جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « cinnamic acid » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

A common oral inflammatory disease known as apical periodontitis (AP) is caused by the intrusion of microorganisms into the dental pulp, resulting in an inflammatory response and bone degradation in periapical tissues. A growing body of evidence indicates that the receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 3 (RIPK3) is closely associated with AP.

This study sought to address the requirement for effective RIPK3 inhibitors by examining the potential of cinnamic acid natural metabolites capable of inhibiting RIPK3.

The binding affinity of 20 cinnamic acids to the RIPK3 active site was evaluated by using AutoDock 4.0 software. The most favorable scores were assigned to the highest-ranking cinnamic acids based on their ΔGbinding values to the RIPK3 catalytic domain. A 100-nanosecond (ns) computer simulation was performed using molecular dynamics for the most efficacious inhibitor of RIPK3, and the findings were contrasted with those obtained for free RIPK3. The Discovery Studio Visualizer tool was employed to showcase the interactions between the RIPK3 active site and the highest-ranking metabolites.

The binding affinity of cynarin, rosmarinic acid (RosA), and chlorogenic acid (CGA) to the RIPK3 active site was noteworthy, as the ΔGbinding values were<-10 kcal/mol. Furthermore, cynarin exhibited inhibition constant values at the picomolar range. Upon complexation with cynarin, the RIPK3 conformation attained stability after approximately 25 ns of simulation.

In general, cynarin, RosA, and CGA have the potential to be therapeutically beneficial in treating AP due to their ability to inhibit RIPK3.

 Burns are wounds caused by thermal, chemical, electrical, or radiation injuries. They are complex wounds that are difficult to heal and are associated with thousands of deaths each year. Cinnamic acid (CA) is a natural organic compound found in plants, fruits, vegetables, and honey. CA possesses antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound healing properties.

 The aim of this study was to compare the healing effects of CA with silver sulfadiazine (SSD), a standard topical agent for burn treatment, on deep second-degree burns.

 This experimental study compared the healing effects of CA and SSD on second-degree burns. Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits weighing 2 to 2.3 kg were divided into 5 equal groups. Deep second-degree burn wounds were created on the backs of the rabbits by contacting a heated circular metal plate. The first group was treated with SSD 1% cream, the second, third, and fourth groups were treated with prepared ointments containing 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% w/w of CA in Eucerin, respectively. The fifth group was treated with Eucerin alone. Wound healing effects were assessed by measuring the rate of wound contraction and the amount of collagen in tissue specimens obtained from different groups. Additionally, histopathological studies were performed on tissue samples.

 The results showed that CA was significantly more effective than SSD in burn wound healing. Cinnamic acid ointments significantly increased the rate of wound contraction (P < 0.05) and tissue collagen content (P < 0.001) compared to SSD and Eucerin.

 Our findings suggest that topical CA possesses burn wound healing properties and could be used as an effective topical agent for the treatment of burns.

Cinnamic acid, a phenylpropanoid acid, has been investigated as a potential alternative therapy for diabetes and its complications in some studies. 

In the first stage, the viability of HepG2 cells at different concentrations of glucose and CA was assessed by MTT assay. Oxidative stress markers) CAT, GPx, GSH, and MDA) were measured spectrophotometrically. After RNA extraction, the effect of different concentrations of CA on the expression of DPP4 and inflammatory factors (IL-6, NF- κB) in HepG2 cells was assessed using real-time PCR.

In HepG2 cells, CA increased catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity and GSH production in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of high glucose concentrations, with the greatest effect seen at a concentration of 75 mg/ml. Also, it reduced the amount of MDA in high-glucose HepG2 cells. Furthermore, CA decreased the expression of DPP4, NF- κB, and IL-6 genes in HepG2 cells in the presence of high glucose levels.

The results of our study indicated that CA reduced hyperglycemia-induced complications in HepG2 cells by decreasing inflammatory gene expression, including IL-6 and NF- κB and inhibiting the expression of DPP4, and limiting oxidative stress.

Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) is the most abundant member of the MMP family in human dentin. It takes a part in the normal physiology of tissue remodeling and wound healing, while the overexpression/hyperactivity of this protein leads to several oral disorders, including dental caries and peri-implant inflammation/diseases, and therefore, MMP-8 inhibition may have therapeutic effects. Accordingly, the current study aimed to identify potential MMP-8 inhibitors from cinnamic acid derivatives.

The binding affinity of cinnamic acid and its several derivatives to the MMP-8 active site were estimated using the AutoDock 4.0 software. The pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and bioavailability of top-ranked MMP-8 inhibitors were also predicted by utilizing bioinformatics web tools.

Five of the studied components, including chlorogenic acid (CGA), caffeic acid 3-glucoside, rosmarinic acid, N-p-Coumaroyltyramine, and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) demonstrated a salient affinity of binding to the MMP-8 catalytic site (∆Gbinding<-10 kcal/mol). It was estimated that these compounds can inhibit the MMP-8 at the nanomolar concentration, and therefore, were considered as top-ranked MMP-8 inhibitors. Finally, none of the top-ranked components revealed a considerable side effect and thus were found to be suitable for oral use.

The results of the present study suggested that CGA, caffeic acid 3-glucoside, rosmarinic acid, N-p-coumaroyltyramine, and CAPE might have protective effects on tooth decay and peri-implant inflammation/diseases.

Dental caries is one of the most common oral chronic diseases. Streptococcus mutans is the main pathogenic bacteria playing a role in degrading the mineral texture of the teeth. Glucosyltransferase (GTFase) of S. mutans is responsible for producing glucan, which is the main exopolysaccharide found in the cariogenic biofilms. Further, previous studies have reported that cinnamic acid diminished biofilm formation of S. mutans. Therefore, we hypothesized that cinnamic acid and its derivatives might act as GTFase inhibitors.

The binding affinity of a total of 12 plant-based compounds including cinnamic acid and its 11 derivatives to the GTFase active site were examined by utilizing the AutoDock tool. The possible interactions between top-ranked cinnamic acid derivatives and the residues within the GTFase catalytic site were also taken into consideration.

Five of the cinnamic acid derivatives including rosmarinic acid (RA), cynarine, chlorogenic acid (CGA), caffeic acid 3-glucoside, and N-p-coumaroyltyramine demonstrated inhibitory effects on GTFase at nanomolar concentration. Stabilizing interactions such as π–π stack pairing and pi-charge interactions were detected between top-ranked GTFase inhibitors and residues within the enzyme active site.

The present study suggests that RA, cynarine, CGA, caffeic acid 3-glucoside, and N-p-coumaroyltyramine might have protective effects on dental caries, and therefore, may be considered as anti-tooth caries compounds.

Wounds represent a major global problem for health care systems, clinicians, patients, and their families. Cinnamic Acid (CA) is a naturally occurring phenolic compound that possesses anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of CA on skin wound-healing in the animal model.

Full-thickness wounds were created on the back of white New Zealand rabbits of both sexes. Animals were divided into six groups (six animals and 12 wounds in each group). Negative control received no treatment, while positive control was treated with phenytoin cream, vehicle group with eucerin, and test groups with 0.1, 1, and 10% CA ointments. The healing activity of CA was evaluated by determining the wound closure rate and hydroxyproline content of wound tissue samples. In addition, the histopathological study of tissue samples of different groups was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining.

The rate of wound closure and hydroxyproline levels of tissue samples in animals treated with CA 0.1% were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of no-treatment and vehicle-treated groups. Histological study revealed the increased number of fibroblasts and hair follicles, increased reepithelialization rate, and enhanced neovascularization in CA 0.1%-treated group when compared to no-treatment and vehicle groups.

Cinnamic acid at low concentrations (< 1%) is potent for skin wound-healing and could be used as a safe and effective topical healing agent. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.