic protocol of uterine temperament and distemperament for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

 This is a qualitative study using hybrid concept analysis including three phases: theoretical, fieldwork, and final analytical. In the theoretical phase, TIM resources were reviewed. In the fieldwork phase, experts in TIM and patients were interviewed to extract concepts related to uterine temperaments and distemperaments.

 In the final analytical phase, major and minor criteria for determination of uterine temperament were presented. Then, we had a several meetings with a panel of experts in TIM in order to design the protocol which led to the development of a standard diagnostic protocol of warm and cold uterine temperament/distemperament.

 The proposed protocol is an important step towards harmonizing the methods of diagnosis and treatment in TIM, and can be used for treatment or research purposes.

Background and Purpose:

Hypothyroidism is the second most common metabolic and endocrine disorder in the world. It is also considered as a cause of morbidity and mortality due to its association with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, particularly at old age. Although Levothyroxine is the standard and selected treatment for hypothyroidism, expected results of the current treatment are not achieved in some patients. It seems that the use of the traditional Persian medicine (TPM) capacity can help to better treat these patients. To achieve this, the disease must be explained in traditional Persian medicine. In this regard, it is necessary to compare symptoms of hypothyroidism with symptoms of cold dystemperament (Su-e-Mizaj-e Barid).

Methods and Materials:

The present study is a literature review investigating documented sources of the conventional medicine and the TPM as well as available databases and Comprehensive Library of Medicine software. Differences and similarities of Su-e-Mizaj-e Barid and hypothyroidism were extracted and studied after data classification.

Hypothyroid symptoms including fatigue, lethargy, increased cold sensitivity, constipation, dry skin, nail and hair dryness, puffy face, hoarseness of voice, unexplained weight gain, muscle tenderness and stiffness, arthritis, menstruation disorders (especially menorrhagia) and depression, significantly overlap with symptoms of cold dystemperament according to the traditional Persian medicine. Furthermore, diseases accompanied by hypothyroidism like fatty liver can be associated with cold dystemperament.

Considering the association of hypothyroidism and symptoms of Su-e-Mizaj-e Barid as well as medical strategies of TPM in the cold dystemperament, it seems that the diagnosis and management of imbalanced temperament in patients with hypothyroidism improve the patients’ lifestyle, enhance their health, and decrease hypothyroid symptoms. It is suggested that therapeutic approaches in Su-e-Mizaj-e Barid be evaluated to improve symptoms of hypothyroid patients and regulate the level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), as the current criteria for diagnosis and follow-up, by designing clinical studies.

Digestive diseases are one of the problems of the health system in the world. From the perspective of Persian medicine, the stomach begins the second stage of digestion and its function plays an important role in human health or illness. The written sources of Persian medicine have been widely used to determine the health of the stomach. The purpose of this study is to summarize indices of Mizaj-e-Meda (Temperament of Stomach) identification to help better diagnose the status of health or illness of stomach.
In this review article, 11 valid Iranian medicine sources and scientific databases of Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Elsevier, and web of science as well as Persian indices of SID, Iran Doc, Magiran were searched and the existing views were summarized.
FINDINGS: In the sources of Persian medicine, the indices of different types of Mizaj (temperament) and Su-e-mizaj (abnormal temperament) have been proposed. Seventeen articles on the subject of gastric diseases in Persian medicine were found; one case merely examined gastric symptoms, while others only slightly referred to the indices. Some of the most important indices considered in these sources for identifying the type of Mizaj-e-Meda were the way of digestion, desire for food according to the type of Mizaj (temperament), thirst, appetite, burrow, moisture and taste of the mouth, tongue and mouth condition, flatulence, quality of waste matter, speed of food passage, sour stomach, burning stomach, stomach ache and stomach malmas (touch).
CONCLUTIONS: Persian medicine sources have fully cited gastric indices, which can be used for a more effective diagnose and treatment and even prevention of gastric diseases, and can also be used for designing and validating standard scales for Mizaj-e-Meda (Temperament of Stomach) identification.

Background and Cconstipation is recognized as a widespread digestive disorder that influences the quality of life of affected people. The aim of this study was to review Persian and Chinese traditional medicine about constipation and finding the similarities in its etiology, symptoms and treatments and compare them to modern medicine and presenting a consolidated approach for performing joint research to clarify the mechanism which causes the disease and its effective treatments. This article is a review study in which the information was collected through searching PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Civilica, and SID. Clinical articles and related text books without any time limits were studied using specific keywords. Data was then compared, analyzed and adapted and finally a conclusion was drawn. In Persian and Chinese traditional medicine constipation causes difficult temperament and has various causes and treatments. The scientific capability of Chinese and Iranian medicine and their common cultural and scientific aspects could help in designing a new pattern for diagnosis and treatment of constipation. A consolidated approach and joint researches are suggested for clarifying some hidden aspects of this complication and its treatment.

Amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea are the most common disorders in gynecologic diseases at reproductive age. Oral hormonal therapies are often used for treatment that have lots of side effects. Today the world is moving toward integrating Complementary and Alternative medicine (CAM) into mainstream medicine. Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM) is one of the richest branches of complementary medicine. It uses the term "Ehtebas-e Tams" for both diseases.Dystemperment (Sou-e-mezaj) is one of the major causes of diseases known in Traditional Iranian Medicine and treatment is based on it. In this article, we studied the frequency of symptoms of dystemperments in patients suffering from amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea. A questionnaire was prepared including dystemperment symptoms based on Traditional Iranian Medicine textbooks. The samples included 69 women (15 to 45 years old) suffering from amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea. In this study, the frequency of each symptom is separately mentioned. Camparison between simple dystemperments, cold, and also dry dystemperments were seen more in the patients. Between humoral dystemperments, phlegmatic and melancholic dystemperments were more frequent. In Traditional Iranian Medicine textbooks, the dystemperments responsible for these diseases are exactly the same as listed in the results. This may show that coldness and dryness can be related to retention of mense and also it shows that we can use and trust these texts as a reliable source in our studies and remedies.