جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "disease" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Nowadays, conceptual metaphors should be used to transform abstract and complex topics into material with objective and concrete concepts that people deal with on a daily basis. In medical sciences, the use of conceptual metaphors can help the communication between physicians, patients and their families, or in the field of policy making related to these sciences.

This review study is a library study that was used to collect material from domestic and international databases using relevant keywords.

Conceptual metaphor is present in all human daily life because the areas of human language and action are metaphorical. Imaginary schemas as a bridge provide the possibility of communicating between human physical experiences and more complex cognitive domains such as language. Corpus is a collection of transcribed written or spoken texts that can be used for linguistic analysis and description. The use of figures in the study of these concepts show well the aspects of human mental mechanism. Conceptual metaphors have been used in the expression of corona diseases and cancer and many researches have been done.

In this research, the study and analysis of the information presented in articles with the keywords "metaphor" and "disease" was done, and the corpus of news and articles related to diseases such as cancer and covid-19 and the existing metaphors were analyzed.

 The migration of Iranian labor to the South Caucasus experienced a growing trend during the last years of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, with hundreds of thousands of Iranians travelling to these areas every year in search of work. Many of these immigrants were employed in factories, mines, oil industries, wharves and agricultural lands in Baku, Ganja, Tbilisi, Erevan and Batum. Some were engaged in peddling, construction, etc. and lived in the workplace or on the outskirts of cities. The aspects of health and safety in these two locations significantly influenced the lives of these workers.

 This article employs an approach of "history from below" and relies on library and archival sources to investigate the conditions in which the Iranian immigrant workers lived in terms of their health status and the effects it had on their physical health.

Ethical Considerations: 

In this research, honesty and trustworthiness have been observed in the use of historical sources.

 The social life experienced by Iranian workers in the Caucasus was accompanied by a high rate of physical injuries and even deaths compared with workers of other nationalities. Consequently, some of them lost their lives and some suffered from diseases such as cholera, plague, malaria, shortness of breath, or physical disabilities.

 Iranian emigrant workers in the Caucasus undertook the most difficult jobs due to lack of material capital, production tools, knowledge and skills as well as living in huts and sheds or workplaces. These two places were dangerous and inappropriate in terms of health and hygiene, leading to a high incidence of physical injuries and even fatalities among Iranian workers.

Coronaviruses were discovered in 1960. Large-sized living organisms from the Coronaviridae family, with single-stranded RNA of animal origin. Coronaviruses in humans can cause mild respiratory illness or severe respiratory illness. In 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. The aim of this study is to use the Jaccard similarity coefficient to determine the similarity of COVID-19 behavior patterns in different seasons of the year.

This study used machine learning systems and similarity metrics to determine the behavior pattern of COVID-19 in different seasons of the year. The location of research was the Mousa ibn Ja'far Hospital in Mashhad, and the time was from May 2020 to August 2021. The symptoms of affected patients were compared with the compiled dataset, and the similarity of patients was prepared in a similarity matrix, and the Jaccard correlation coefficient was calculated on the data. Finally, the analysis of strains from the beginning of emergence to the latest strain was examined. The performance indicators of the algorithm in the Jaccard similarity method showed a recall metric with a value of 0.94, a precision metric with a value of 1, an F1 score with a value of 0.86, and remove accuracy metric with a value of 0.76. The most important factors in the investigation include white blood cells, platelets, RT-PCR, CT SCAN, shortness of breath, fever, SPO2, and respiratory rate.

The transmission of the COVID-19 virus depends on several factors, including human interaction. The evidence of the collected data shows that people with COVID-19 have low lymphocyte count and it is very consistent with the results of recent studies. Due to the lack of a dataset, a comparative study was conducted and a dataset was collected.

This study, leveraging machine learning algorithms, identified a clear seasonal correlation in the spread of COVID-19. Considering geographical and seasonal variations among patients, distinct symptoms were observed in each season corresponding to the prevalent strain during that period.

The Holy Qur'an defines a dual outcome for the believers' jihad in the front of truth, which either leads to victory or martyrdom, and it describes these two as "one of the two virtues" so that there is no negative view of these difficult conditions. be The specific question in the current research is that, based on the view of the Ahl al-Bayt, can the Qur'anic idea mentioned in the definition of the floating end of the good be extended and adapted to the condition of the patient? ? Based on the findings of the comparative analytical method, the Ahl al-Bayt have defined two types of double goodness in two situations: disease leading to health and disease leading to death (with the condition of being a believer). In the first type, the goodness of increasing the ranks of the believer or the goodness of removing the sins of the believer is defined. In the second type, the duality of goodness in death is depicted by freedom from the pain and suffering of the world, or goodness in death by cleansing from sins. As a result, it was found that religious education enlightens the believer patient's view of his future under any circumstances and eliminates any negativity towards the future. Also, the spiritual effects of the disease in the believer's view find maximum inclusion in the faith society; Not that only believers who have a high position can achieve it.

The environmental determinism governing the primitive human mind caused his knowledge to become one-dimensional in such a way that he thought everything was real and alive, and so created a legend for the unknown and sought the answer to the unknown in his imagination. This one-dimensional reaction and horizontal view of phenomena was also seen in his treatment strategies. That is, he performed some treatments using the drugs he knew in nature or the tools he invented, and attributed some other diseases that he could not recognize to the supernatural and usually resorted to unusual methods such as magic, and actions and tools unrelated to the disease for treatment. These methods sometimes lead to treatment due to the psychological effect on the patient. In the beginning, more unusual treatments were used, but gradually, with the formation of science and the expansion of human knowledge, treatment methods became more scientific and only a small part of these treatments remained in folklore. These therapies are part of the folklore and it seems necessary to preserve this heritage. Kerman is one of the very ancient biological areas of the Iran plateau, which also has a long life and a long history in the field of medicine. Therefore, this research, has endeavored to investigate some beliefs and treatment methods used in Kerman. The data was collected in a library and field method. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The findings of the research show that the people of Kerman face diseases either on the basis of knowledge and awareness, or on the basis of belief and psychological and internal perceptions. Although the latter method of treatment is not scientific, it has sometimes been effective due to indoctrination and psychological influence.

The elderly are at risk of disease and disability. Understanding health information seeking behavior and related factors, including individual factors, is very important in order to provide health care to the elderly. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between individual factors and the health information seeking behavior of the elderly in comprehensive health service centers in Isfahan city..

This descriptive-correlational study was performed on 580 elderly individuals covered by comprehensive health service centers in Isfahan, who were selected by one-stage cluster sampling and quota random sampling in the academic year 2017. A researcher-made questionnaire was employed to collect data for the variable behavior of elderly health information in disease control. The content and face validity of the questionnaire were confirmed by librarians and medical information and geriatrics specialists. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated 0.87 using Cronbach's alpha. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

The results revealed that there was a significant difference between men and women in the component of barriers to accessing health information. There was a direct relationship between age and some components of information seeking behavior. Besides, there was a significant relationship between marital status and type of job with some components of information seeking behavior.

Due to the desire of the elderly to obtain health information, it seems necessary to transfer information related to the elderly through portals and taking into account different personal characteristics and contexts affecting the information search process to play an effective role. Various personal characteristics such as gender, age, marital status, occupation, and access to information affect the health information seeking behavior of the elderly.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between men and women in the component of barriers to accessing health information. There was a direct relationship between age and some components of information seeking behavior. Also, a significant relationship was observed between marital status and type of job with some components of information seeking behavior.

Due to the desire of the elderly to obtain health information, it is necessary to transfer information related to the elderly through the portals used by them and taking into account different personal characteristics and contexts affecting the information search process in order to play an effective role. In increasing their awareness of disease control. Various personal characteristics such as gender, age, marital status, occupation in access to information and also affect the health information seeking behavior of the elderly.

Since the gens change due to the environmental and individual factors, the role of these factors is now more important for the human health. In countries that the facilities such as clean air, healthy water and food, sport and recreational sites, social security and disease prevention programs readily available for all, the society is healthy and happy. Thus, the overall morbidities and mortalities have been declined. But unfortunately, in some countries like Iran that has not paid attention to these factors, the overall morbidities and mortalities have been increased.

One of the important entries in philosophy of medicine is the discussion on the reliance of medical knowledge and the health system on fundamental knowledge and the analysis of its philosophical roots. It is noteworthy that, not enough attention has been paid to this issue, to the extent that sometimes it is not deemed necessary for medicine and the health system. This study endeavors to explore a history of philosophical discussions in relation to medical issues among Islamic and contemporary philosophers, physicians, and especially philosopher-physicians. This study also touches on issues such as: What is health? Is health an objective fact or a credit matter? What is the relationship between illness and health? What is the origin of health and illness? Can non-physical things be effective in the health of the human body? What is pain? What are the criteria for classification of diseases? What is a mental illness and what is it like? How should the physician’s relationship with the patient be? Is it possible to prescribe death for reasons such as incurability or suffering? These are among objective and field questions of medical knowledge and the health system. In the attempt to answer the mentioned questions, a researcher is confronted with fundamental philosophical issues, especially philosophical anthropology. Indeed, different philosophical views on basic issues such as anthropology and the stages of man's life, philosophy of science, and the scientific methods can have a significant effect on formation of medical knowledge, and thereby, the health system. As a result, scientific principles and methods of diagnosis and treatment in a range of different medical schools, from modern medicine to traditional and complementary medicines, have undergone fundamental revisions and changes. This can lead to formation of medical systems over time, each of which is recognized in its own epistemological system and arising from unique philosophical foundations.

In all heavenly religions and human schools, the issue of hope is emphasized. According to the religion of Mobin Islam, if despair overcomes someone, he is close to disbelief and distance from God's mercy. Hope is the starting point of human evolution in the Qur'an, towards the Caliph of God and the manifestation of the divine names. The current research has been conducted with the aim of the role of hope therapy in healing physical and mental diseases and the application of the role of hope in medicine in the field of spiritual health.

This research was carried out with a descriptive and analytical method and in a library manner and by referring to interpretive and narrative sources related to religious teachings.

Based on the findings of this research, having hope for the future plays an essential role in the prevention and treatment of physical and mental diseases. Hope can support people against stressful events in life, and on the other hand, physically sick people can overcome the deficiencies of their immune system and strengthen their immune system against diseases. Also, the Holy Qur'an and the lives of the divine saints are the source and source of producing hope and hope that patients can get water from these springs of hope and heal their body and soul because true hope is in connection with "Allah". Hope is so important in Islam that the Qur'an has interpreted it as the boundary between disbelief and faith.

Based on the results of this research, paying attention to religious teachings can improve people's level of hope. Improving the level of hope and hope for the future in every stage of a person's life has been the factor of mobility, vitality and success, and in this field, sick people can benefit from the category of hope therapy to restore their physical and mental health.
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