جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « expectations » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Marriage satisfaction is one of the main determinants of the quality of life of each person, and marital satisfaction can predict the stability and instability of a relationship.

This research was conducted with the aim of developing a model of marital satisfaction based on marital expectations, emotional maturity and aspects of love by mediating marital conflicts in married women.

The descriptive data collection method was correlational. The current study's statistical population was comprised of all married women who referred to the community centers of Tehran in 1401, and 550 by the available sampling method people were selected from among them. In this research, Enrich's (1998) marital satisfaction tools, Miller and Tedder's (2011) expectations from married life, Singh and Bhargava's (1991) emotional maturity, Barati, and Sanai Zaker's (1375) marital conflicts, and Sternberg's love triangle (1989) were used. Structural equation modeling method and SPSS and PLS software were used for data analysis.

The findings of the research showed that marital expectations and emotional maturity and dimensions of love had a significant effect on marital satisfaction directly and indirectly due to marital conflicts (P<0.05).

Based on the research findings, marital satisfaction is influenced by marital expectations, emotional maturity, and aspects of lovemaking. It is suggested to researchers and therapists to examine marital expectations, emotional maturity and the dimensions of love and subsequent marital conflicts in preventing and planning treatment for couples.

Today, universities are increasingly adopting the strategy of internationalization to gain a competitive advantage in national and international markets. Therefore, attracting and enrolling international students is crucial as the primary option for the internationalization of universities. This article aims to analyze the expectations of international students towards the university and the viewpoints of higher education experts regarding the requirements for attracting international students.

The research was applied in terms of purpose, employing a qualitative method. The participants in the research consisted of: (a) 18 international students studying in public universities and (b) 13 experts in higher education with experience in the field of internationalization of higher education. Data collection was conducted through in-depth and semi-structured interviews. The gathered data and information were analyzed using NVivo and SPSS software.

The findings revealed that the expectations of international students from their university could be categorized into three groups: (a) teaching-learning, (b) administrative and support services, and (c) cultural guidance and counseling. The requirements for attracting international students could be categorized into two groups: (a) laws and regulations, macro policies of higher education, and (b) universities and higher education institutions.

The article analyzed the views of stakeholders and experts, providing a valuable opportunity for reconsidering the increase in attracting international students. Based on the findings, recommendations were made.

The main purpose of the current research was to analyze undergraduate students’ research experiences based on their expectations, performances, and achievements.

This research was conducted using the phenomenological method. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. Based on this method, with the purposeful sampling approach and standard method,34  undergraduate students were selected and interviewed following theoretical saturation.

This research analyzed interviews following the Claizi model and using thematic analysis. After extracting and categorizing the significant items, 22 basic subthemes and 3 main themes (expectations, performance, and achievement) were classified.Results This research analyzed interviews following the Claizi model and using thematic analysis. After extracting and categorizing the significant items, 22 basic subthemes and 3 main themes (expectations, performance, and achievement) were classified.

The results showed that positive experiences of doing research will encourage students to continue the work and express enthusiasm and commitment to carry out accurate and continuous research. To develop students’ research activities, it is essential to provide scientific communication through seminars, scientific gatherings, conferences, and national and international congresses and arrange suitable fields for research activities.

 Motivation is one of the most important elements of learning and progress. Although intelligence and talent are important and determining factors of students' learning, other factors are also important and influential besides these factors. Among these factors, motivational beliefs can be mentioned. Academic motivation generally refers to the motivations, needs, and factors that cause a person to attend educational environments and obtain an educational certificate. Motivation is defined as a process by which goal-oriented activities are stimulated and maintained. In the theoretical and conceptual models of motivation, progress, beliefs, and expectations of people, the most important and main determinants of progress behavior are considered. These models include attribution theory, expectation-value theory, self-determination theory, goal theory, and self-efficacy theory. When learners have the necessary motivation to learn, the process of communication is facilitated, content becomes more fluent, anxiety is reduced, and creativity and learning are manifested. Also, motivated students have positive motivational effects on the teacher and as a result, they make education satisfactory for both the teacher and the students. Also, the study showed that students' motivation affects all classroom activities. The issue of academic motivation is an essential issue for teachers and education custodians of different countries. Increasing the motivation level of students requires a change in the factors that motivate a person, which is divided into two categories, internal and external. Motivational beliefs, the expectation of success, and perceived subjective value act as mediating variables about cognitive processes and progress behaviors. At the most general level, it is assumed that the socio-cultural environment acts as the main source of influence on the mental processes of the individual. This environment includes stereotypes related to gender and culture, behaviors and beliefs of socializers, talents, and previous development of the individual. Considering that the researchers of expectancy-value theory have emphasized the different roles of task value, ability-expectation beliefs, task difficulty understanding, source of control, and previous progress in subsequent progress, it can be said that expectation-value can influence It has positive and negative effects on students' academic motivation, therefore, in this research, we seek to answer the following question. Do psychological and situational gains and losses in the relationship between expectations and values ​​affect academic motivation?

The current research is of the correlation type, which examines the relationships between the variables of the proposed model using the structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of this research includes all secondary school girls and boys of Qorve city in the academic year 2020-2021, and the number of these students is reported to be 10,000 by the Ministry of Education. The sample size in this research was calculated using Cochran's pheromone equal to 384 people. The sampling method in this research is multi-stage cluster sampling. The city has two regions, north and south, and girls' and boys' schools, and one class from each school and each level were selected through virtual and in-person selection (according to the conditions of the corona disease and the strictness of the schools) and a questionnaire was provided to them. The main tool for collecting information in this research is a standard questionnaire (psychological gains and losses, expectations, academic motivation). In order to determine the presence or absence of a relationship or influence between the variables and to estimate and generalize the results obtained from the sample size to the statistical population from the Kolmogorov-Smiranov test, the simple correlation model with the obvious variable, the Pearson correlation coefficient test and the path model (mediator) to evaluate the hypotheses and data The research and the research conceptual model have been used. The tool for analyzing questionnaire data of this research is Spss statistical software and Amos structural equation modeling software.

According to the findings of this research, expectations have a positive effect on academic motivation. Expectations have a positive effect on psychological gains and losses. Psychological gains and losses play a mediating role in the relationship between expectations and academic motivation.

In general, it can be said that by creating expectations in students, it is possible to help increase academic motivation. Also, according to the relationship between expectations and psychological losses, it can be concluded that by increasing expectations, psychological losses in students can be increased. In the model of expectation and value, these structures are the two main predictors of behavior leading to progress, and it is assumed that expectation and value have a direct effect on progress behavior, and the amount of expectation and value is influenced by the perception of the social environment, cultural context. Therefore, motivation and engagement are powerful processes that can motivate students to learn new skills on the one hand and can lead to a lack of engagement and educational self-destruction on the other hand. (Positive or negative reactions towards the teacher, classmates, university, or school; the feeling of belonging to the individual, conformity with the school or its demands). The review of the research literature shows that the educational involvement of parents is accompanied by the educational involvement of students, especially the concern to do homework at home and a positive attitude towards school. Students' involvement in school activities leads to educational progress, positive expectations about academic ability, improvement of academic performance, and reduction of dropping out. One of the limitations of this study is the inability to generalize to other cities in the country because the results of the study were only for students in Qorve. Also, the unnecessary strictness of the school administrators in distributing the questionnaire among the students can be mentioned, as well as the very poor cooperation of some students in answering the questions of the questionnaire, which we convinced them to cooperate with great difficulty and convincing explanations.

Sexual dysfunction is often associated with affect imbalance and inefficient expectations. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of emotionally focused couple’s therapy, cognitive-behavioral couple’s therapy and Gottman systemic-cognitive couple’s therapy on affect balance and marriage expectations of woman with sexual dysfunction.

This research was a semi-experimental study with a pretest, posttest and two months follow up design with a control group. The statistical population included all woman with sexual dysfunction and their spouses in fall 2021. From them, 72 couples were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to three experimental groups and a control group (18 couples for each group). affect balance scale of Diener et al and marriage expectations scale of Jones and Nelson was used to assess dependent variable in three stages. The three treatment groups were each treated for 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the control group did not receive any treatment. The data were analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance and post-hoc Bonferroni test by version 26 of SPSS software.

The results showed that, in the post-test and follow up phases, in affect balance, there is a significant difference between emotionally focused therapy (-6.05 & 5.83), cognitive-behavioral therapy (-6.89 & -6.67) and systemic-cognitive therapy (-6.28 & -6.05) with the control group (-9.83 & -9.83), and also in marriage expectations there is significant difference between three treatment in posttest (emotionally focused therapy 34.38, 30 & 13.44, cognitive-behavioral therapy 32.83, 30.61 & 14.83, and systemic-cognitive therapy 33.72, 30 & 13.39) and follow up (emotionally focused therapy 34.44, 29.83 & 13.33, cognitive-behavioral therapy 33.05, 30.33 & 14.78, and systemic-cognitive therapy 33.89, 29.94 & 13.39) and the control group (p <0.01). There was no significant difference between three treatments with each other in affect balance and inefficient expectations (p>0.05).

According to the research results, emotionally focused, cognitive-behavioral and systemic-cognitive couple’s therapy are effective in increasing affect balance and realistic expectations, and in reducing idealistic and optimistic expectations in women with sexual dysfunction. It is recommended that these three treatments be used for women with sexual dysfunction in therapeutic centers.

prenatal care is performed with the aim of maintaining a healthy pregnancy in terms of physical health and favorable mental outcomes for the mother, baby, and family. Considering that the health and progress of any society is largely based on the health of women, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the quality of prenatal care from the perspective of the service recipients using the SERVQUAL pattern during the Covid-19 pandemic in sanandaj comprehensive health centers.

In this descriptive-analytic study, 400 women referring to 10 comprehensive health centers in Sanandaj city to receive prenatal care were studied. The sampling method was cluster sampling (10 people in each cluster). 4 clusters (40 pregnant women) were selected from each center. SERVQUAL questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using Stata version 14 software and descriptive statistics i.e. independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance (or their non-parametric equivalent i.e. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis, respectively), as well as chi-square test and Fisher;#39s test.

There was a negative quality gap in all five dimensions of service quality. The overall quality gap in this study was -0.66. The highest mean of this gap was in the concrete dimension (-1.44), and the lowest mean was in the empathy dimension (-0.02). Also, a statistically significant difference was seen between the perceptions and expectations of the clients in terms of tangibles, assurance, and guarantee (P0.05).

Based on the results, there was a gap between the level of expectations and perceptions of prenatal care recipients during the Covid-19 pandemic. The expectations of the service recipients was beyond their perceptions of the existing situation, and there is still large gap for improvement in order to achieve the satisfaction of the service recipients and provide the desired health care services.

One of the reasons that caused healths clients are feeling dissatisfaction with health organizations is expectations that they are creating and not able to meet according to their expectations. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of production a branding model for health services with the of clients’ expectations approach.

This compound study was performed in 2021. The statistical population of this study in qualitative phase included 20 academic and institutional experts using snowball sampling and the Delphi technique. For the quantitative phase, 830 people referred to health centers were selected as service recipients. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by face, content, and structural validity, and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha of 0.96 Quantitative data were presented by EQS software version 6.1 with confirmatory factor analysis and using structural equations.

The results of factor structure in healthcare branding based on six main themes of competitive position, brand equity, brand accessibility, brand consolidation in the minds of clients and the market, branding strategies, and consumer-brand relationship with 19 sub-themes based on the perspective of health services clients (CFI=0/9, TLI=0/9, SRMR=0/049, RMSEA=0/09) had a good fit and the internal consistency of the items had significant levels (P<0/05).

The results of this study show that 19 sub-main themes confirm the six-factor structure of health services branding and were one of the effective themes in branding from the perspective of clients. Since the branding of health services improves the quantity and quality of services provided in the health system, therefore, it is suggested that by creating innovation in the quantity and quality of services provided, access to health services, creating a competitive advantage and empowering employees and improving communication skills, an effective step can be taken in health services branding planning.

The present study aimed at investigating English for specific purposes (ESP) instructors' expectations and attitudes towards teaching ESP to students of nursing in medical universities. As a survey study, the participants were 57 ESP instructors teaching at medical universities of Kermanshah, Kurdistan, and Ilam. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to gather the data. The reliability coefficient of the researcher-made questionnaire equaled 0.74. The findings of the study revealed that the participating instructors expected the comprehension of reading passages to be the main goal of ESP courses at medical universities and that learning English grammar to be of the least degree of importance. Moreover, the participants' pointed to the dearth of attention to communicative skills in such courses. Additionally, the instructors argued that crowded ESP classes do not guarantee accountability in teaching. Furthermore, the instructors complained about the lack of facilities like language labs and language learning softwares in ESP courses. To conclude, paying due attention to communicative and interactive skills besides a concern for reading comprehension and vocabulary building, is of utmost priority in ESP courses. Hence, it seems incumbent upon ESP curriculum developers and course designers to evaluate ESP courses profoundly and take advantage of new theories in the realm of ESP.

Gaps in expectations and perceptions of service delivery in an organization are inevitable; But what is important is the degree of gap in the field of inter-organizational competition. Now that the expansion of universities in Iran is moving from a quantitative to a qualitative stage, the need for such research to help improve the quality of education and further the health of students is felt more than ever. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of expectations and perceptions of Azad University students about the quality of educational services during the corona to promote health using the Servqual model. One of the effective factors in the success and survival of any organization, including higher education, is to pay attention to the quality of services. The current study was to examine the expectations and perceptions of Azad University students about the quality of educational services during the corona to promote health using the Servqual model.

The present study is applied in terms of the type of research and according to the method of data collection is a descriptive and survey type of research and considering that the statistical population of this research is students of physical education in Islamic Azad universities in the south of the country (Fars , Bushehr, Hormozgan and Kohkiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad) in the academic year 1399-99, this research has been cross-sectional. Sampling was done in several steps, first the sample of all universities was calculated and then the sample of each university was obtained as a relative class and in a simple random sample in each university. Final sampling was performed. The required number of samples was determined using Morgan table 384 people, of which a total of 371 questionnaires were collected and analyzed statistically. Out of 371 people, 212 are men and 159 are women. Also, from the total number of participants, 154 people from Fars Islamic Azad University, 74 people from Bushehr Islamic Azad University, 62 people from Hormozgan Islamic Azad University and 81 people from Kohkiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad Islamic Azad University were selected. In this descriptive-survey study, 371 physical education students of Islamic Azad universities in the south of the country (Fars, Bushehr, Hormozgan and Kohkilouyeh and Boyer Ahmad) were selected by proportional stratified method. Using the standard questionnaire of five dimensions of Servqual model of Rasoulabadi et al. (2013), the necessary data were collected in two areas of perception and expectations. The collected data were analyzed by Wilcoxon method using SPSS-20 software.

The average perception in each of the dimensions of the quality of educational services to promote health is lower than the level of expectations, which has led to a negative gap. The values of this gap according to each component include tangible (-1.71), professorschr('39') competence (-1.44), accountability (-21.21), course content (-1.30), teaching method (-1.22)  and valid (-1/35); Therefore, prioritizing the dimensions of the quality of educational services of the free universities of the south of the country based on the students chr('39')point of view is as follows: tangibles, professorschr('39') competence, credibility, course content, teaching method and accountability.

In general, the results of the current study indicate that students are not satisfied with the quality of educational services of Islamic Azad universities in the south of the country and the educational services provided do not meet the expectations of students to promote educational and health factors. The gaps observed in all components and in the five dimensions of service quality can be used as a guide for proper planning and resource allocation. Therefore, it is recommended to improve and enhance the quality of services; Workshops should be held for faculty members, faculty members, and staff to enhance their technical and communication skills, and studentschr('39') views should be used in educational programs to promote health with a student-centered perspective. Providing appropriate educational spaces and optimizing existing spaces can also be effective in increasing student satisfaction and health. The last point is that due to differences in courses and educational levels, equipment facilities, staff and faculty members in universities, as well as cultural, social, etc. characteristics in different societies, the views of service recipients on the quality of services, perceptions and Their expectations are different. Therefore, to improve the quality of educational services in the country, such research is recommended to other universities. But the present study has some limitations. This study was conducted among physical education students of Islamic Azad universities in the south of the country (Fars, Bushehr, Hormozgan, Kohkluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad). He was careful. Also, due to some characteristics of the statistical population used, such as different educational levels of the subjects and the small size of the research sample, the generalization of the research findings to other organizations should be done with caution.

It is currently fulfilling the needs and expectations of patients and providing their satisfaction from the main goals of the organization of health services. Because awareness of patients chr('39') perceptions and expectations plays an important role in providing better and more quality health care services, this study aimed to compare expectations of patients with their perceptions of health care quality among educational hospitals in Neyshabur city using the servqual model.

A recent cross-sectional study was conducted on 271 patients admitted to Hakim hospitals and 22 Bahman Neyshabur hospitals from 2017 to 2018. A Systematic random sampling method and 22-Question SERVQUAL Questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed by SPSS software ver 17 and using descriptive and inferential statistics (Independent t, Paired t, Pearson correlation, one-way ANOVA).

The results showed that there is a significant difference between the quality of services provided and the expectations and perceptions of patients in all aspects of the five dimensions (p<0.05). The difference between expectation and perception was related to the dimensions of reliability (-6.57) and responsiveness (-5.27) and the lowest gap was related to the dimension of empathy (-2.94).

The quality analysis of services has led to the awareness of authorities in the areas of patient dissatisfaction and the use of procedures and reduces the distance between expectations and perceptions of patients.

 Properly identifying the expectations of family members of patients admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) is a necessity for nurses. 
Objective The present study aimed to determine and compare the expectations of ICU patients’ families according to the perceptions of ICU nurses and family members.

 In this descriptive-analytical study, 147 families of ICU patients and 137 ICU nurses of hospitals in Qazvin were selected as study samples through a census method. Data were collected using Molter’s Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI), and data analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test, one-way ANOVA and chi-square at a significant level of P<0.05.

 The overall score of CCFNI and its subscales for the family members were significantly higher than in the nurses (P<0.001). The degree of importance and prioritization of family expectations were different between patients’ families and nurses. The reason for patient hospitalization had a significant association with the overall score of CCFNI and its subscales. Moreover, the family history of hospitalization showed a significant correlation with the CCFNI subscales of information and proximity (P<0.05). The age and work experience of nurses had a significant association with the CCFNI subscales of information, assurance, and comfort (P<0.05).

 Family members of ICU patients and nurses have different perceptions of the expectations of patients’ families. Nurses need to consider the expectations of patients’ family members.