جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « dysphonia » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

COVID-19 was triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, leading to a pandemic. The risk of developing dysphonia and dysphagia amongst COVID-19 patients is considered to be high.

In this prospective study, 150 patients affected by COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and the ward of Firoozgar Hospital in Tehran, Iran, were analyzed. Dysphagia and dysphonia were evaluated according to the swallowing impairment score and the consensus auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice (CAPE-V). Also, the quality of life (QoL) was measured using the Persian version of the voice handicap index, the swallowing QoL and the Persian version of the dysphagia handicap index (DHI).

A total of 150 COVID-19 patients (mean age: 59.64±17.87 years and 54.3% male; 75 admitted patients to the ICU and 75 patients admitted to the ward) were evaluated. A total of 115(77%) patients with COVID-19 were experiencing dysphagia, and the prevalence of dysphagia did not vary meaningfully between the two sets. According to the swallowing QoL, the QoL of the two groups was meaningly different (P<0.05). Also, the QoL of patients admitted to the ICU was lower than those admitted to the ward. A total of 91(61%) COVID-19 patients had dysphonia and dysphonia prevalence was significantly varied among the two groups (P<0.05). Investigating the relationship between dysphagia severity, dysphonia severity, and age showed a significantly positive correlation (P<0.01). However, the length of stay had a positive correlation only with the severity of dysphonia (P<0.05). Also, a negative correlation was found between swallowing QoL, dysphagia severity, and dysphonia severity (P<0.01).

Dysphagia and dysphonia were prevalent among COVID-19 patients and more common in older patients. Early evaluation is required for timely and efficient intervention to avoid further complications and to progress their QoL.

The world has been suffering from COVID-19 since 2020 and the disease continues up to now. COVID-19 patients are at high risk of dysphagia and dysphonia. Accordingly, this study aims to determine the prevalence of dysphonia and dysphagia and identify correlated factors to develop dysphagia and dysphonia in COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU).

A total of 70 patients with COVID-19 (Mean±SD age of 63.1±18.6; males=39) hospitalized in ICUs were evaluated by an expert on speech and language. The patients were evaluated for swallowing disorder via the Mann assessment of swallowing ability and the Persian version of the functional oral intake scale. The consensus auditoryperceptual evaluation of voice was also used to evaluate voice disorders.

Overall, 58.6% of patients presented dysphagia and 74.3% of patients had dysphonia. Meanwhile, 34.3% of the patients were on mechanical ventilation. A correlation was detected between dysphagia severity and the number of mechanical ventilation days, the length of stay, and age (P<0.05). Dyspnea impacts the prevalence of dysphonia and dysphagia in COVID-19 patients (P<0.05). Vomiting has been effective on only the prevalence of dysphagia (P<0.05). Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between dysphagia and dysphonia (P<0.01).

A high prevalence rate of dysphagia and dysphonia exists in patients with COVID-19 admitted to ICUs. An early evaluation by a speech and language pathologist is essential to identify the suspected patients and provide early intervention to prevent further complications and improve their quality of life.

Recent years have seen the development of voice indices for multi-parametric objective voice evaluation. The current study aims to review these indices and examine their efficiency through the literature.

The study design is a literature review. The five databases of ‘PubMed’, ‘Scopus’, ‘Google Scholar’, ‘Science Direct’, and ‘Web of Science’ were searched using the keywords ‘voice index’, ‘acoustic’, ‘voice assessment’, and ‘acoustic analysis’. Attempts were made to include only the acoustic indices that have been validated and are fairly user-friendly.

Five voice indices were found that met the inclusion criteria: Dysphonia Severity Index (DSI), Acoustic Voice Quality Index (AVQI), Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia (CSID), The Acoustic Breathiness Index (ABI), and Acoustic Psychometric Severity Index of Dysphonia (APSID).

The results suggest using AVQI, ABI, DSI, and CSID in the evaluation and treatment of voice disorders. Of course, it is recommend to examine the efficacy of these indices in more languages and also developing new indices by considering more aspects of voice.

Head and neck is the second most common region for lymphomas. Extranodal lymphomas of the larynx are rare in the pediatric population. Non Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) of the larynx is common in the supraglottic region as its rich in lymphoid tissue. They may present with dysphagia, dysphonia, snoring and progressive respiratory distress. Early visualization of the larynx is essential in such cases for appropriate diagnosis to improve the survival rates.

Case Report:

We present a case of 9 year old boy who presented with a change in voice, snoring and feeding difficulties for one year. Video laryngoscopy revealed globular mass arising from the epiglottis. He underwent excision biopsy and by immunohistochemistry was diagnosed to have diffuse large B cell lymphoma. He was treated with chemotherapy and the child is clinically well in the follow-up, 1 year after the completion of therapy.

Although primary lymphomas of the larynx in children are rare, a high index of clinical suspicion is warranted to avoid diagnostic delays to initiate appropriate management to have better outcomes.

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of dysphonia in patients with COVID-19.

English and Persian studies that reported dysphonia in patients with COVID-19 were included. Review and case report studies were excluded. We searched Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus from January 1, 2020, to July 15, 2021. The prevalence of dysphonia was obtained by combining the results and weighing the sample sizes in the corresponding studies. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the Cochran Q test and I2

Of the 1830 articles identified, 7 studies (n=1410 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of dysphonia was 31% (%95CI: 13%-48%). The prevalence rates of dysphonia in men and women with COVID-19 were 28.2% (%95CI: 14%-46%) and 32.8% (%95CI: 22%-45%), respectively.

Because of the design of the included studies, the reliability of the results is limited. There was notable heterogeneity in the data, not because of publication bias, but rather the small sample sizes or the heterogeneity of the COVID-19 disease. About one-third of patients with COVID-19 may have dysphonia as the only symptom. Therefore, one should even be careful in approaching those who have only dysphonia.

The acoustic analysis is one of the well-known methods for voice evaluation. In recent years, many studies have investigated the cepstral measures compared with the other former acoustic parameters. This review article evaluates the related studies in the cepstral areas to ascertain whether they are efficient in the diagnosis of dysphonia.

We reviewed the available research studies between 2009 and 2021 narratively in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases. The searched keywords included “cepstral peak prominence”, “smoothed cepstral peak prominence”, “instrumental acoustic analysis”, “acoustic”, and “diagnosis”. The articles that investigated the power of Cepstral Peak Prominence (CPP) and its smoothed version (CPPS) to differentiate dysphonia versus normal voice have been included. However, the interventional studies that consider CPP and CPPS as one of their adjunct variables and studies that investigated the relationship of the cepstral measure with other parameters were not included.

Recent studies support the efficiency of CPP and CPPS to diagnose dysphonia.

It is reasonable for the voice care teams to use CPP and CPPS in the patients’ initial assessment and track the effects of treatment. However, according to the relatively limited number of studies in this area, more studies are required to clarify the efficacy of cepstral measures in different voice pathologies.

Dysphonia is a common voice disorder that affects about one-third of the population at some point in their lives.1 The terms dysphonia and hoarseness are frequently used interchangeably. However, dysphonia is a disorder characterized by changes in vocal quality, pitch, and loudness or vocal effort. Patients with dysphonia are unable to communicate properly, and their voice-related quality of life (VR-QOL) is negatively affected.

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological disorder caused by decreasing dopamine in the brain. Speech is one of the first functions that are disrupted. Accordingly, speech features are a promising indicator in PD diagnosis for telemedicine applications. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Parkinson’s disease on a minimal set of Jitter and Shimmer voice indicators and studying the difference between male and female speech features in noisy/noiseless environments. Materials and Methods: Our data includes 47 samples from nursing homes and neurology clinics, with 23 patients and 24 healthy individuals. The optimal feature for each category is studied separately for the men’s and women’s samples. The focus here is on the phonation in which the vowel/a/is expressed by the participants. The main features, including Jitter and Shimmer perturbations, are extracted. To find an optimal pair under both noisy and noiseless circumstance, we use the Relief feature selection strategy. Results: This research shows that the Jitter feature for men and women with Parkinson’s is 21 and 33.4, respectively. While the Shimmer feature is 0.1 and 0.06. In addition, by using these two features alone, we reach a correct diagnosis rate of 79% and 81% for noisy and noiseless states, respectively. Conclusion: The PD effects on the speech features can be accurately identified. Evaluating the extracted features suggests that the absolute value of the selected feature in men with PD is higher than for healthy ones. Whereas, in the case of women, this is the opposite.

Voice is influenced by personality. However, it is still questionable which acoustic features are influenced by personality traits. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between acoustic characteristics and personality dimensions.

Thirty-three participants with dysphonia and 33 participants without dysphonia were recruited to take part in this cross-sectional study. Personality dimensions were evaluated by the revised NEO personality inventory, and acoustic characteristics by using the Praat software. The tasks included prolongation of the vowel /a/, expression of declarative and interrogative sentences, reading, and connected speech. The acoustic features included fundamental frequency range, jitter, shimmer, harmonic-to-noise ratio, intensity, and duration. SPSS V. 23 was used for statistical analysis. For correlation analysis, the Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were employed.

In individuals with dysphonia, a significant relationship was observed between personality dimensions and the following acoustic features: A. extraversion and intensity in connected speech (P=0.045) and the reading task (P=0.036); B. openness and shimmer in /a/ vowel prolongation (P=0.003); C. openness and the harmonic-to-noise ratio in /a/ the vowel prolongation task (P=0.017); and D. agreeableness and duration in expressing interrogative sentences (P=0.019).

In Persian-speaking participants with and without dysphonia, some acoustic characteristics were significantly correlated with the mean score of the personality test (revised NEO personality inventory). It seems that each voice feature is influenced by personality dimensions. This finding indicates that changes in acoustic characteristics of voice due to personality can be evaluated in laboratory and hearing examinations.