جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "accidents" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Injuries caused by trauma are among the most important problems of the health system in the world. Although several plans have been implemented to reduce the number of traumatic injuries, the trend of these injuries is still increasing. The present study aimed to investigate musculoskeletal injuries of different organs in patients referred to Seyyed Mostafa Khomeini Hospital in Tabas, Iran, from 2018 to 2023. The present retrospective descriptive study was conducted over five years, from April 2018 to March 2023, on trauma patients referred to Seyyed Mostafa Khomeini Hospital in Tabas City, Iran. The type of trauma and other necessary information were extracted from patients' files, recorded in the relevant checklist, and analyzed using the SPSS (version 27) software. Among the 22,847 samples studied, a total of 16,713 (73%) were male, with a mean age of 32.46±19.72 years. Of the total number of injured individuals, 5,995 (26%) experienced traffic trauma, while the remainder suffered from other types of accidents. Among the injured, 1,144 people (5%) experienced multiple traumas. The highest number of injuries occurred in 2022, accounting for 28.2%. Most affected individuals were between 20 and 40 years old. Regarding injury sites, the wrist sustained the most damage (35.1%), while the nerves and vessels experienced the least damage (0.02%). Given the significant impact of trauma on an individual's life, it is essential to implement planning, preventive measures, and cultural awareness initiatives in society to reduce the occurrence of such incidents.

Trauma is considered as one of the important causes of maternal death, which imposes a large financial burden on the medical system. During the recent few years, the mortality of pregnant mothers following direct complications of pregnancy and delivery has decreased, but the mortality due to trauma is increasing. The present study was designed with aim to investigate the etiology and prognosis of trauma in pregnant women.

In this cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in 2023 in Hasheminezhad hospital of Mashhad, the frequency of trauma in 122 pregnant women referring to the accident emergency room of Mashhad Hasheminezhad Hospital was investigated. To study the etiology and outcome of pregnant women with complain of trauma, demographic information and the information related to the etiology and outcome of patients were extracted from the trauma registry. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 26). P<0.05 was considered significant.

The mean age of patients was 30.60 ± 7.51 years. The most common cause of trauma was traffic accidents in 65 cases (53.3%) and most of them were in the second trimester of pregnancy. The most common site of injury was abdomen (80.4%) and the most common complication was abortion (5.73%) and placental abruption (4.91%). There were 13 (10.3%) patients who lost their pregnancy.

In this study, the most common cause of trauma was car accidents and most of the patients were young, who may have multiple pregnancies by the end of their childbearing years. Therefore, providing educational content to this group in the future may reduce maternal and fetal complications caused by trauma.

Accidents as the second cause of disability and the main cause of disability and death can lead to physical and mental disorders and even death. The present study was conducted to investigate the mortality caused by accidents and incidents in Babol, Northern Iran, based on the international classification of diseases.

This cross-sectional study was conducted retrospectively on all the deaths recorded during the years 2016-2022 in registration and classification system of causes of death caused by accidents and incidents at the health department of Babol. Deaths caused by accidents and incidents were extracted and analyzed based on ICD-10.

Out of 18265 deaths, 1305 cases (15.7%) were related to accidents and incidents, of which 686 deaths (52.57%) were caused by traffic accidents. The highest frequency of accidents and incidents was 576 cases (44.13%) due to a person being injured in an unknown (traffic) accident and 182 cases (13.95%) being exposed to an unknown factor. The mean age in deaths caused by accidents and incidents in the traffic accident group was 46.05±22.07 and in the non-traffic accident group was 43.35±23.49 years (p=0.033). As the decades of age increased, the death rate increased (p<0.001).

Based on the results of this study, most of the deaths caused by accidents and incidents based on the classification system of the causes of death were due to the injury of a person in an unknown accident, exposure to unknown factors and poisoning.

Nowadays, accidents are one of the significant public health problems in the world, especially in Iran. The purpose of this study was to perform an exploratory factor analysis of the questionnaire on socio-economic factors affecting the accidents of injured drivers in West Azerbaijan province, Iran.

In this cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study, 310 drivers who had a traffic accident and were hospitalized in 2020 were recruited. This research consisted of six stages (identification of variables, determining the explanatory indicators, controlling the data fitness, determination of the method and number of factors to be extracted, selection of the method for factor generation, interpretation and naming of factors) and provides recommendations to achieve desired results. The data were analyzed using SPSS v.25 software.

According to the KMO and Bartlett tests, respectively, the correlation and the adequacy of the sample size showed that the indicators could be a factor. By using the method of maximum likelihood analysis and factor rotation method, two factors with eigenvalues greater than one were extracted, and the Scree plot confirmed those two factors. These two factors explained a total of 64.24 of the variance of all variables. Varimax factor rotation was also used to identify items. These factors were direct and indirect factors that affected the occurrence of accidents. In addition, Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α = 0.84) showed the reliability of the above results.

The results showed the validity of the constructs of this questionnaire, and this tool be used in research related to traffic, job promotion, income increase, car safety, education, and public health.

Acknowledging that preventing accidents and natural disasters is not always feasible, the presence of a well-prepared hospital can significantly mitigate fatalities and injuries resulting from such events. This study aimed to evaluate the readiness of naval hospitals in responding to accidents and natural disasters.

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019-1400 at three selected Navy hospitals using Heydaranlou et al.'s (2015) functional preparedness tool for handling natural disasters and accidents.

Hospital A scored 465, Hospital B scored 442, and Hospital C scored 378, placing them in the average range (60%-41%). The study assessed 17 dimensions across the hospitals. Hospital A excelled in risk assessment and rapid warning systems with a perfect score (100%), while Hospital B lagged in security preparedness with a score of 13.91%. Hospital C demonstrated weak recovery capabilities post-disaster with a score of 27/27, falling within the weak category (40%-21%). Hospital A scored exceptionally well in risk assessment (100%) but poorly in security preparedness (2.27%).

The evaluation of the three naval hospitals indicates they are moderately prepared compared to civilian hospitals. The findings suggest a focus on hospital accreditation standards. Collaboration among these hospitals could enhance preparedness, reduce costs, and improve future evaluations to achieve higher scores.

Iran has the highest annual fatality rate in traffic accidents among countries in the world.  This study is designed to predict the protective behaviors of intra-urban traffic accidents based on the constructs of the theory of planned behavior (TPB).

This descriptive-analytic study was conducted in 2022 in Yazd city on 140 people with driver's license using stratified random sampling method. Data were collected through a questionnaire with three parts including demographic variables, evaluation of the TPB constructs, and assessment of socio-cultural factors of driving behaviors.  Data analysis was performed by SPSS version 26 using one-sample t-test, Chi-square, and univariate linear regression tests.

In this study, the mean age of subjects was 39/1 with a standard deviation of 11. Based on the results of the study, 33% of the variance related to protective driving behavior could be predicted with the variables included in the model. The constructs of behavioral intention (β=0/414, p<0/0001) and perceived behavioral control (β= 0/246 p= 0/003) were the determinants of protective behaviors in Yazd city drivers.

In the present study, the perceived behavioral control was the strongest predictor of protective behavioral intention in intra-urban driving. Sometimes, performing a behavior necessitates the acquisition of skills that a person lacks, and increasing perceived behavioral control can lead to improved driving skills. Therefore, TPB offers an effective theoretical framework for increasing the efficacy of traffic accident prevention initiatives.

Injuries among children are one of the problems of childhood worldwide. The present study aimed to assess the factors related to the belief and performance of mothers in preventing injuries among children under five years of age using the health belief model (HBM).

This was a descriptive study that conducted on 201 mothers with children under 5 years of age who were randomly selected from health centers in Arak, Iran in 2022-2023. Data was collected through a four-part questionnaire consisting of demographic information, items on knowledge, questions related to constructs of the HBM, and a questionnaire on previous injury records. Data were analyzed by using t-test, ANOVA, chi-square, Pearson correlation and linear regression.

The mean age of the mothers was 33.84±7.24 years and it was 48.23±16.48 months for children. The mean knowledge score of mothers was 40.06±14.74 (out of 100 marks). Also, the mean score for perceived benefits (80.08±12.24) and perceived barrier (64.41±17.13) had the highest and lowest scores respectively (out of 100 scores). There was a significant relationship between education and perceived sensitivity score (p=0.002) and perceived severity (p=0.012). Child's age, susceptibility, and perceived benefits predicted a total of 38% (R2=0.38) of mothers' preventive behavior.

The health behavior of mothers in preventing childhood injuries was significantly influenced by the mother's understanding of the child's vulnerability and the benefits of taking timely and effective action to reduce possible risks.

Spiritual resilience is one of the criteria for measuring individual resilience most considered in Islamic societies. The study aimed to evaluate the spiritual resilience level of flooded areas in 2018.

This was a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study. The studied population was first and second-high school students in flood-stricken areas of Golestan province. Sampling was done as a cluster from different disciplines of girls' and boys' schools. To evaluate students' spiritual resilience level, the tool "Adolescent Resilience in Disasters" was used with Cronbach's alpha of 0.86. Descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and analytical (Pearson correlation, ANOVA, T-test) statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22 software.

The results showed that girls have more spiritual resilience than boys. Age, gender, level of education, and living area are among the influential factors in the resilience of adolescents in disasters.

Spiritual resilience affects the level of students' resilience directly and indirectly. The level of resilience in adolescents during accidents and disasters can help their mental health.

Road accidents are the main cause of injuries and the most important causes of  disability and death worldwide. Traffic accidents are the eighth cause of death in the world and the first cause of death in the ages of 15-29 years. Approximately, a quarter of the world’s road deaths occur among motorcyclists. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the consequences of traffic accidents leading to injuries and hospitalization in motorcyclists of Dezful in 2018.

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the hospital records of injured motorcyclists in Ganjavian Hospital in 2018 were reviewed. The information in the files were collected and analyzed through a researcher-made checklist containing demographic information and the consequences of incidents.

The results showed that the mean age of the subjects was 29.24±16.10 years. The most trauma was to the head and neck (31.8%) and then the lower extremity (30.09%). The orthopedic surgery with 80.8% and screw andplates as its surgical tools with 59.6% had the highest rank.

According to the pattern of consequences of traffic accidents, if politicians pay attention to the prevention of traffic accidents, especially in the age group of adolescents and young people, the workload of specialists can be reduced and by using the vital capacity of hospitals for other necessary cases.

The road accidentsis one of the most comprehensive health problems in the world This reasearch is doe with ths purpose developing the etiology patterns of road accident in Gilan province.

This reasearch was a descriptive sectional and cross- analytical study that was done in two stages. At the first stage, a questionnaire was developed by searching sources and experts. Then, the important components and desired  dimensions were identified in the initial models, then the initial questionnaire was developed and submitted to the expert for approval. The Finak questionnre responses and  used Likert scales. Validity and reliability of research contents were measured by experts, and 670 drivers were interviewed person or by calling to the phone numbers for integration of  questionnaire. The data was entered into SPSS and PLS software and used statistical methods of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, the final pattern was extracted.

The model as presented with six human factors-visual view barriers – the cause of traffic – the cause space- type of accident and the defect of the road, which can inclue 64.406 of the variable variances of the cause of road accidents.Human factors have the greatest influence 0.774 and road defects have the least influence 0.03 in the proposed pattern.

Based on the result of researches about human factors –vehicle and roads have important and significnt role in causes of road accidents and by knowing these factors, managers can be enable to do necessary actions for controling and reduction of road accidents.