جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « مسمومیت کبدی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Spirulina (Spirulina platensis) has numerous nutritional and therapeutic benefits. This experimental study aimed to investigate the effect of spirulina on changes in the levels of liver enzymes of male BALB/c mice exposed to a high dose of acetaminophen.

In this experimental study, 42 adult male BALB/c mice were divided into seven groups of six. The toxic dose of acetaminophen 600 mg/kg body weight was considered. The control group received only a standard diet and water. The sham group was gavaged with saline solution. The third to seventh groups were treated as: acetaminophen; spirulina 600 mg/kg/bw, spirulina 300 mg/kg/bw, spirulina 600 mg/kg/bw + acetaminophen, and spirulina 300 mg/kg/bw + acetaminophen, respectively. In all groups, mice were treated with acetaminophen and spirulina powder by gavage for 14 consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after receiving the last dose of medication and deprivation of food (the animals still had access to water), the animals were anesthetized and blood samples were taken from the heart. Activity of liver enzymes including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was measured by spectrophotometry. Protein concentration was determined by the Lowry method. Catalase activity was assessed using hydrogen peroxide. The amount of malondialdehyde was measured and the total antioxidant capacity was determined by FRAP method by reducing ferric to ferro ions.

The levels of serum transaminases (ALT, AST, ALP) as well as the level of total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde of the acetaminophen-treated group increased significantly compared to the control group (P<0.05). The levels of these enzymes in the group treated with S. platensis 300 mg/kg/bw + acetaminophen decreased significantly compared to the group treated with acetaminophen (P<0.05). Catalase activity in the acetaminophen group was significantly decreased compared to the control group (P<0.05).In the group of S. platensis 300 mg/kg/bw + acetaminophen, catalase activity increased significantly compared to the acetaminophen group (P<0.05). The results of experiments in two groups of spirulina and acetaminophen showed that the active ingredients of the algae at a dose of 300 worked better than 600 mg per kg of body weight in response to oxidative stress.

Consuming 300 mg/kg of S. platensis along with a near toxic dose of acetaminophen increases resistance to oxidative stress and injuries caused by drug poisoning by affecting the activity of enzymes and the antioxidant defense system.

 The liver is exposed to poisoning caused by various chemical compounds. Considering the antioxidant effects found in melon seeds and the role of NF-κB and MPO in the occurrence of inflammation caused by oxidative stress, in the present study the effect of hydroethanolic extract of C. melo seeds on the transcriptional level of NF-κB and MPO genes in ethylene glycol hepatotoxicity induced rats was evaluated.

 The number of 30 rats was randomly divided into 5 groups including healthy groups, poisoned control (0.75% ethylene glycol), and experimental (0.75% ethylene glycol and concentrations of 150, 300, and 500 mg/kg body weight of the extract) and were treated for 38 days. Then, the liver tissue of the rats was removed and transcriptional levels of NF-κB and MPO genes were evaluated by real-time PCR method.

 The transcriptional level of the NF-κB and MPO in the liver of the poisoned control group rats has a significant increase compared to the healthy group. Treatment with hydroethanolic extract of C. melo seeds in concentrations of 300 and 600 mg/kg of body weight causes a significant decrease in the transcriptional level of the NF-κB gene in the experimental groups. The treatment of hydroethanolic extract of C. melo seeds in concentrations of 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg of body weight causes a significant decrease in the transcription of the MPO gene in the experimental groups compared to the poisoned control group.

 The decrease in MPO and NF-κB indicates the therapeutic effect of melon seed extract on liver damage.

Acetaminophen is a common anti-analgesic and antipyretic medication that in high doses leads to liver and kidney necrosis in humans and animals. Phlomis cancellata, from the mint family, is a plant that has antioxidant properties. In the present study, the hepatoprotective effect of Phlomis cancellata hydroalcoholic extract on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats was investigated.

In this study, 36 male rats were divided into six groups, each including six rats: control group, negative control group, and positive control group (receiving silymarin at a dose of 200 mg/kg) and three experimental groups. All groups, except the control group, were treated with acetaminophen at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight, and the treatment groups of 1, 2, and 3 received a hydroalcoholic extract of Phlomis cancellata (at 200, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg body weight), respectively. After 24 h, all rats were anesthetized and blood was drawn from the heart to examine albumin and bilirubin, and liver enzymes of (ALP, AST, and ALT). Sections of the liver were removed for histological studies. The collected data was analyzed in Minitab software (version 16). The findings were compared using post hoc Tukey and one-way ANOVA tests.

The results indicated that in the treatment and positive control groups, the amount of liver enzymes decreased significantly compared to the negative control group (P<0.001). Histopathologically, necrosis and lymphocytic infiltration were reduced in the groups receiving Phlomis cancellata extract and silymarin.

Hydroalcoholic extract of Phlomis cancellata had a protective role in improving acute acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity.