جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "echium amoenum" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Echium amoenum has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidants properties and is suggested for heart disease in Persian medicine. To evaluate its cardioprotective effects, 50 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control (normal saline), isoproterenol (negative control), and three experimental groups (E. amoenum aqueous extract with daily doses of 150, 300 and 450 mg/kg). All rats, except the control group, were administered isoproterenol (150 mg/kg subcutaneously), for two consecutive days to induce heart failure. From the third day until ninth, treatment groups received the extract by gavage. The animals rested for one week. On the 17th day, they were anesthetized; blood samples were collected after echocardiography to measure CK (creatine kinase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), troponin, MDA (Malondialdehyde), NO (nitrogen oxide), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Pathological specimens were collected from the heart. Administration of 150, 300 and 450 mg/kg E. amoenum extract increased the ejection fraction significantly; fractional shortening increased significantly only at 300 mg/kg. The dose of 450 mg/kg decreased the CK-MB and troponin levels. All doses decreased LDH. Administration of 450 mg/kg extract increase SOD and GPX level compared to the control and isoproterenol group. In addition, 300 and 450 mg/kg extract resulted in a significant decrease in NO and MDA levels compared to the isoproterenol group.  Echium amoenum (300 mg/kg) reduced the percentage of tissue fibrosis. Echium amoenum has a significant effect on the protection of heart failure induced by isoproterenol.

Echium amoenum (EA) and Foeniculum vulgare (FV) might be beneficial for the management of Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) due to their possible effects on sex hormones and neurotransmitters such as serotonin. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a combination of Echium and Fennel on the severity of physical and psychological symptoms of PMS. This triple-blinded, randomized, controlled trial was conducted on 80 women. The subjects were assigned to two groups of intervention (receiving EA 2 g/day and FV 1 g/day, in the second two weeks of the cycle, in two consecutive cycles) and placebo control. The data collection tools included the PSST, DRSP, and SF36 questionnaires. Between-group differences in all subscales of DRSP were significant at one- and two-month time points (p<0.05). Bleeding volume was significantly increased in the intervention group, compared to the placebo group, two months after the intervention (p<0.05). Between-group comparison of the changes demonstrated significant differences in all subscales of SF36, except for limitations in usual role activities due to emotional problems (p=0.07). Consumption of EA and FV combination improved the quality of life in women with PMS and exerted favorable changes in PMS symptoms.

Pruritus is a troublesome symptom in patients with chronic kidney failure (CKF). Topical treatment is the first choice for many skin conditions including pruritus. This study examined the effect of topical lipogel containing Ziziphus jujube and Echium amoenum extracts on pruritus in hemodialysis (HD) patients. A double-blind crossover trial was conducted with 50 HD patients. A demographic and medical information form and the 12-item Pruritus Severity Scale were used to collect data. Participants were randomly assigned into a placebo group and an intervention group. The intervention was carried out for four weeks. The groups were then switched after a 2-week washout period and followed for the next four weeks. The severity of pruritus was measured before and once a week after the intervention for 4 weeks. The independent samples t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, the chi-square test, and repeat measures analysis of variance (RMANOVA) were used to analyze the data. The mean baseline pruritus scores were 15.14±2.59 and 14.34±2.6 in the intervention and placebo groups, respectively (P=0.581). The mean pruritus score decreased by three points in the intervention group and one point in the placebo group at the end of the intervention. The results of the RMANOVA also showed that over time, the herbal lipogel significantly reduced the mean pruritus scores in the intervention group (P<0.0001), while it remained relatively unchanged in the placebo group. The use of a topical lipogel containing extracts of Ziziphus jujube and Echium amoenum can effectively reduce pruritus in HD patients. Therefore, this lipogel may safely be used to relieve pruritus in patients receiving HD.

Pain after periodontal surgeries is one of the most common complications. Echium amoenum is among the important therapeutic herbs in Iranian traditional medicine. Various studies have shown its pain control properties. This study aimed to evaluate this herb’s efficacy in controlling pain after periodontal surgeries.

In this randomized clinical trial, 50 patients referred to Tabriz Dental School for clinical crown lengthening surgery were divided into two equal groups: control and test. In the test group (using Echium amoenum), 24 hours before surgery, Echium amoenum was administered to the patient at home every 12 hours, and a dose of Echium amoenum was administered one hour before the procedure. The postoperative pain was assessed using VAS 30 minutes, 1 hour, and 3 hours after the surgery and VRS 24, 48, and 72 hours postoperatively. A chi-squared test was used to compare the pain severity between the two groups.

The VAS index was significantly lower in the Echium amoenum group compared to the control group (30 minutes, 1 hour, and 3 hours after the procedure) (P<0.05). In both groups, pain severity increased significantly up to 3 hours postoperatively (P<0.05). In the first 24 hours, the VRS index of the Echium amoenum group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), with no significant differences between the two groups at 48 and 72 hours (P>0.05).

Conclusion:

 The Echium amoenum herb reduced the pain severity after clinical crown lengthening surgeries.

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of selenium forms (sodium selenate and sodium selenite) at (2, 4, 8, and 16 mg/l) levels on the phytochemical attributes of Echium amoenum (Vipers bugloss) as factorial randomized complete block design. Selenium sources were added in four steps: 2 true leaves stage, 10 leaves, 2 weeks, and 1 week before flowering. The traits were evaluated in different stages of flowering (beginning, full flowering, and end of flowering). Results showed that selenium sources significantly affected the qualitative characteristics of the E. amoenum. The highest photosynthetic pigments were obtained by 4 mg/l sodium selenite at beginning of flowering. When the plants were sprayed with 4 mg/l sodium selenate and harvested at beginning of flowering, higher total alkaloid contents in leaves and petals were observed compared to the other treatments. When the plants were sprayed with 8 mg/l sodium selenate and harvested at end of flowering, higher total phenols and flavonoids contents, soluble sugars content were observed compared to the other treatments. Moreover, foliar application of selenium sources significantly increased the content of this element in the petals. Sodium selenate was more effective than sodium selenite in increasing the content of this element. Generally, the results showed selenium sources significantly improved phytochemical properties of E. amoenum.

Echium amoenum (E. amoenum), as one of the most popular plants in Iran, is traditionally used to treat different types of disorders.

This experimental study aimed to evaluate the modulatory effects of E. amoenum on permethrin (PMN)-induced oxidative stress in rats and to determine the cytoprotective effect of E. amoenum on PMN in SK-Hep-1 cells.

Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups, including the control (normal saline), orally treated PMN (125 mg/kg of PMN), E. amoenum (100 mg/kg), and E. amoenum + PMN groups for 28 days. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lipid peroxidation (LPO), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as the expression of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), were measured in the liver of all rats. Also, the cytoprotective effect of E. amoenum against PMN was evaluated in the treated SK-Hep-1 cells.

The results indicated that LPO increased significantly in the PMN-treated group, as evidenced by the high concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver. Alterations of the antioxidant system were also confirmed by the significant decline in CAT and GPx activities (2.9 ± 0.14 and 0.5 ± 0.03, respectively; P < 0.05) and the significant downregulation of CAT (0.4 ± 0.02 folds) and GPx (0.3 ± 0.01 folds) mRNA expression in the liver (P < 0.05). PMN also stimulated significant changes in hepatic biomarkers and induced pathological changes in the liver. On the other hand, administration of E. amoenum significantly reduced abnormalities in biochemical markers, LPO, antioxidant enzymes, gene expression, and pathological complications induced by PMN (P < 0.05). E. amoenum also exhibited cytoprotective effects against cytotoxicity induced by PMN in SK-Hep-1 cells.

The present results demonstrated that E. amoenum has significant antioxidant, gene-regulating, and cytoprotective effects.

Echium amoenum is most commonly used herb after tea with high nutritional values. The purpose of this research was to produce Echium amoenum herbal tea, enriched by Malva and Althaea rosea var. nigra, in order to enhance the sensory properties and antioxidant activity of herbal tea.

In this study, antioxidant activity of alcoholic extract was evaluated by DPPH method. The turbidity was determined using spectrophotometer at 800 nm wavelength. Total ash, insoluble ash in acid, moisture content and sensory evaluation were performed according to the national standard methods. The moisture content of the whole samples was higher than the standard range for Echium amoenum. Therefore, for better grinding, the Echium amoenum will be dried again before the packaging process to remove additional moisture absorbed from the environment.

The results showed that all samples had high antioxidant activity, but the sample containing 0% of the Malva, 30% of Althaea rosea var. nigra and 35% of Echium amoenum showed the most radical inhibition properties (95.04%) (p <0.05). Also, in sensory evaluation, this sample had the highest point with a significant difference (p <0.05) compared to other samples. So, it can be concluded that such a combination of studied herbs is suitable for preparation of herbal tea with high antioxidant and acceptable sensory properties.

 The results of this study showed that the use of Echium amoenum and Althaea rosea var. nigra can produce herbal tea as a new product, with high antioxidant and desirable sensory properties.

Echium amoenum (Boraginaceae) is an important remedy used for various illnesses. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of E. amoenum in the J774.1A macrophage cell line. We prepared ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and hexane extracts from E. amoenum flowers and examined their possible cytotoxic effects using MTT assay. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages were treated with the extracts after which we measured nitric oxide (NO) production by Griess method. Inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 gene expressions were examined by real time-PCR. IL-1β and IL-6 cytokine levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The hexane extract with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 39.8 µg/mL most effectively reduced NO production. Real time-PCR analysis indicated reduced levels of iNOS ((0.05 ± 0.006 relative fold change (RFC)) and COX2 (0.06 ± 0.002 RFC) gene expressions with the 100 µg/mL hexane extract (P

The antibacterial agents are a group of food additives that are used in food as preservative. The objective of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of Echium amoenum flower using different in vitro methods. Having collected the flower of this plant in spring, ethanolic extracts of Echium amoenum were prepared in distilled water and absolute ethanol, respectively. Also, there are different concentration rates for the extract which was produced by microdilution Broth method in BHI medium and cultivation in Mueller Hinton Agar medium. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined with method of visual monitoring. The aqueous extracts (AEs) and ethanolic extracts (EEs) exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains. The (AEs) and (EEs), at a concentration from 1250 to 16×104 μg/ml, showed a significant antibacterial effect expressed as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against both Gram-nega ive and Gram-positive bacteria. Staphylococcus aurous and Yersinia enterocolitica were the strains more sensitive to the ethanol extract effect (MIC = 1250 μg/mL) and Yersinia for the ethanol extract (MIC = 2500 μg/mL). The data were expressed as the mean ± the standard deviation and they were statistically analyzed by SPSS software using ANOVA. The findings indicated that the (AEs) of Echium amoenum flower can act as a natural antibacterial and as a possible food supplement or to be used in pharmaceutical industry after complementary tests.

Borago officinalis and its derivatives are used in folk medicine to treat asthma because of its special effect on allergic disorders. It suppresses the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and delivers gamma-linolenic acid. The objective of this clinical trial was to determine the effect of Borago officinalis on clinical and physiological findings in moderate persistent asthma.
This prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial was conducted on patients aged 15-90 years with moderate asthma and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of 60-79% of predicted who presented to a sub-specialty clinic of pulmonary medicine. We randomly allocated subjects to receive either Borago extract (5 mL three times a day) or a matched placebo for one month. The primary outcome was the asthma control test (ACT) score and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) test. Secondary outcomes included clinical findings, spirometry, and sputum cytology including inflammatory cells.
Thirty-eight subjects with a mean age of 46.8±15.3 years and mean duration of asthma of 71±103 months were enrolled in our study. Cough, dyspnea, wheezing, nocturnal symptoms, and airway hyper-responsiveness reduced significantly in the Borago group after the treatment and ACT scores improved significantly (10.8±5.26 before and 15.4±5.12 after the trial). Flare up of asthma and emergency department visits in the Borago group also decreased significantly (3.6±2.33 to 2±1.86 flare ups per month and 0.62±0.9 to 0.05±0.23 for emergency department visits per month). Physiological parameters including spirometry, FENO, and sputum cytology including eosinophil and neutrophil did not change significantly.
Borago improved the clinical findings of asthma, but it was not able to suppress the inflammation involved in asthma.

Echium amoenum is an Iranian indigenous medicinal plant. In this research the effect of hydroalchoholic extract of this plant on sodium-selenite induced cataract formation was evaluated. Fifty five white rat pups were selected and divided into six groups. In first group (control 1) no elements injected. Second group (control 2) was received normal saline on 11-18 postpartum. Hydroalchoholic extract of Echium amoenum flower (400 mg/kg/day) intraperitonealy was injected into third group. Rats in group 4th received sodium selenite (30 nmol/kg) on day 13 postpartum. In group 5th, the extract was injected 2 days before selenite injection (once a day for two days). And in last group one day before selenite injection, the rats received a single dose of the extract. Cataract development was measured by slit- lamp. Lens opacification was analyzed in each group on day 7 after selenite administration. All lens in control and 3th groups were clear. However, it was found different type of cataract grades formation in selenite group (2.2 ± 0.83). Cataract grades were 0.4 ± 0.5 and 0.6 ± 0.5 in groups 5th and 6th respectively. Echium amoenum extract significantly was shown a protective effect on selenite-induced cataract in rat. This effect is probably associated with antioxidant activity of this medicinal plant.

This study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of Echium amoenum total anthocyanin extract (ETAE) on partial/transient cerebral ischemia in the rats.

Rats received ETAE (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min before the induction of cerebral ischemia. Cerebral ischemia was induced by bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion (BCCAO) for 30 min, followed by 72 h reperfusion. The neurological deficit, brain performance, and sensory motor function were assessed 48 h and 72 h after surgery. After sacrification, the brains were evaluated for myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and histopathological changes.

Our results showed that motor function significantly decreased in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group as compared to the sham group. Histopathological analysis exhibited the shrinkage and atrophy of the neurons in I/R group. ETAE at the dose of 200 mg/kg improved spontaneous activity and memory induced by cerebral ischemia compared to the control group and also decreased brain MPO activity following cerebral ischemia. However, it could not affect the ability to climbing, body proprioception, vibrissae touch and brain water content. In addition, pretreatment with ETAE at higher doses significantly reduced ischemia-induced neuronal loss of the brain.

The anthocyanin rich fraction from E. amoenum was found to have protective effects against some brain damages postischemic reperfusion . However, further researches are required for investigating the exact mechanisms of the effect of this plant in the prevention of cerebral ischemia in human.

Echium amoenum Fisch. & C.A. Mey. is used for the treatment of various diseases in traditional medicine. This plant is a major source of anthocyanins with beneficial cardiovascular properties such as anti-atherosclerotic and antihypertensive effects. In the present study, the protective and antioxidant effects of anthocyanin-rich E. amoenum extract were evaluated on human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) under oxidative stress. Cell viability and oxidative status were assessed on H2O2-induced oxidative stress (0.5 mM H2O2 for 2 h) in HUVECs pretreated by anthocyanin-rich extract from the petals of E. amoenum (25-1000 µg/ml). Cytoprotective effect of the extract was evaluated by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The hydroperoxides concentration and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were assessed in intra- and extra-cellular fluid of pretreated cells. Pretreatment of HUVECs with E. amoenum extract at the concentrations of 100-1000 µg/ml reduced the cell death resulted from the exposure to H2O2 in a concentration-dependent manner. E. amoenum extract decreased hydroperoxides concentration and increased FRAP value in both intra- and extra-cellular fluid at different concentration ranges. Moreover, it did not show cytotoxic effects at the concentration range of 25-1000 µg/ml. These results suggest antioxidant and protective effect of anthocyanin-rich extract of the petals of E. amoenum against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HUVECs. However, further investigations are needed for understanding the detailed mechanisms of cytoprotective effects of this traditional herbal medicine.

Today most of herbal medicines are marketing without any standard safety profiles. Although common assumption is that these products are nontoxic but this assumption may be incorrect and dangerous, so toxicological studies should be done for herbal drugs. According to the frequent use of Echium amoenum as immunostimulant and useful in conditions including pain, cough, sore throat and arthritis, and Nardostachys jatamansi as tranquilizer and sleep inducer and evidences of some toxicities, we assessed the probable effect of their extracts on DNA of hepG2 cells using the comet assay. Different concentrations of above extracts of the plants are incubated with hepG2 cells for 24 h. A mixture of cell suspension and agarose gel were put on slides, then slides were embedded in a lysing solution and were put in electrophoresis buffer (pH = 13). Then the electrophoresis procedure took place in an alkaline solution and after neutralization stage, colorization was done by ethidium bromide and comets were observed using a fluorescence microscope. At least 100 cells of each sample were evaluated and three parameters including comet length, percent of DNA in tail, and tail moment were assessed. Both Aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extract of E. amoenum were genotoxic in the concentrations of 25 mg/ml and aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extract of N. jatamansi were genotoxic in the concentrations 5 and 10 mg/ml, respectively. Although E. amoenum and N. jatamansi are highly used in medicine, these herbs have genotoxic effects in determined concentrations and they should be used cautiously.

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of the aqueous extract of Echium amoenum in combination with SSRIs in patients with General Anxiety Disorder (GAD). The study was an 8-week double-blind randomized clinical trial. Thirty-seven adult outpatients who met the DSM-IV-TR criteria for GAD based on the structured clinical interview participated in the trial. In this study, patients were randomly assigned to receive the aqueous extract (500 mg) plus fluoxetine or fluoxetine (20 mg/day) plus placebo. The results showed significant difference between the two groups in the treatment of GAD. Moreover, there was not any significant difference between the two groups in terms of observed side effects. E. amoenum is effective on anxiety disorder, especially in higher dosage, without any serious side effects.