جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "cell phone use" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Academic burnout in students can be caused by various reasons such as family distance, inability to communicate properly with other peers, and the large volume of courses that hurt academic performance, and achievement. This study investigated the relationship between cell phone addiction and internet addiction, with academic burnout in medical students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.

This was a cross-sectional (descriptive-analytical) study performed on medical students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2020. One-hundred and ninety-nine students in basic sciences, physiopathology, internship, and externship were selected by the simple random method. Research instruments included the Kimberly Young Internet Addiction Test (IAT), the Koohy Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The data were analyzed by the descriptive statistics tests, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Bonferroni post hoc test, multiple linear regression, and SPSS-25 software.

The mean score of internet addiction in internship students is lower than in other courses (P< 0.001). Also, the mean score of cell phone addiction in female students was higher than male students. However, the mean score of total burnout was not different based on gender, marital status, educational level, and residence status (P> 0.05). Also, the linear regression results showed that internet use could increase academic burnout in students (P< 0.001). However, cell phone addiction did not affect academic burnout (P> 0.05).

Internet addiction can increase the risk of academic burnout in students. However, cell phone use does not increase this risk.

 Sedentary behavior (SB) is considered a risk factor for musculoskeletal pain. We aimed to explore the association of sedentary behavior indicators with neck pain among children and adolescents.

 A comprehensive review was performed in different databases until the end of January 2022. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals were used as desired effect sizes to evaluate the association between prolonged screen time or mobile phone (MP) usage and neck pain risk.

 Among 1651 records, 15 cross-sectional studies were included in the systematic review, and 7 reports were included in the meta-analysis. Our results suggested a significant relationship between prolonged MP use and neck pain (OR=1.36, 95% CI=1.001–1.85, I2=40.8%, P value for heterogeneity test=0.119). Furthermore, a marginally insignificant association was found between prolonged screen time and neck pain (OR=1.13, 95% CI=0.98–1.30, I2=60.3%, P value=0.01); however, after sensitivity analysis and removing one study, this association became significant (OR=1.30, 95% CI=1.03–1.64). Moreover, a significant association between prolonged sitting time and neck pain was reported in two studies.

 Available good-quality evidence reveals a significant mild association between sedentary behavior and the risk of neck pain among children and adolescents. However, longitudinal studies with objective measurement tools are warranted. In particular, potential preventive educational programs are suggested for pediatrics to reduce sedentary behavior and neck pain.

Academic underachievement is a growing phenomenon among medical students, influenced by several factors.

This study investigated the relationship between academic underachievement and problematic cell phone use among medical students at Kerman University of Medical Sciences.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 medical students at KUMS during the academic year 2019. The Persian version of Problematic Cellular Phone Use Questionnaire was used for data collection. Also, the demographic data of the students were recorded, and they were asked to declare if they had a history of academic underachievement in the previous year. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20.0 using Chi-square test and logistic regression.

The mean age of medical students was 22.41±2.6 years, and the majority (74.3 %) of them were female. The chance of academic underachievement was 6.37 times higher in medical students who have problematic cellular phone use compared to those without it (OR=6.37, P=0.001). Also, this chance was 4.45 times higher in medical students who had a history of psychological disorders compared to those without (OR=4.45, P=0.02).

The current study revealed that the chance of academic underachievement was higher in medical students with problematic cellular phone use and a history of psychological disorders. Given that academic underachievement is not uncommon, its related factors must be appropriately identified and intervened on time.

Despite the lack of conclusive and proven supporting epidemiologic data about the association between cell phone radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) and the developing fetus complications, there are frequent discussions about this matter.

A medical student interviewed eligible pregnant women admitted to Al Zahra Hospital, an academic referral hospital in the North of Iran, to fill questionnaires intended to assess maternal demographic data and their attitude towards cell phone use during pregnancy in 2020.

A total of 322 pregnant women with the mean age of 30.12 ± 6.81 years enrolled in the survey, in which 3.1% of them were non-cell phone users, and 6.052% of all did not use a cell phone during the first trimester. Also, 38.81% of them mentioned healthcare providers as the main source of obtaining information, while 40.6% did receive any information. The mean years of cell phone use and the daily hours were 8.26 ± 4.1 and 2.66 ± 2.02, respectively. Also, 64.3% believed that cell phone use poses risks to the fetus, while 26.7% had no idea. A positive association was also found concerning maternal awareness from cell phones harmfulness to the fetus and maternal education, residency, and employment (P < 0.0001).

In this study, the majority of pregnant women believed that cell phone use during pregnancy could be harmful to the fetus; however, most of them were cell phone users with no special consideration even during the first trimester. It seems that the importance of the issue must be revealed to them by more healthcare providers’ interventions.

There is growing evidence that the problematic use of mobile phone is an evolving problem. Although some studies have noted a greater prevalence in the Middle East, intercultural differences have not been sufficiently studied to date. The present study, therefore, aims at reviewing Iranian published studies on the problematic use of mobile phone in Iran. This study was conducted as a review study. For this purpose, we searched all published studies in this field that were conducted in Iran and reviewed all of the articles by studying the prevalence of the problematic use of cell phone in Iran, the adopted measuring instruments, the employed terms, predictors of the problematic use of cell phone, and the consequences of the problematic use of cell phone. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 47 articles were selected for evaluation. Among the problematic consequences, sleep disturbance was the most studied factor. Additionally, gender, feeling of loneliness, attachment stiles and age were mostly referred to as predictors. In addition, the reported prevalence varied from 0.9% to 64.5%, depending on the studied population and the measuring instruments. The diversity of reported prevalence rate of problematic use of mobile phone in Iran can be related to the ambiguity of the concept of “problematic use” and the diversity of the employed measuring tools. Thus, care should be taken in generalizing and interpreting the results.

There is a paucity of research examining the pattern of and factors that influence cell phone use while driving in Iran. This study aimed to report the prevalence of and factors related to cell phone use while driving based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, among a sample of college students in Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kerman, Iran, in 2016. Participants volunteered to participate after the study was advertised. We used the Texting While Driving questionnaire (TWD) based on the theory of planned behavior for data collection and used SPSS 22 to calculate linear regression and Pearson correlation coefficients. Two hundred and fifty-seven (n= 257) students completed the questionnaire. Participants were between the ages of 18 and 47 years; 54.4% were females; 52.1% were single; 47.1% were undergraduate students, and 47.9% did not work. There was a significant relationship between intention toward sending and reading text messages while driving and gender, attitude, subjective norm, Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC), and moral norm. Also, there was a significant relationship between willingness to send and read text messages while driving and PBC, subjective norm, group norm, and moral norm. For intention, personal factors were involved, and willingness was affected by both personal factors and friend/peer groups. Texting while driving is prevalent among college students in Kerman; and intention and willingness to do this, is affected by several factors. Our findings suggest needs for the individual and peer- group training, and increasing awareness about the dangers of using cell phones while driving among this sample.

Nomophobia is the fear of being disconnected from one’s mobile phone, prevailing in modern area. To the best of our knowledge, no Persian psychometric scales are available for investigating nomophobia among Iranians. Therefore, we here aimed to translate and validate the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) for being used in Iran. The NMP-Q was translated from English to Persian using a classical “backward and forward” procedure. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was carried out to explore the underlying factor structure of the translated questionnaire. A principal component analysis (PCA) approach with varimax rotation was further performed. 425 volunteer students were included. Among them, 80.2% were 20-30 years old. Men and women constituted 187 (44.0%) and 238 (56.0%) of the participants, respectively. 100 (23.5%) of the subjects were medicine graduates. Using mobile phones for more than 5 years was noted in 215 (50.6%) subjects. Also, 422 (99.3%) subjects connected to the Internet via their cellphones. Regarding cellphone usage, 301 (70.8%) subjects used them less than 5 hours a day, 158 (37.2%) subjects checked their cellphones less than 10 times a day, and 92 (21.6%) subjects checked their cellphones every 20 minutes. Eigenvalues and the scree-plot supported a 3-factorial nature of the translated questionnaire. NMP-Q showed an overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.93 (the coefficients of 0.90, 0.77, and 0.71 for the three factors, respectively). The first, second, and third factors explained 26.30%, 20.84%, and 17.60% of the variance, respectively. The total score of NMP-Q correlated with the hours spent with mobile phones, the years of using them, and the age. Our findings showed that the Persian version of the NMP-Q was a valid and reliable tool for evaluating nomophobia among Iranians.

Analyzing the possible negative effects of using cell phones on the users’ health is an important and vital affair due to rapid growth and extensive use of these devices on human communications and interactions. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of increasing the distance of cell phones to brain tissue on the temperature of the central and gray matters of brain due to the heat generated by radio frequency waves.
This study was an experimental study. A cow’s brain tissue was analyzed in a compartment with three thicknesses of 2, 12, and 22 mm, in the distances of 4 mm and 4 cm from a cell phone for 15 min. Lutron thermometer was used to measure the tissue temperature, and the data analysis were done by Lutron and MATLAB software packages.
The tissue temperature was increased while confronting with a cell phone in distances of 4 mm and 4 cm in all the three thicknesses of 2, 12, and 22 mm. The tissue temperature was higher after removing the confrontation at 4 mm distance as compared to the distance of 4 cm.
During confrontation and after that with the cell phone, reducing the distance of brain tissue and the cell phone increased the tissue temperature intensely. In fact, by increasing the cell phone distance from brain tissue, the thermal effect of radiofrequency waves was reduced.

Using cell phones while driving contribute to distractions which can potentially cause minor or major road traffc injuries and also stress among other drivers. With this background, the study was done to ascertain the proportion of handheld cell phone use while driving among road users in Mysore city and also patterns of the use by the day of week, type of road, and type of vehicle.
The study was conducted in Mysore, Karnataka, India. Four stretches of roads were observed thrice daily for 1 week. The total number of vehicles passing through the stretch and the number and characteristics of drivers using hand‑held cell was noted. Pearson’s Chi‑square test was used to ascertain the signifcance of the difference in proportions.
The overall proportion of cell phone users was calculated as 1.41/100 vehicles. The observed use of handheld cell phones was 1.78 times higher on nonbusy roads than busy roads ( x2 = 25.79, P The proportion of drivers who use cell phones is found to be relatively lower, and use of cell phones was higher on nonbusy roads.

The goals of the present work were to retrieve the scientific articles published on addiction to the Internet, video games, and cell phones and to analyze the pattern of publications in this area (who is doing the research, when and where it is taking place, and in which journals it is being published), to determine the research being conducted as well as to document geographical trends in publication over time in three types of technological addictions: Internet, cell phones, and video games.
Articles indexed in PubMed and PsycINFO between 2006 and 2010 related to the pathological use of Internet, cell phones, and video games were retrieved. Search results were reviewed to eliminate articles that were not relevant or were duplicates.
Three hundred and thirty valid articles were retrieved from PubMed and PsycINFO from 2006 to 2010. Results were compared with those of 1996–2005. The year with the highest number of articles published was 2008 (n = 96). The most productive countries, in terms of number of articles published, were China (n = 67), the United States (n = 56), the United Kingdom (n = 47), and Taiwan (n = 33). The most commonly used language was English (70.3%), followed by Chinese (15.4%). Articles were published in 153 different journals. The journal that published the most articles was Cyberpsychology and Behavior (n = 73), followed by Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology (n = 27) and International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction (n = 16). Internet was the area most frequently studied, with an increasing interest in other areas such as online video games and cell phones.
The number of publications on technological addictions reached a peak in 2008. The scientific contributions of China, Taiwan, and Korea are overrepresented compared to other scientific fields such as drug addiction. The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition could change the publication trends in the technological addiction area and underline the relevance of this upcoming disorder in dissatisfaction with life in general.

The present study aimed at investigating the role of depression and attachment styles in predicting cell phone addiction. In this descriptive correlational study, a sample including 100 students of Payame Noor University (PNU), Reyneh Center, Iran, in the academic year of 2013-2014 was selected using volunteer sampling. Participants were asked to complete the adult attachment inventory (AAI‎), Beck depression inventory-13 (BDI-13‎) and the cell phone overuse scale (COS). Results of the stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that depression and avoidant attachment style were the best predictors of students’ cell phone addiction (R2 = 0.23). The results of this study highlighted the predictive value of depression and avoidant attachment style concerning students’ cell phone addiction.

A number of diagnostic scales or questionnaires have been developed in recent years, to assess mobile phone dependency. A valid and reliable assessment instrument for correspondence of Iranian culture is essential. The aim of our study is to validate the Iranian version of the Cell Phone Dependency Questionnaire (CPDQ).

In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from 784 students, who were studying in four main Isfahan Universities. The participants completed the demographic questionnaire, CPDQ, anonymously. To analyze the data we used concurrent validity, factor analysis, internal consistency, split-half, and test-retest.

We extracted three factors including Salience, Overusing of the cell phone, compulsive use of SMS. Cronbach's alpha of the CPDQ was. 88 (Cronbach's alpha of the factors were 0.85, 0.70, and 0.76,, respectively).

The CPDQ proved to be a reliable questionnaire to assess the extent of problems caused by the 'misuse' of the cell phone in Iranian society.