جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "عوامل شناختی" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Chronic low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in the world. This study aimed at evaluating the risk of non-specific chronic low back pain and related cognitive risk factors.

This descriptive analytic study was performed in 162 patients in a military hospital in Tehran, Iran 2020. Data were collected using the STarT Back Screening Tool, Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia. Data analysis was carried out in SPSS V25 using independent samples t-test, Chi-square, and multiple logistic regression.

Among the patients, 23.40% and 25.84% had sub-acute and acute low back pains, respectively, and were at high risk for chronic low back pain. Fear-avoidance belief, fear of movement, catastrophizing the pain, and depression were found to be the major risk factors for chronicity risk of acute and sub-acute non-specific low back pain.

Most of the patients studied were at moderate and high chronicity risk for low back pain. Therefore, determining the risk levels of chronic back pain in acute and sub-acute pains and considering all parameters affecting the chronicity of low back pain, e.g. individual and cognitive factors at the beginning of treatment are of great benefit in creating a suitable algorithm for treatment.

The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of Spiritual Psycho Therapy protocol in groups on symptoms, cognitive factors and religious obsession in adult patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.

The present research which was conducted in 2019 was pretest‐posttest semi-experimental. The statistical population were included 25 non-hospitalized adult patients with Obsessive- Compulsive disorder in Roozbeh hospital that 5 members in group were selected voluntary and disposal sampling and participated in 12 sessions spiritual psycho therapy. The questionnaires were Yale Brown obsession compulsion, Peen religious obsession, obsessive beliefs (OBQ-44) and thought- action fusion. The data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software and Cohenchr('39')s and  r were calculated.

Research sample members were female with age mean 42/6 and year of study 12/8. For obsessive compulsive intensity, they were in clinical moderate level. The mean and standard deviation of sub scales in post treatment stage in comparison to pretreatment stage were decreased. In attention to Cohenchr('39')s d and r, Spiritual Psycho Therapy in groups in adult patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, was demonstrate acceptable effect size on present  research variables.

The Spiritual Psycho Therapy in groups can decrease symptoms, obsessive beliefs, thought-action fusion and religious obsession in adult patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

multiple sclerosis is a degenerative disease of central nervous system that causes a lot of psychological problems. the aim of this study was to investigate the cognitive, emotional and social factors in the psychological problems of patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy people. the method of this study was descriptive from its comparative casual types. Statistical population of this study was all of patients with multiple sclerosis were referred to M.S association in the urmia. Sample of this study was 40 patients with multiple sclerosis were referred to M.S association in the urmia and selected by available sampling method. Data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Variance and one-way analysis of variance. The results of this study showed that there is significant deference between two groups in the variables of looming maladaptive style (F=6/526, sig:0/002), negative problem-orientation (F=4/26, sig:0/04), interpersonal emotion regulation (F=3/195, sig:0/02), emotional processing styles (F=2/503, sig:0/04), social desirability (F=18/29, sig:0/000) and rejection sensitivity (F=4/00, sig:0/049) and patients with multiple sclerosis get the higher scores in these variables but there is no differences between two groups in meta-worry. Many psychological problems that these patients experience are in part as a result of cognitive, emotional and social factors that have been studied in current study. Then, paying attention to these factors in the etiology and treatment of psychological problems of these patients can be a useful step in the reducing of these problems and improving of mental health in the patients.

The recognition of a system failure causes and their related factors are considered as the most important factor in preventing accident occurrence in different organizations including industries. Human error is a known important factor in unpredictable events of which cognitive factors are the most influential ones. The purpose of this study was to introduce a new model for individual cognitive factors influencing human error as well as determining the interactions between the factors and their intensity using DEMATEL approach. First a qualitative study was performed in order to identify and elicit the individual cognitive factors influencing human error among the workers of different industries. To ensure the adequacy and comprehensiveness of the elicited factors, then, the experts’ opinion was applied. DEMATEL method was used for understanding the interactions among the individual cognitive factors influencing human error. Finally, using these relationships, a new model of the study was proposed. Calculating D-R and D+R relating to the factors in terms of being cause or effect factor, D-R was -1.213 for C5 as the highest negative value, and D+R was 2.294 for the same factor (C5). Also, threshold level was calculated as 0.087 in the current study In this study, the factors of failure in problem solving and decision making (C5) and difficulty in predicting possible hazards in the workplace are effects and the other factors were the cause factors. The factor of C5 was the highest interactive factor.

With attention to considered various cognitive factors in psychopathology of obsessive- compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, the aim of this study was comparison of Thought Action Fusion (TAF), responsibility and the overestimation of threat (RT), and over importance and Control Thoughts (ICT), Perfectionism and The Intolerance of Uncertainty (PC) cognitive beliefs in Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Major Depression Disorder (MDD) and normal group to more clarification psychopathology of these disorders.
This study is causal-comparative research. The clinical samples include patients referred from January to June 2016 to Sari Shahid Zareh hospital in this regard. From each of these groups, 30 individuals were selected from hospitals and clinics of Sari and 30 individuals were selected accomplish obsessive beliefs questionnaire and thought action fusion scale. Data were analyzed by MANOVA.
The results of MANOVA and Tukey posthoc test showed that OCD group was significantly higher than other groups in TAF, RT and ICT (P0.086). Also, the results showed that all of these cognitive beliefs OCD and GAD groups were significantly higher than depression and normal groups (P According to these results, it seems that TAF, RT and ICT are more specific for OCD, but about PC there isn’t this specialty and it is common cognitive vulnerability in OCD and GAD.