جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "ellagic acid" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"
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Objective (s)
Ellagic acid (EA) is a natural polyphenol with anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and other effects. However, the role of EA in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effects of EA in CIRI.
Materials and MethodsForty male Wistar rats (260-300 g) were randomly divided into four groups with 10 rats per group: 1) Sham+Veh: Rats underwent I/R surgery, except that they were not inserted with thread plugs, and received solute treatment at the same time. 2) MCAO/R+Veh. 3) MCAO/R+EA: Rats were administered 200 mg/kg EA before undergoing MCAO. 4) MCAO/R+Nim: Rats were administered Nim before undergoing MCAO.
ResultsCerebral MCAO/R damaged brain tissue, elevated neurological deficit score (P<0.01), cerebral infarction volume (P<0.01), inflammatory cell infiltration (P<0.01), NLRP6, ASC, caspase-1 and GSDMD mRNA level (P<0.01 and P<0.001), NLRP6, caspase-1, GSDMD-N and IL-1β protein level (P<0.01 and P<0.001), and inflammatory cytokines in brain tissue (P<0.01). Prophylactic administration of EA also significantly improved brain tissue damage, reduced neurological deficit score (P<0.01), cerebral infarction volume (P<0.01), inflammatory cell number (P<0.05), NLRP6, caspase-1, GSDMD-N mRNA and protein level (P<0.05 and P<0.01), ASC mRNA level and IL-1β protein level (P<0.01), and IL-1β and IL-18 level in brain tissue (P<0.01) compared to positive control.
ConclusionEA may serve as a potential drug for the treatment of brain I/R, which may exert an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the activation of the inflammasome.
Keywords: Cerebral Ischemia, Reperfusion Injury, Ellagic Acid, Inflammation, NLRP6 Inflammasome, Pyroptosis -
Background
Depression is one of the most common mood disorders and a major public health concern. Ellagic acid (EA), a type of polyphenol, acts as a strong hydrogen bond network as an electron receptor, enabling it to participate in various reactions.
ObjectivesMajor depression is a critical medical condition that has emerged as a public health issue due to its high incidence, mortality, and suicide rates. One significant factor in the pathogenesis of depression is oxidative stress. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ellagic acid supplementation on antioxidant status and symptom improvement in patients with major depressive disorder, considering the antioxidant capabilities of ellagic acid.
MethodsA total of 40 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder based on DSM-V criteria were assessed using the Beck Depression and Hamilton Depression Questionnaires. The dietary and caloric intake of the patients were monitored. Additionally, height and weight were measured, and patients with similar age, gender, and weight were matched. The individuals were randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the placebo group using a randomization table. The intervention group received a daily dose of 200 mg of ellagic acid in capsule form. The placebo group received a daily dose of one capsule containing 200 mg of wheat flour, identical in appearance to the intervention substance. The study period lasted for 8 weeks. Venous blood samples were collected before and after the study from all 40 individuals, and after serum separation, oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity). were measured using a specific kit and ELISA method.
ResultsThe study results showed a significant reduction in depression scores in the ellagic acid group during the study (P: 0.001)., with these alterations being significant when compared to the placebo group. In the ellagic acid group, a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (P: 0.027). and a significant decrease in malondialdehyde levels (P: 0.014). were observed at the end of the study, and these changes were significant compared to the placebo group. In contrast, significant changes in total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde levels were not observed in the placebo group.
ConclusionsThe current study indicates that ellagic acid intervention may have a favorable effect on depression in patients with major depressive disorder. This is achieved by reducing BDI scores and serum levels of MDA, as well as increasing serum levels of TAC in these patients compared to the placebo group. However, further investigation is necessary to explore the mechanisms underlying the different alterations of ellagic acid in depression.
Keywords: Major Depressive Disorder, Ellagic Acid, Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial, Total Antioxidant Capacity, MDA -
Background
Cholemic nephropathy (CN), a renal dysfunction caused by bile acids, is a severe complication of chronic liver damage and bile duct ligation (BDL), which may lead to complete kidney failure.
ObjectivesThis study investigated the protective effect of ellagic acid on CN in cholestatic rats.
MethodsSixty male Wistar rats weighing about 180 - 200 g were randomly divided into 6 groups for in vivo investigation. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10. Cholestasis was induced in rats by closing the bile ducts; then, the animals were treated with different doses of ellagic acid (10, 25, and 50 mg/kg). Then, the induction effect of cholestasis and the protective effects of ellagic acid on serum and urinary factors, oxidative stress indices, and histopathological changes in liver and kidney tissue were investigated.
ResultsBile duct ligation in rats led to an increase in serum and urinary factors. It was also associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, glutathione (GSH) oxide form, decrease in antioxidant systems, GSH and severe histopathological changes, and fibrosis of the liver and kidney tissues. Another finding of this research was the beneficial effect of ellagic acid in improving serum and urinary factors, oxidative stress indices, and histopathological changes.
ConclusionsDue to its antioxidant properties, ellagic acid can potentially serve as a novel therapeutic approach for treating kidney damage caused by increased serum levels of bile acids.
Keywords: Ellagic Acid, Oxidative Stress Indicators, Rats, Bile Duct Ligation -
ObjectiveThere is escalating evidence suggesting the beneficial effects of ellagic acid (EA) on the cardiovascular system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of EA in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) against high glucose (HG)- induced endothelial dysfunction and to study the potential roles of adropin and nitric oxide (NO) in this regard.Materials and MethodsThe experimental groups consisted of normal and HG (30 mM, 48 hr)-treated HUVECs incubated without or with 5 or 10 μM of EA (6 groups of at least 6 replicates, each). The cell count and viability were studied. Moreover, the markers of the redox state, including malondialdehyde (MDA), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase enzymes, and ferric reducing anti-oxidant power (FRAP), were assayed. The levels of adropin and eNOS gene expression were also studied using RT-qPCR.ResultsA high concentration of glucose reduced cell count and caused lipid peroxidation, reduced anti-oxidant capacity of the cells, decreased NO levels, and downregulated the expression of NOS3 (encoding eNOS) and ENHO (encoding adropin) genes. Ellagic acid reversed all these effects.ConclusionThese results suggest a significant protective effect for EA against HG-induced injury in HUVECs. The improved redox state and upregulation of NOS3 and ENHO genes seem to play critical roles in this regard.Keywords: Endothelial dysfunction, Ellagic acid, Adropin, Antioxidant, Hyperglycemia
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سابقه و هدف
الاژیک اسید یک ترکیب پلی فنولی طبیعی با خاصیت آنتی اکسیدان بالقوه است که در بیش تر میوه ها، دانه ها و سبزیجات وجود دارد. در این مطالعه اثرات تجویز الاژیک اسید در مدل آسیب کبدی ناشی از تیواستامید در موش های صحرایی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
مواد و روش هابرای انجام این مطالعه تجربی تعداد 60 سر موش صحرایی نر نژاد ویستار با وزن تقریبی 200گرم، به طور تصادفی به 6 گروه 10 تایی تقسیم شدند. آسیب کبدی با تجویز mg/kg 100 تیواستامید در سه روز متوالی به صورت تک دوز ایجاد شد. سپس دوزهای مختلف الاژیک اسید (10، 25 و50 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم) به مدت سه روز متوالی به صورت تک دوز به موش های بیمار تجویز شد. در نهایت 24 ساعت پس از آخرین تزریق، فاکتورهای بیوشیمیایی (ALP، AST ALT، LDH، بیلی روبین و پروتیین تام)، مارکرهای استرس اکسیداتیو (LPO،ROS ،FRAP،GSH)، غلظت یون آمونیوم و فعالیت حرکتی موش ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای تجزیه و تحلیل آماری از آزمون تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه و آزمون تعقیبی توکی استفاده شد.
یافته هاتیواستامید منجر به آسیب کبدی شد که خود را به صورت افزایش معنی دار فاکتورهای بیوشیمیایی سرم و مارکرهای استرس اکسیداتیو نشان داد(0/05>P). علاوه بر این میزان یون آمونیوم در پلاسما، به عنوان فاکتور کلیدی موثر در انسفالوپاتی کبدی، در حیوانات دریافت کننده تیواستامید به میزان بسیار زیادی افزایش داشت(0/05>P). تجویز الاژیک اسید در دوزهای مختلف به طور چشمگیری آسیب های کبدی و غلظت آمونیوم پلاسما را کاهش داد(0/05>P).
استنتاجنتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان می دهد که الاژیک اسید از طریق فعالیت های آنتی اکسیدانی موجب کاهش آسیب کبدی ناشی از تیواستامید می شود.
کلید واژگان: تیواستامید, آسیب کبدی, آمونیوم پلاسما, الاژیک اسید, استرس اکسیداتیوBackground and
purposeEllagic acid is a natural polyphenol compound with potential antioxidant properties that is present in most fruits, seeds, and vegetables. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effects of ellagic acid administration on the liver damage model caused by thioacetamide in rats.
Materials and methodsIn this experimental study, 60 male Wistar rats weighing approximately 200 grams were randomly divided into six groups (n=10). Liver damage was caused by a single dose (100 mg/kg) administration of thioacetamide for three consecutive days. Different doses of ellagic acid (10, 25 and 50 mg/kg) were administered to the sick mice as a single dose for three consecutive days. Finally, 24 hours after the last injection, biochemical factors (ALP, AST, ALT, LDH, bilirubin, total protein), oxidative stress markers (LPO, ROS, FRAP, GSH), ammonium ion concentration, and movement activity of the mice were examined. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were used for statistical analysis.
ResultsThioacetamide led to a significant increase in serum biochemical factors and oxidative stress markers in the studied groups (P<0.05). In addition, the amount of ammonium ion in the plasma, as a key effective factor in hepatic encephalopathy, was greatly increased in animals receiving thioacetamide (P<0.05). Administration of ellagic acid in different doses significantly reduced liver damage and plasma ammonium concentration (P<0.05).
ConclusionThe results of this study showed that ellagic acid reduced liver damage caused by thioacetamide through its antioxidant activities.
Keywords: thioacetamide, liver damage, plasma ammonium, ellagic acid, oxidative stress -
ObjectiveCerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) has been known as a major cause of inability and mortality worldwide. Ellagic acid (EA) has many pharmacological effects including antioxidant, antithrombotic and neurorestoration activities. The aim of this study was evaluation of the effects of EA on motor and cognitive behaviors, hippocampal local field potential (LFP), brain oxidative stress in male rats with cerebral 2-vessel occlusion ischemia/reperfusion (2VO I/R).Materials and MethodsForty-eight male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were assigned into six groups. 1) The Sham: rats were treated with DMSO10%/normal saline as solvent of EA 3 times daily for 1 week; 2) I/R+Veh; I/R rats received vehicle; 3-5) EA-treated groups: I/R rats received 50, 75, or 100 mg/kg EA; and 6) Cont+EA100: intact rats received EA. The cerebral 2VO I/R was made by the bilateral common carotid arteries closing for 20 min followed by reperfusion. The behavioral tests and hippocampal LFP recording were performed after treatment with EA. The oxidative stress parameters were assayed by special ELISA kits.ResultsCerebral 2VO I/R significantly decreased motor coordination, memory and hippocampal LFP and significantly increased oxidative stress. Treatment with EA improved all I/R complications.ConclusionThe current findings showed that treatment of I/R rats with EA could reverse cognitive and motor functions, and improve the LFP and oxidative stress markers. So, effects of EA on cognitive and motor function may at least in part, be due to its antioxidative actions.Keywords: Cerebral ischemia, reperfusion, Ellagic acid, Motor coordination, Cognition, Hippocampal local EEG, Oxidative stress
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In the great Persian Empire, pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) had a wide reputation for use both as an herbal medicine and nutritious food. It was also a symbol of peace and love according to Achaemenid limestones in the great Persia. This paper aims to review the traditional uses of pomegranate in Persian and Islamic traditional medicine and have thorough and current information regarding the pharmacology and phytochemistry of this valuable plant for practical use and further research. Relevant information about P. granatum was collected from scientific publishers and databases including Elsevier, Wiley, PubMed, and Google Scholar between 1950 and 2022. The traditional knowledge was extracted from Persian and Islamic traditional textbooks. Based on traditional textbooks, pomegranate has beneficial effects on diseases related to gastrointestinal, upper and lower respiratory, visual, and reproductive systems. In addition, pomegranate and its preparations have been prescribed for treating metabolic disorders, skin problems, and wounds as well as dental protection. Preclinical and clinical evidence supports many therapeutic potentials of pomegranate in traditional medicine. Its therapeutic effects are mostly attributed to its polyphenols. The knowledge in Persian and Islamic traditional textbooks about pomegranate and its preparations can be used as a guide for further preclinical and mainly clinical studies to discover the therapeutic potential of this valuable plant.
Keywords: Ellagic acid, Ethnopharmacology, Persian Traditional Medicine, Pomegranate, Punica granatum -
زمینه و هدف:
چاقی از مه مترین دغدغ ه ها و مشکلات تهدیدکننده سلامتی در سرتاسر جهان است و فعالیت ورزشی و رژیم غذایی سالم از مهمترین را ه های درمان و پیشگیری از آن می باشند. بنابراین، هدف از اجرای تحقیق بررسی تاثیر 12 هفته تمرین تناوبی شدید همراهبا مکم لسازی اسید الاژیک بر شرایط اکسیدانی/آنتی اکسیدانی زنان چاق بود.
روش بررسی:
بدین منظور 56 نفر از زنان چاق به 4 گروه تمرین ورزشی تناوبی شدید، گروه مکم لدهی اسید الاژیک، گروه تمرین ورزشی تناوبی شدید+گروه مکم لدهی اسید الاژیک و گروه دارونما تقسیم شدند. اگدننکتکرشن گروه تمرین ورزشی تناوبی شدید به مدت 12هفته، تمرین مورد نظر را به صورت 4 وهله 4 دقیق های دویدن اینتروال در 85 - 95 درصد ضربان قلب بیشینه که با 3 دقیقه دویدن با شدت 60-50 درصد ضربان قلب بیشینه و 7 دقیقه استراحت بین تناوب ها همراه بود، انجام دادند. همچنین مکمل دهی اسید الاژیک به صورتیک کپسول 50 میل یگرمی/روز مصرف شد. نمون ه های خونی قبل از انجام مداخله و 48 ساعت پس از آخرین جلسه تمرینی 12 هفته تمرین ورزشی تناوبی شدید برای برسی سطوح سرمی مالون دی آلدهید، گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز و ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی تام انجام شد.
یافته ها:
بین مقادیر مالو ند یآلدهید و ظرفیت آنت یاکسیدان تام آزمودن یها در گرو ه های مورد مطالعه پس از 12 هفته تمرین ورزشیتناوبی شدید همراه با مصرف مکم لدهی اسید الاژیک تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد(0001 / P=0) و این تفاوت بین گروه ترکیبی تمرین ورزشی تناوبی شدید+ مکم لدهی اسید الاژیک با دیگر گرو ه ها بوده است.
نتیجه گیری:
یافته های مطالعه حاضر نشان داد انجام تمرین تناوبی شدید همراه با مکم لدهی اسید الاژیک سبب بهبود عوامل آنتیاکسیدانی و اکسیدانی زنان چاق م یشود. هر چند که انجام تمرینات شدید نتایجی بهتری نسبت به مکمل داشت.
کلید واژگان: چاقی, استرس اکسیداتیو, اسید الاژیک, تمرین تناوبی شدیدBackground and ObjectivesObesity is one of the most important concerns and problems that threatenhealth all over the world, and sports activity and healthy diet are the most important ways to treat andprevent it. so, this study aims to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT)and Ellagic Acid (EA) supplementation on oxidative/antioxidant markers in obese women.
Subjects and MethodsIn this randomized clinical trial, 56 inactive obese women were randomly dividedinto four groups of HIIT, EA, EA+HIIT, and Control. The HIIT groups performed the training for 12 weeksincluding four 4-minute interval running at 85-95% HRpeak, 3 minutes of running at 50-60% HRpeak and7 minutes of rest interval. EA supplement was administered at a dose of 50 mg/day for 12 weeks. Bloodsamples were collected from the subjects before and 48 hours after the last session to assess serumlevels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC).
ResultsThere was a significant difference between EA+HIIT and HIIT groups in MDA (P=0.005), TAC(P=0.003) and GPx (P=0.0001) after intervention. There was a significant difference between the MDAand TAC values of the subjects in the studied groups after 12 weeks of HIIT with EA supplementation(P=0.0001). And this was the difference between the combined group (EA+HIIT) and other groups.
ConclusionTwelve weeks of HIIT and EA supplementation can significantly improve antioxidant and oxidantfactors in obese women.
Keywords: Obesity, oxidative stress, ellagic acid, high intensity interval training -
مقدمه و هدفدیابت ملیتوس با اختلال حافظه همراه است. الاژیک اسید (EA) پلی فنولی طبیعی با اثرات ضددیابتی و حفاظت کننده عصبی است. هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثر حفاظتی الاژیک اسید بر اختلال حافظه ناشی از دیابت و ارزیابی نقش اثر ضداسترس اکسیداتیو این ترکیب بود.مواد و روش هاموش های بزرگ آزمایشگاهی نر، نژاد ویستار به طور تصادفی به چهار گروه (n=8) کنترل، دیابتی، دیابتی دریافت کننده دوز 25 mg/kg EA و دیابتی دریافت کننده دوز50 mg/kg EA تقسیم شدند. دیابت به وسیله تزریق داخل صفاقی تک دوز 60 mg/kg از استرپتوزوتوسین (STZ) القا شد. پس از 4 هفته دریافت داخل معده ای (گاواژ) EA (یک بار در روز)، بررسی حافظه توسط تست حافظه احترازی غیرفعال (PAL) انجام شد. در انتها فاکتورهای مرتبط با استرس اکسیداتیو شامل مالون دی آلدیید (MDA) و ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی تام (TAC) در بافت هیپوکامپ که تحت بیهوشی عمیق از مغز حیوانات جدا شد ارزیابی شدند.نتایجحیوانات دیابتیک به صورت قابل توجه کاهش زمان تاخیر در ورود به قسمت تاریک (STLr) و افزایش زمان باقیماندن در محفظه تاریک (TDC) را در تست PAL و همچنین افزایش MDA و کاهش TAC را در مقایسه با گروه کنترل نشان دادند. درمان موش های دیابتیک با الاژیک اسید به شکل معنادار سبب افزایش STLr ، کاهش TDC و افزایش TAC (به وسیله هر دو دوز EA) و کاهش MDA (به وسیله دوز50 mg/kg EA) شد.نتیجه گیرییافته ها اثر بهبوددهنده حافظه الاژیک اسید را در حیوانات دیابتی از طریق تضعیف استرس اکسیداتیو نشان دادند.کلید واژگان: دیابت, الاژیک اسید, حافظه, استرس اکسیداتیو, استرپتوزوتوسینBackground and ObjectiveDiabetes mellitus is associated with memory impairment. Ellagic acid (EA) is a natural polyphenol with anti-diabetic and neuroprotective effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of ellagic acid on diabetes induced memory impairment and to evaluate the role of its antioxidant effect.Materials and MethodsMale Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=8): control, diabetic, diabetic receiving 25 mg/kg of EA, and diabetic receiving 50 mg/kg of EA. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ). After receiving EA (once a day) by oral gavage for four weeks, passive avoidance learning (PAL) test was used to evaluate memory. Finally, oxidative stress related factors including malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were evaluated in the hippocampal tissue separated from the animal brains under deep anesthesia.ResultsDiabetic animals showed marked reductions in step-through latency (STLr) and elevation in time spent in the dark compartment (TDC) in the retention trial and elevation of MDA level and diminution of TAC compared to controls significantly. Treatment of diabetic rats with EA markedly increased STLr, decreased TDC and enhanced TAC (by both EA doses) and reduced MDA (at a dose of 50 mg/kg of EA).ConclusionThe results displayed learning and memory improving effect of EA in diabetic rats via attenuating oxidative stress.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Ellagic acid, Memory, Oxidative stress, Streptozotocin
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Introduction
Acrylamide (ACR) is a toxic substance that has renal toxicity. We aim to investigate the therapeutic activity of ellagic acid (EA) on renal injury induced by ACR in Wistar rats.
MethodsThirty-five male Wistar rats were assigned into 5 groups: the control group (5ml/kg normal saline), the ACR group (20mg/kg ACR), the ACR+EA10 group (ACR and 10mg/kg EA), the ACR+EA30 group (ACR and 30mg/kg EA) and the EA30 group (30mg/kg EA). ACR and EA were daily administered by gavage for 30 days. Renal function was assessed by measuring the sera levels of creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Renal oxidative and inflammatory markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), protein carbonyl (PC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). hematoxylinand eosin staining was employed to assess pathological alternations of the kidney.
ResultsEA (more potentially 30mg/kg) administration alleviated the ACR-induced alterations in Cr and BUN levels. Moreover, EA treatment reduced the elevated levels of MDA, NO and PC as well as TNF-α and IL-1β content in renal tissue. Furthermore, reduced activity of SOD and CAT as well as GSH content in the kidney was increased by EA treatment. EA attenuated the ACR- induced pathological alterations in kidney.
ConclusionThese findings suggested that EA could mitigate ACR-induced kidney injury due to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
Keywords: Acrylamide, Oxidative stress, Inflammation, Nephrotoxicity, Ellagic acid -
Objective (s)
The goal of the current experiment was to define the efficacy and underlying molecular mechanisms of Ellagic acid (EA) on acute kidney injury (AKI) induced impairment in cognitive and synaptic plasticity in rats.
Materials and MethodsAdministration of 8 ml/kg glycerol (intramuscular) was used to establish the AKI model. Injured animals were treated by EA (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, daily, gavage) for 14 consecutive days. To approve the renal injuries and the effects of EA on AKI, creatinine values in serum and urea nitrogen (BUN) values in blood were measured. Cognitive performance was investigated using the Morris water maze test. In vivo long-term potentiation (LTP) was recorded from the hippocampus. Then, the level of IL-10β and TNF-α levels were measured using ELISA kits. The integrity index of the Blood-brain barrier (BBB) was assessed by extravasation of Evans blue dye into the brain.
ResultsGlycerol injection increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr) levels significantly in the AKI group, and EA treatment resulted in a significant reduction in BUN levels in all concentration groups. Also, a significant reduction in the cerebral EBD concentrations was demonstrated in EA treatment rats. Moreover, the indexes of brain electrophysiology, spatial learning, and memory were improved in the EA administrated group compared with the AKI rats.
ConclusionThe current experiment demonstrated the efficacy of EA in hippocampal complication and cognitive dysfunction secondary to AKI via alleviating the inflammation.
Keywords: AKI, Ellagic acid, Memory, Rat, Synaptic plasticity -
Introduction
Hyperalgesia is among the current complications of diabetes mellitus; oxidative stress and inflammation were influential in its development. As an herbal component, Ellagic Acid (EA) has some biological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study was designed to evaluate the possible beneficial effect of EA on hypernociception in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemic rats.
MethodsForty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into the control (receiving vehicle), hyperglycemic, EA (25 mg/kg)-treated control, EA (50 mg/kg)-treated control, EA (25 mg/kg)-treated hyperglycemic, and EA (50 mg/kg)-treated hyperglycemic groups. Hyperglycemia was induced by a single Intraperitoneal (IP) injection of STZ (60 mg/Kg). EA was administered daily by oral gavage for four weeks. The nociceptive response was assessed using Tail-Flick (TF) and Hot-Plate (HP) tests. Also, oxidative stress markers, including Malondialdehyde (MDA), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) in the serum, were evaluated.
ResultsHyperglycemic animals were found with significant changes, including a reduction in TF and HP latencies, an elevation in serum MDA level and TOS, and a decrease in serum TAC compared with controls. The treatment of hyperglycemic rats with EA facilitated the reduction of TF latency at the dose of 25 mg/kg and HP latency at 50 mg/kg. Furthermore, EA significantly increased TAC and decreased MDA level at a 50 mg/kg dose and reduced TOS at both doses in the serum of hyperglycemic animals. No significant alterations were found in the parameters studied in EA-treated normal rats.
ConclusionThese results displayed the antinociceptive effect of EA in hyperglycemic rats via attenuating oxidative stress. Therefore, EA appears to be a promising agent for managing. Hyperglycemic hypernociception.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Ellagic acid, Hyperalgesia, Rat, Oxidative stress -
هدف:
اثرات مفید پلی فنول ها در کمک به بهبود وضعیت گلایسمی در بیماران مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو در مطالعات علمی گزارش شده است. این مطالعه باهدف بررسی تاثیر مکمل خوراکی الاژیک اسید (EA) بر شاخص گلایسمی و مقاومت انسولینی در افراد دیابتی نوع دو انجام شد.
مواد و روش هادر این کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی دو سوکورکنترل شده با دارونما، 44 فرد دیابتی انتخاب شدند. بیماران به طور تصادفی در گروه مداخله (22 نفر) و دارونما (22 نفر) قرارگرفته و به ترتیب کپسول حاوی 180 میلی گرم EA در روز یا دارونما را به مدت 8 هفته دریافت کردند. در ابتدا و انتهای مطالعه اطلاعات دموگرافیک، شاخص های تن سنجی، دریافت مواد غذایی و میزان فعالیت بدنی، فاکتورهای بیوشیمیایی قند خون ناشتا و دوساعته، سطح انسولین پلاسما، درصد هموگلوبین گلیکوزیله (HbA1c) و مقاومت انسولینی (IR) اندازه گیری شد.
یافته هادر ابتدا و انتهای مطالعه به لحاظ فاکتورهای تن سنجی، دریافت مواد غذایی و میزان فعالیت بدنی در دو گروه تفاوت معنی داری وجود نداشت . در انتهای مطالعه، دریافت EA در گروه مداخله باعث کاهش معنی داری در میانگین قند خون ناشتا و دوساعته، سطح انسولین پلاسما، درصد HbA1c و میزان IR در مقایسه با گروه دارونما گردید (05/0>P).
نتیجه گیریمکمل EA می تواند به عنوان یک مکمل آنتی اکسیدانی با منشا غذایی در بیماران مبتلا به دیابت نوع 2 از طریق بهبود عوارض جانبی مزمن مفید باشد. علت این امر شاید مربوط به قدرت آنتی اکسیدانی این پلی فنول باشد.
کلید واژگان: الاژیک اسید, شاخص گلایسمی, مقاومت به انسولین, دیابت شیرین نوع دوKoomesh, Volume:23 Issue: 5, 2021, PP 582 -590IntroductionThe beneficial effects of polyphenols to improve glycemic status in patients with type 2 diabetes have been reported in scientific studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of oral ellagic acid (EA) supplement on glycemic index and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients.
Materials and MethodsIn this double blind randomized clinical trial, 44 diabetic patients were selected, and were randomly assigned to the intervention group (22 subjects) and placebo (22 subjects) and received a capsule containing 180 mg of EA per day or placebo for 8 weeks, respectively. At the beginning and end of the study, demographic information, anthropometric indices, food intake and physical activity, biochemical factors of fasting and two-hour blood sugar, plasma insulin level, glycosylated hemoglobin percentage (HbA1c) and insulin resistance (IR) were measured.
ResultsAt the beginning and end of the study, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of anthropometric indices, food intake and physical activity (P>0.05). At the end of the study, receiving EA in the intervention group significantly reduced fasting and two-hour blood sugar means, plasma insulin levels, HbA1c percentage, and IR levels compared with placebo group (P<0.05).
ConclusionEA supplementation can be helpful as a dietary antioxidant supplement in patients with type 2 diabetes by improving chronic side effects. This may be due to the antioxidant power of this polyphenol.
Keywords: Ellagic Acid, Glycemic Index, Insulin Resistance, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus -
Introduction
Syzygium cumini (L.) has been known to be used for diabetes treatment in traditional Indian and Chinese medicine. The present study focuses on the evaluation for glucose uptake and insulin release in vitro and characterization of phytoconstituents of the hydro-ethanolic extract of Syzygium cumini seed (SCE). Further, this report covers the molecular docking findings of the bioactive constituents on the sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1).
MethodsA glucose uptake assay of SCE was used to estimate the glucose uptake from the cell lysates and the cell culture supernatants using insulin as the reference standard. Insulin release activity of SCE from RIN-5F cells was estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The phytoconstituents were isolated by preparative HPLC and characterized by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared spectroscopy. The molecular docking of bioactive constituents was carried on repaglinide bound to the SUR1.
ResultsIn the presence of SCE, the glucose uptake through L6 myoblast cells increased by 19.91% at 40 µg/mL in comparison with the vehicle control (P < 0.05). Moreover, SCE showed 2.8-fold enhancement of insulin release at 40 µg/mL as compared to the vehicle controls (P < 0.05). Gallic and ellagic acids were the key phytoconstituents isolated from SCE. Molecular docking studies revealed that both gallic acid and ellagic acid bind to the repaglinide binding pocket of SUR1.
ConclusionSCE increases the release of insulin and enhances glucose uptake in vitro, which may contribute to its in vivo anti-diabetic activity. The presence of ellagic acid and gallic acid in SCE may be the cause for enhanced insulin release observed with SCE following binding to SUR1.
Keywords: Molecular docking, Spectroscopy, Gallic acid, Ellagic acid, RIN-5F cells, L6 myoblasts -
مقدمه
الاژیک اسید (الاژیتانین مهم در عصاره انار)، می تواند به عنوان یک ترکیب طبیعی و ایمن برای جلوگیری از هیپرتروفی قلب ناشی از افزایش سطح خونی آنژیوتانسین 2 در بسیاری از شرایط پاتولوژیک جذابیت داشته باشد. آنژیوتانسین 2 قادر است از طریق تحریک مسیرهای انتقال پیام مختلفی از جمله کلسینورین / فاکتور هسته ای سلول های T فعال شده (NFAT) به هیپر تروفی قلب منجر شود.
هدفدر مطالعه حاضر فعالیت احتمالی ضد هیپرتروفی الاژیک اسید و نقش مسیر انتقال پیام کلسینورین/ NFAT در این فعالیت در مقابل هیپرتروفی ناشی از آنژیوتانسین 2 بر روی کاردیومیوسیت ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
روش بررسیسلول های میوکارد H9c2 یک ساعت قبل از قرار گرفتن در معرض آنژیوتانسین 2 با غلظت های مختلف االژیک اسید مورد تیمار قرار گرفتند. مارکرهای بیولوژیک هیپرتروفی قلب شامل تغییر اندازه و محتوای پروتئین سلول و بیان پروتئین پپتید ناتریورتیک دهلیزی (ANP) به ترتیب با استفاده از میکروسکوپ نوری، روش برادفورد و وسترن بلات تعیین شدند. همچنین تاثیر الاژیک اسید بر بیان پروتئین کلسینورین و جایگزینی هسته ای NFATc4 ،به ترتیب با روش های وسترن بالت و ایمونوفلورسانس بررسی گردید.
نتایجنتایج نشان داد که پیش تیمار با الاژیک اسید می تواند به طور موثر از پاسخ هیپرتروفی ناشی از آنژیوتانسین 2 که با تغییر در بیومارکرهای مرتبط با هیپرتروفی شامل افزایش سایز و محتوای پروتئین سلول و بیان افزایش یافته ANP همراه بود، جلوگیری کند. بعلاوه باعث مهار افزایش بیان کلسینورین ناشی از آنژیوتانسین 2 و جایگزینی هسته ای NFATc4 گردید.
نتیجه گیریبه طور خلاصه، یافته های ما نشان داد که الاژیک اسید می تواند به طور موثری هیپرتروفی سلول های قلبی ناشی از آنژیوتانسین 2 را مهار کند. این اولین گزارشی است که نقش مهار مسیر کلسینورین /NFAT را در این اثر محافظتی نشان می دهد. مطالعات آتی به صورت درون تنی، ضروری است تا توانایی الاژیک اسید را در بهبود هیپرتروفی قلبی و گذار آن به طرف نارسایی قلب روشن کند.
کلید واژگان: الاژیک اسید, کاردیومیوسیت-هایپرتروفی, آنژیوتانسین 2, کلسینورین, سلول های H9c2BackgroundEllagic acid, a major ellagitannin found in pomegranate extract, might be an attractive natural and safe bioactive compound for prevention of cardiac hypertrophy in many pathological conditions that are associated with elevated circulating angiotensin II (Ang II). Ang II stimulates multiple signal transduction pathways involved in hypertrophy including calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT).
ObjectiveThe present study aimed to explore the possible anti-hypertrophic activity of ellagic acid against Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and the role of calcineurin/ NFAT signaling pathway in this action.
MethodsH9c2 myocardial cells were treated with different concentrations of ellagic acid one hour before exposure to Ang II. Biological markers of cardiac hypertrophy including changes in cell size and protein content, and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) protein expression were assessed using light microscopy, Bradford method and western blotting, respectively. The effects of ellagic acid on the protein expression of calcineurin and nuclear localization of NFATc4 were also investigated using western blotting and immunofluorescence assay, respectively.
ResultsThe results showed that pretreatment with ellagic acid could efficiently prevent Ang II-induced hypertrophic response which was associated with changes in hypertrophy-related biomarkers including increase in cell size and protein content, and ANP overexpression. Moreover, ellagic acid inhibited Ang II-induced calcineurin up-regulation and nuclear localization of NFATc4.
ConclusionIn summary, our findings showed that ellagic acid effectively inhibited Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. This is the first report demonstrating the role of calcineurin/NFAT pathway inhibition in this protective effects. Future in vivo studies are required to elucidate if ellagic acid could ameliorate cardiac hypertrophy and its transition to heart failure.
Keywords: Ellagic acid, Cardiomyocyte-hypertrophy, Angiotensin II, Calcineurin, H9c2 cells -
سابقه و هدف
سندرم روده تحریک پذیر (IBS) نوعی اختلال در عملکرد روده است. استرس اکسیداتیو نقش قابل توجهی در این بیماری دارد. با توجه به اثرات آنتی اکسیدانی الاژیک اسید(EA)، این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تاثیر مکمل یاری الاژیک اسید بر کیفیت زندگی در بیماری IBS طراحی شد.
مواد و روش هااین مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی دوسوکور در دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قزوین در سال 1398 انجام شد و در آن 44 بیمار واجد شرایط با روش تقسیم تصادفی ساده به دو گروه تقسیم و به مدت 8 هفته روزانه یک کپسول mg180 EA (گروه مداخله) و یک کپسول mg180 حاوی آرد گندم (گروه پلاسبو) دریافت کردند. در ابتدا و انتهای مطالعه، پرسشنامه های دموگرافیک، فعالیت بدنی، یادآمد خوراک 24 ساعته تکمیل گردید. فاکتورهای آشفتگی، پاسخ اجتماعی، نگرانی های سلامتی، تصویر بدنی، ارتباطات، روابط جنسی، ممنوعیت غذایی و اختلال فعالیت روزانه توسط پرسشنامه کیفیت زندگی ویژه بیماران IBS(IBS-QOL-34) تکمیل شد. یافته ها با نرم افزار V20 SPSS Statistics تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.
یافته ها:
در ابتدا و انتهای مطالعه به لحاظ فاکتورهای تن سنجی، تفکیک جنسیتی (52 درصد مرد، 48 درصد زن)، میانگین سنی (مداخله: 93/4 ± 55/36 و داونما: 84/5 ± 29/35)سال، دریافت مواد غذایی و فعالیت بدنی دو گروه تفاوت معنی داری نداشتند (05/0>p). در انتهای مطالعه، مصرف EA، باعث کاهش معنی داری در میانگین امتیاز کلی IBS-QOL نسبت به ابتدا شده و کیفیت زندگی افزایش معنی داری داشت(05/0>P). تغییر معنی داری درکیفیت زندگی درگروه پلاسبو مشاهده نشد (05/0>p).
استنتاجمصرف پلی فنول های غذایی مانندEA، احتمالا از طریق کاهش استرس اکسیداتیو، باعث بهبود عملکرد روده و کیفیت زندگی در بیماری IBS می شود. شماره ثبت کارآزمایی بالینی : 11N20141025019669IRCT
کلید واژگان: الاژیک اسید, کیفیت زندگی, سندرم روده تحریک پذیر, کارآزمایی بالینیBackground and purposeIrritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a type of intestinal dysfunction. Oxidative stress plays a significant pathological role in this disease. Ellagic acid (EA) as a dietary polyphenol is known to have antioxidant effects. This study was designed to investigate the effect of ellagic acid supplementation on quality of life in patients with IBS.
Materials and methodsA randomized double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out in 44 patients with IBS in Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Iran 2019. The participants were randomly allocated to receive either a capsule containing 180 mg EA per day (n=22) or placebo, a capsule containing 180 mg wheat flour, (n=22) for 8 weeks. At the beginning and end of the study, demographic characteristics and frequency of physical activity were recorded, and 24-hour dietary recall index and the Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life (IBS-QOL-34) questionnaire were completed. Data analysis was performed in SPSS V20.
ResultsAt the beginning and end of the study, there were no significant differences between the two groups in anthropometric indices, food intake, and physical activity (P>0.05). At the end of the study, EA consumption significantly decreased the mean IBS-QOL total score compared to baseline and significantly increased quality of life (P<0.05). The study showed no significant change in the quality of life in the placebo group (P>0.05).
ConclusionAccording to this study, dietary polyphenols such as ellagic acid improve bowel function, possibly by reducing oxidative stress, thereby improving the quality of life in patients with IBS. (Clinical Trials Registry Number: IRCT20141025019669N11)
Keywords: ellagic acid, quality of life, irritable bowel syndrome, clinical trial -
Introduction
Biofilm formation is one of the specific features of Candida albicans that protects it from antifungal agents and the host immune system. Also, Biofilm formation by C. albicans on the mucosal surfaces and medical devices are responsible for causing Candida nosocomial infection. Here, we investigated the effects of ellagic acid on C. albicans growth and biofilm formation regarding the expression of two essential genes that are involved in adhesion and yeast-hypha transition.
MethodsThe yeasts were treated with serial two-fold concentrations of ellagic acid (3.125-100 µg/ml) for 48 h at 35°C. The weights of the cultured yeasts were measured as an indicator of the fungal growth, and the biofilm formation was assessed by a tetrazolium salt (XTT) reduction assay. The expressions of HWP1 and ALS3 genes were assayed by real-time PCR.
ResultsEllagic acid inhibited C. albicans growth 0.68%-82.44%, dose-dependently. The biofilm formation also reduced 2.61%-68.318%. Also, The expressions of HWP1 and ALS3 genes were notably suppressed by ellagic acid at different concentrations.
ConclusionOur results showed that ellagic acid is a potential candidate to eliminate C. albicans-generated biofilm by suppressing the expression of the involved genes.
Keywords: Ellagic acid, Candida albicans, Biofilm, Gene -
Objective(s)Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) causes brain inflammation that ultimately causes long time brain function disturbances. We aimed to evaluate the effect of ellagic acid (EA) on anxiety, depression, locomotion behaviors, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, brain edema, and inflammation in male rats with cerebral I/R.Materials and MethodsSixty male Wistar rats (250-300 g) divided into 6 groups randomly with 10 in each: 1) Sham+Veh; rats submitted to the surgery without any I/R and received vehicle (10% DMSO in normal saline 5 ml/kg, gavages). 2) I/R+Veh; 3-5) I/R+EA; I/R rats received 50, 75 and 100 EA mg/kg, by gavages 3 times daily for one week. The cerebral I/R injury was induced by clamping the bilateral common carotid arteries for 20 minutes followed by reperfusion. Behaviors were tested one week after treatment, and brain tissue cytokines were measured by special ELISA kits.ResultsCerebral I/R disrupted BBB function (P<0.001), increased brain water content (P<0.01), anxiety-like (P<0.001), depression-like (P<0.001) behaviors and cytokines in the brain tissue (P<0.001), while decreased locomotion and exploratory behaviors significantly (PConclusionThe results suggest that EA could be a potential therapeutic agent against cerebral I/R, possibly through its intertwined anti-inflammatory effects. Further research is required to investigate the involved mechanisms in details.Keywords: Anxiety-like behavior, BBB permeability, Brain edema, Cerebral ischemia, reperfusion, Cytokines, Depression-like behavior, Ellagic acid, Exploratory behaviors
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Ellagic Acid (EA), is a naturally occurring phenolic found in some fruits and nuts. It has a great variety of biological activities, including properties antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, anti-atherogenic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, anti-mutagenic, and anti-carcinogenic agent recently. This review aims to summarize experimental research carried out in vivo and in vitro that evaluated the EA treatment in male reproduction and discussed the mechanisms of action. For this purpose, PubMed and SCOPUS databases were searched to identify publications in this regard.
Keywords: ellagic acid, polyphenols, Urolithins, Male Reproduction
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