جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه ".علائم افسردگی" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Divorced women experience more psychological problems, especially depression, compared with married and single women. To explain depression and why it is an underlying factor, we can refer to the self–esteem vulnerability model. According to this model, low self–esteem is considered a risk factor for depression. One of the psychological aspects that can increase a person's ability to cope with self–esteem and are related to depression is psychological flexibility. Conscious attention to the present and the process of acceptance, in addition to the processes of committed action and behavior change, can cultivate psychological flexibility. Another variable that can reduce the probability of depression is the perspective of time. It seems that depression is an essential factor in divorced women after experiencing divorce, which is experienced as high stress and can be influenced by other psychological factors. Hence, this study aimed to develop a model of self–esteem vulnerability and depressive symptoms with the perspective of time, acceptance, action, and psychological flexibility in divorced women.

The current study is analytical based on structural equation modeling in terms of collecting information. The statistical population of this research comprised all divorced women referred to counseling centers in Gonbad City, Iran, in 2020–2021. The research samples consisted of 204 divorced women selected by available sampling. The study data were gathered via the Beck Depression Inventory–II (Beck et al., 1996), Rosenberg Self–esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965), Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999), Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire (Dennis & Vander Wal, 2010), and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II (Bond et al., 2011). After preparing and compiling the research questionnaires and obtaining the necessary permits, the consulting centers of Gonbad were referred, and the questionnaires were given to the participants. In general, 250 questionnaires were distributed, and 204 complete questionnaires were collected. The data were analyzed using The Pearson correlation coefficient structural equation modeling in SPSS version 24 and LISREL version 8.5 software.

The results showed that the direct effect of self–esteem on depression was significant (β=–0.49, p<0.001). Also, the indirect effects of self–esteem on depression (β=–0.17, p=0.022), self–esteem on psychological flexibility (β=0.12, p=0.031), self–esteem on acceptance and action (β=0.03, p=0.047), time perspective on depression (β=–0.08, p=0.039), and time perspective on psychological flexibility (β=0.05, p=0.042) were significant. The total effect of self–esteem on depression was significant (β –0.66, p<0.001). On the other hand, good fit indices indicated a good fit of the model (GFI=0.96, AGFI=0.90, CFI=0.94, IFI=0.94, NFI=0.94, NNFI=0.90, RMSEA=0.079).

According to the findings, it is concluded that self–esteem as an underlying factor is an essential indicator of a person's vulnerability to suffering from depression. It is suggested that self–esteem should be targeted as a critical factor in interventions to reduce depression, especially in divorced women.

As one of the most important members of the health care team, nurses play a vital role in the care-treatment system. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of attachment styles on the symptoms of depression and emotional dysregulation with the mediation of mentalization in nurses.

The present research is a descriptive-correlation type of structural equations. The research community included all the nurses working in hospitals and medical centers in Tehran, and 220 of them were selected by available sampling method. in order to collect data, beck depression inventory-II, adult attachment inventory, reflective functioning questionnaire, and difficulties in emotion regulation Scale were used. For data analysis, Pearson correlation, structural equation modeling and SPSS version 26 and AMOS version 24 software were used.

The results of the findings show the fit of the assumed model. Also, the coefficients of the direct paths of secure attachment style (β = -0.19, T = -2.301), avoidant (β = 0.46, T = 3.39) and ambivalent (T = 0.61, 3.09) = β) was significant to depression. Direct paths of attachment style - secure (T = -0.40, β = -0.28), avoidant (T = β = 0.65, 13) and ambivalent (β = 0.52, T = 3.79) ) was significant to emotional dysregulation. Also, the analysis of research findings indicated the mediating role of mentalization in the relationship between attachment styles and symptoms of depression and emotional dysregulation.

According to the findings of the current research, mentalization has an important effect on the symptoms of depression and emotional dysregulation. Therefore, targeted interventions that are used in order to increase the capacity of mentalization, can probably have better clinical outcomes for nurses.

Depression, as the most serious disease of the century, whose underlying factors play an important role in its formation and continuation, requires the design of treatments that have lasting effects. Based on this, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of Analytical Schema Therapy (AST) in reducing depression symptoms and modulating early emotional needs

Methods and Materials: 

The current research was conducted as a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a three-month follow-up. The statistical population of this research was selected students of Tehran in 2020. The sample size included 24 people who were selected by a targeted method from among those who volunteered for treatment and were randomly assigned to two experimental (12 people) and control (12 people) groups. AST therapeutic intervention was performed for the experimental group during thirty sessions, one session of 60 minutes per week. People in the control group did not receive treatment at this time. The questionnaires used in this research included the Beck depression questionnaire (Beck, 1961) and the early emotional needs questionnaire (Ghaderi et al, 2021). The data obtained from this research were analyzed by the method of variance analysis with repeated measurement and using SPSS 25.0 software.

The results showed that AST treatment has a significant effect on reducing depression symptoms and modulating emotional needs (p<0.001).

According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that AST treatment, with the development of techniques aimed at adjusting emotional needs, can be used as an effective intervention to reduce depression symptoms and adjust early emotional needs.

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders during pregnancy that can appear before or after delivery. Pregnancy is also a stressful phenomenon for fathers. Several factors can affect different aspects of paternal depression. This review study aims to investigate factors related to prenatal and postpartum depression in men. 

By using related keywords, a search was conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed, SID, Magiran, ProQuest, Web of Science, IranDoc, and Cochrane Library, and Scopus on related studies. Finally, 60 studies were selected for the review. 

The findings were classified into three general categories: biological factors (age, baby’s gender, unplanned pregnancy, sleep disorders), psychological factors (economic anxiety, history of illness, maternal postpartum depression, use of antidepressants and tobacco), and social factors (lack of social support and marital disputes). 

It seems that paying attention to these factors can improve paternal depression. However, in order to increase the knowledge of factors related to paternal depression in prenatal and postpartum periods, conducting studies with a qualitative approach is recommended.

Coronary artery disease is one of the most progressive diseases in society, the negative consequences of which affect the mental health of women as one of the most important members of the family and society; Therefore, psychological therapies can be an opportunity without negative consequences in their mental repair. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy in comparison with positive therapy on depressive symptoms, psychological well-being and purpose in life.

The research method is quasi-experimental and is a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population includes female patients referred to Dr. Pourabrahim's office who had coronary artery occlusion and are available using sampling method. The collection tool includes a questionnaire and a protocol.

The results showed that metacognitive and positive therapies are effective on depressive symptoms, psychological well-being and purpose in life. Metacognitive therapy differs from positive therapy in psychological well-being. There is a difference between metacognitive therapy and positive goal-oriented therapy in life.

Therefore, it is concluded that according to the obtained averages, metacognitive treatment has a greater impact on the symptoms of depression and psychological well-being and purpose in the life of women with coronary artery disease, and this requires more attention of trustees to strengthen And the use of therapies in the psychological improvement of patients.

Chronic periodontitis is a slow-growing inflammatory disease that often occurs in adults. In the elderly, periodontal indices may also change due to a number of psychological factors, such as depression and consequent changes in cortisol levels. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the relationship between depression and periodontal indices in the elderly in Amirkola, Northern Iran.

This case-control study, which is part of the second phase of the Amirkola Health and Ageing Project (AHAP) to investigate the health status of the elderly in this city, was performed on 300 elderly people. After examination, subjects were divided into two groups: periodontitis (n=100) and control (n=200). In both groups, the presence of depressive symptoms was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), in which a score of 5 or higher is a sign of depression, and periodontal indices including OHIS and PDI were examined based on PDI≥4 periodontitis criterion. Then, the two groups were compared in terms of the association between periodontal indices and depression.

In this study, 133 were female (44.3%) and 167 were male (55.7%). 35 patients (35%) in the case group and 61 patients (30.5%) in the control group had symptoms of depression. The mean GDS score in patients with periodontitis (3.70±3.68) was slightly higher than healthy individuals (3.49±3.40), but no significant correlation was observed between GDS and PDI. Old age, male gender, lower level of education and smoking were higher in patients with periodontitis, which was statistically significant only in smoking and level of education (p=0.042 and p=0.009, respectively). In this study, a positive and weak relationship was observed between age and PDI (r=0.19 and p=0.001).

The results showed that there is a relationship between periodontal indices and depression. Although it was not statistically significant, it is clinically noteworthy.

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of Analytical Group Therapy in reducing depressive symptoms in depressed patients. This study was applied from the methodological point of view of quasi-experimental research design (pre-test and post-test with control group).

In order to conduct the study, 160 individuals referred to Karaj and Aram Clinic in Karaj during the last trimester of year 96 were selected by non-random sampling method and the participants were selected through a survey measurement tool including clinical interview questionnaire. A structured clinical trial for Axis I disorders and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and Venice answered and 39 of them were purposefully and homogenously selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. . The experimental groups received a 24-session intervention in the analytical group therapy and then the relevant data were collected again. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance to test the research hypotheses.

The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference in the depressive symptoms in the experimental group (in the post-test phase). According to the results of the study, there was a significant difference between the two groups in the control and experimental groups after the intervention. (F = 44.84 and sig. <0.01) While the mean depression after intervention in the experimental group was lower than the control group, the group variable (control and experiment) accounted for 61% of the changes in depression.

The results indicate that group analytical psychotherapy is effective in reducing the symptoms of depression in patients with these symptoms. And alone, it can have long-term effects on th Analytical Group Therapy, Depression Symptoms, Depressed People e improvement of symptoms in these patients.