جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "anterior cruciate ligament" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Posterior tibial slope (PTS) is a crucial radiographic measurement to determine the tibial plateau angle relative to its shaft.

In this study, PACS images related to 612 patients who had visited the hospital for reasons such as knee injury or pain, physical examination, or knee reevaluation and had undergone X-ray examination were examined. PTS measurements were obtained using the GE CENTRICITY PACS software and subjected to analysis.

The distribution of mean PTS in right and left angles revealed no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.830). Comparing the mean PTS distribution between men and women, there was no significant difference in left and right PTS (P > 0.05). Additionally, comparing mean PTS between the right and left sides across different age groups showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.001).

This study identified the normal range of PTS values in knee joints of healthy Iranian adults, which can serve as a guide for personalized treatments. We hope that the results of this study will encourage knee prosthesis manufacturers to consider the obtained PTS measurements, as well as gender and age differences, in their product development for the Iranian population.

 Asymmetrical gait mechanics after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are associated with the development of post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis. Current measures of gait mechanics have focused on peak magnitudes of knee kinematics, kinetics, and joint contact forces; nonetheless, they have seldom considered the plantar pressure and muscular frequency content in individuals with ACLR and pronate feet (PF). The present study aimed to compare ACLR and PF with healthy controls during walking.

The present study was conducted based on a quasi-experimental and laboratory design. The sample of this study comprised 13 people with ACLR and PF and 13 subjects from the healthy group. The mean age scores of patients in the two groups of healthy and sick participants were 22.9±4.1 and 23.2±4.5 years, respectively. During the test, subjects walked barefoot on an 18-m runway. Peak plantar pressure variables in both groups were recorded by a foot scan system (sampling rate: 300 Hz). The electromyography activity of the tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and gluteus medius were recorded during walking.

The results demonstrated that the peak midfoot region plantar pressure values (P=0.018) were higher in the ACLR/PF group than in the healthy group during walking. In addition, the results highlighted a significant difference in the muscle frequency content of the rectus femoris (P=0.012, d=0.68) and vastus latelarlis (P=0.042) during the loading response and push-off phase in the ACLR/PF group compared to the healthy group during walking.

Peak plantar pressure values at the midfoot region and rectus femoris and vastus lateralis muscular frequency content in the ACLR/PF group differed from that of the healthy group during walking.

The risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in childhood has increased in recent decades and could be a major threat to a child's sports career. An increased risk of ACL injury is associated with dynamic knee valgus (DKV). Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effect of an ACL injury protocol on the LESS, proprioception, and DKV of child soccer players.

In this study, thirty male football players with DKV (mean ± SD: age 11.40 ± .72 years, weight 36.62 ± 4.68 kg, height 141.10 ± 3.98 m) were randomly assigned into two groups: control (n=15) and training (n=15). Single-leg landing, LESS, and knee joint proprioception tests were administered before and after the implementation of the training protocol. After identifying the variables, the training group performed the injury proprioception program for eight weeks, with three training sessions each lasting 20–25 minutes per week. The control group continued their normal warm-up routine. To examine the difference between the pre-test and post-test, repeated measures ANOVA was conducted using SPSS 26 software with a significance level of 0.05.

The results of the research showed that after eight weeks of the injury prevention program, there was a significant improvement in reducing the valgus angle of the knee (p=0.005, F=9.369, η²=0.251), reducing the LESS scores (p=0.002, F=12.374, η²=0.306) and improving proprioception (p=0.003, F=10.251, η²=0.268).

According to the results of the research, it can be concluded that Stop-X injury prevention program can lead to improvements in knee valgus pattern, LESS and proprioception in child soccer players. Using the results of this research is recommended to soccer coaches and training experts.

Strengthening and improving neuromuscular control in various ways, including technique modification, in order to prevent sports injuries, as a principle, is always of interest to researchers and athletes. Landing technique after jumping during sports such as volleyball is known as one of the most important non-contact mechanisms of knee joint ligament injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dynamic neuromuscular stability (DNS) exercises on knee functional tests in female athletes.

30 female volleyball players (age 22.06±3.39 years, height 1.67±0.04 m, weight 63.70±8.86 kg and body mass index 22.81±3.38 kg/m2) with at least three years of experience in volleyball training, they participated in this research and were randomly divided into two control groups (15 people) and an experimental group (15 people). Tuck Jump and Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) tests were recorded as subjects' performance scores. The kinematic variables of the subjects' lower limbs were measured by two cameras from the sagittal and frontal views during the Tuck Jump and LESS tests, before and after DNS exercises. The functional error of the subjects was recorded using the Kinovea software and recorded in the special table for scoring the tests. The subjects of the experimental group participated in the program of DNS exercises for 6 weeks and 3 sessions per week (each session lasting about 50 minutes). In order to analyze the data, independent and dependent parametric t-tests were used for data with normal distribution, and Mann Whitney U and Wilcoxon non-parametric tests were used for data with non-normal distribution in SPSS version 23 software.

The findings of the current research showed that DNS exercises was led to a significant decrease in the average Tuck Jump errors from 10.66 in the pre-test to 7.80 in the post-test (p=0.001), the score of the LESS from 8.13 in the pre-test to 4.53 in the post-test (p=-0.001) and the ligament dominance score decreased from 1.40 in the pre-test to 0.8 in the post-test (p=0.003) in the experimental group.

According to the results of the present study, it seems that performing DNS exercises in female volleyball players reduces the risk of injury and improves Motor-performance and is probably effective in the rehabilitation of athletes. Therefore, the use of DNS exercises in sports with frequent jumps and landings such as volleyball is recommended to prevent ACL injury.

The aim of this research was to compare the vertical, medial-lateral and anterior-posterior components of ground reaction force after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with the healthy individuals during walking.

This was an analytic cross sectional research. The participants of this research included 46 football and volleyball athletes, who were divided into two groups of individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and healthy individuals. A force plate was employed to evaluate the components of the ground reaction force while walking.The data were statistically analysed using independent t test and SPSS version 16 software.

The results related to the vertical component of ground reaction force showed that the participants with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction applied more force to the ground during heel strike and toe-off compared to healthy individuals, although the difference between the two groups was not significant (p=0.09 and p=0.35), but this difference was greater during heel strike. Likewise, the results related to the horizontal components of the ground reaction force showed that participants with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction applied more force to the ground in all horizontal components of the ground reaction force, but the biggest difference between the two groups was in the first 20% of the stance phase and in the posterior (p<0.007) and lateral (p<0.02) directions. This difference between the two groups was significant.

The results of the research showed that the most important difference between the two groups occurred in the first 20% of the stance phase. Although among the 6 measured components, only the posterior (p < 0.007) and medial (p < 0.02) ground force components were significant.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of cross-training on the intensity of electrical activities and the functional quality of the muscles of athletes with anterior cruciate ligament injury during walking.

This semi-experimental study utilized a pre-test/post-test design. The statistical population included the athletes from Qeshm Island and Bandar Abbas City (football and volleyball), who had at least six months since their anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. In this research, there were 30 participants who were divided into two training groups and a control group. The average age of the training group was 24.15 ± 7.89 and the control group was 24.97 ± 7.18 years. The electrical activity of the muscles was measured by an electromyography device in two phases, 100 milliseconds before (in the swing phase) and 200 milliseconds after the contact of the foot with the ground (in the stance phase). Also, the force plate device was used to measure the functional quality of the muscles. Ground reaction force; GRF and center of pressure; COP fluctuations were measured from the time of foot contact with the ground to 200 milliseconds after contact (in the stance phase), before and after cross training. The data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 25 and Repeated Measures ANOVA.

In the swing phase (100 milliseconds before the heel strike), the electromyography data of the research showed that after a period of cross training, the electrical activity of all the selected muscles increased, but this increase was significant in the tibialis anterior(from 45.18 to 48.31 microvolts) (p=0.009), rectus femoris (from 38.54 to 40.17 microvolts) (p=0.004), and gluteus medius (from 29.18 to 33.50 microvolts) (p=0.005). Also, the results of examining the electrical activity of the muscles in the stance phase (200 milliseconds after the heel strike), showed that the intensity of the electrical activity of all muscles increased after a period of cross training, but this increase was significant,  in the anterior tibial (from 09 44.56 to 49.5 microV) (p=0.001), vastus medialis(from 48.00 to 56.58 microV) (p=0.004), rectus femoris (from 45.18 to 48.31 microV) (p=0.02), biceps femoris (from 40.54 to 48.74 μV) (p=0.007) and gluteus medius (from 34.09 to 39.17 μV) (p=0.01). The results of the data related to moror control, (including the components of the ground reaction force and the fluctuations of the center of pressure from the time of the heel strike to 200 milliseconds later) after a period of cross training, a significant reduction has been shown in the vertical components (from 16 123.75 to 113.75 percent of weight in kilograms) (p=0.001), and the posterior component of the ground reaction force (from 23.12 to 19.15 percent of weight in kilograms) (p=0.002), and also in the fluctuations of the pressure center in the lateral direction (from 1.39 to 1.18 mm/s) (p=0.004) and the anterior direction (from 1.32 to 1.52 mm/s) (p=0.001).

Cross- training has been able to create changes in the injured leg through positive neuroplasticity in the motor cortex of the brain, which not only increases muscle activity, but also improves the quality and control of movement. It is suggested for sports injury and rehabilitation specialists to positively transfer the quality of movement to the injured leg It is suggested for sports injury and rehabilitation specialists to positively transfer the quality of movement to the injured leg. These exercises can be used to prevent anterior cruciate ligament injury and also in the initial time after the injury )when the person is unable to move the injured leg( or even after months of the injury.

The aim of anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention programs is to correct or eliminate risk factors and ultimately reduce injury. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of neuromuscular exercises on knee and ankle joint proprioception in male soccer player students prone to anterior cruciate ligament injury.

In this quasi-experimental research, 24 male soccer players prone to anterior cruciate ligament injury at Khorazmi University of Tehran in 2018 were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (n=12) and control groups (n=12). Two days before the commencement of neuromuscular training, knee and ankle proprioception assessment was performed on all subjects. The members of the experimental group participated in the neuromuscular training program for six weeks (3 sessions per week). Two days after finishing the training, all subjects were re-evaluated. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) using Shapiro-Wilk, covariance, and paired t-tests.

In this study, among 24 students prone to anterior cruciate ligament injury, 12 cases performed neuromuscular training for six weeks. The results demonstrated that knee proprioception (P=0.013) and ankle proprioception (in inversion movement p=0.032, in eversion movement P=0.047) in the experimental group improved significantly after six weeks of neuromuscular training compared to the control group (P≤0.05).

As evidenced by the obtained results, the use of neuromuscular training can be recommended to improve the proprioception of the knee and ankle joints and ultimately prevent anterior cruciate ligament injury.

Background and Aims:

 Different shoe weights affect the gait mechanics. Some dynamic changes or adjustments induced by anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction can be assessed through the analysis of the ground reaction forces (GRFs). This study aims to determine the effect of sports shoe weight on gait kinetics in athletes with ACL reconstruction.

 Twenty healthy men and 20 athletes with ACL reconstruction volunteered to participate in this study. Each participant performed three walking trials with shoes having light (weight: 150±18 g), moderate (300±18 g), and heavy (450±18 g) weights in a randomized order. The GRFs were analyzed during shod walking. 

The GRF component at vertical direction during the heel contact phase changed significantly during the use of shoes with different weights (P=0.001). In addition, the GRF at vertical direction during the push-off phase and GRF at mediolateral direction during the push-off phase increased significantly (P=0.023 and 0.014, respectively).

The biomechanics of lower limbs and the GRFs are significantly different when using light and heavy shoes during the heal contact and push-off phases of walking.

Athletes with a history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction need to return to sports after completing their medical rehabilitation, but they usually refuse to do so due to several months of absence from sports and fear of re-injury. Therefore, for these people, an ideal training protocol with appropriate intensity should be considered, so that they can prepare to return to sports, mentally and physically. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of suspension exercises using TRX (total body resistance exercise) on the fear of re-injury and return to sport criteria in athletes with a history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

The sample of the present study included 26 male athletes (football and futsal) aged 18 to 30 years with a history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, who were randomly divided into two experimental groups of 13 people (Age 24.54±3.45 years, Height 179.15±4.27 cm, Weight 82.31±6.67 kg, BMI 25.58±1.04) and control (Age 24.62±3.79 years, Height 179.00±3.91 cm, Weight 82.62±10.57 kg, BMI 25.77±2.83). To check the level of fear of re-injury, the Tempa 11 questionnaire was used, and to evaluate the criteria for returning to sports, side jump, 8 jump, and single leg triple jump tests were used. After the pre-test, the athletes did exercises for 6 weeks and at the end, the post-test was performed. The comparison of the mean variables between the two groups in the pre-test and post-test was done using the analysis of covariance test at a significance level of 0.05.

The results showed that 6 weeks of suspension training using TRX led to a significant decrease in the scores of fear of re-injury tests of Tempa 11 (p=0.001), single leg side jump (p=0.001) and single leg 8 jump (p=0.001) and there was a significant increase in the single leg triple jump test score (p=0.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group.

Among the features of TRX trainings are the ease of doing these exercises, affordable cost, and the ability to perform them at any time and place. Also, considering that the results of this research showed that performing TRX trainings can improve the athletes' performance and reduce the fear of re-injury in Tempa 11 tests, side jumps, 8 jumps and single leg triple jumps, so to all trainers Sports and therapists are suggested to use the exercises used in this research to improve the performance and reduce the fear of athletes with a history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Controlling balance and maintaining posture is the foundation of all voluntary motor skills, complex performance, and perceptual processes. In other words, maintaining balance depends on the integrated coordination of sensory messages. Sensory receptors in muscles, joints, ligaments, and skin send information about the sense of position and movement to the central nervous system. Sensory data are processed to determine direction and movement, and finally, appropriate movement responses are delivered to maintain balance. Balance is a multi-sensory activity composed of properly functioning the bodily, vestibular, and visual sensory systems. The knee's anterior cruciate ligament is rich in mechanoreceptors and is a crucial sensorimotor component in postural control. The anterior cruciate ligament is the most important knee ligament and is the main factor controlling the forward movement of the knee. Considering the sensory role of the anterior cruciate ligament and its rich source of proprioception and position in controlling balance from the point of view of movement control, one of the important measures after the injury of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee is the evaluation of neuromuscular function. One of the most important aspects of neuromuscular assessment is balance control. This study determines the importance of the amount and significance of pasteurization control.

The present study was a case-control study. The study population includes athletes with unilateral anterior cruciate ligament injuries and healthy athletes living in Kermanshah City, Iran. The statistical sample consisted of 30 people with and without unilateral anterior cruciate ligament injury. They were divided into two groups: 15 in the control group and 15 in the experimental group, aged 20 to 30. According to the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria, the athletes referred to orthopedic centers, physiotherapy, and sports teams with anterior cruciate ligament injury for at least 6 months and at most 2 years were identified and selected. By choosing an athlete with anterior cruciate ligament injury, a healthy athlete matched with the injured athlete in age, height, weight, and type and level of sports experience was selected as a healthy athlete to participate in the research. A range was considered for each matching criterion to match healthy and injured athletes. The acceptable range for height was 5 cm, weight 3 kg, and age 3 years. Also, the participants were matched in terms of sports field and sports background. To match the activity level of the subjects, the Persian version of the Tegner physical activity level scale was used. It should be noted that the goal of the researchers in determining the range was to form two identical groups, and this range was chosen due to the limited number of available samples. At first, written consent was taken from them to participate in the research. The subjects were assessed for dynamic and static test control in the first step. The Y test was used for dynamic evaluation, and the Bess test was used for static analysis. To analyze the data, the independent t test was used to compare the between groups at a significant level of 0.05. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to investigate the normal distribution of data.

The results showed a difference between dynamic balance (p<0.001) and static (p=0.05) in athletes with anterior cruciate ligament injury and healthy counterparts in the dominant leg.

According to the results of the present study, athletes who underwent anterior cruciate ligament surgery in the knee after surgery had recovered from postural control disorder in the affected limb (lack of resistance to the balancing factor). Perhaps with the benefit of advanced rehabilitation principles, it is possible to enhance the sense of proprioception further, recover your balance acceptably, and return to patterns similar to those of healthy people.