جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « financing » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Financing, creating resources, delivering services, and stewardship are the four main tasks of the health system, and achieving these goals is the main indicator of an efficient and fair health system. The present study was conducted to investigate the model of the management of the financing chain of the health system with the approach of system dynamics.

In this integrated review, all articles related to the study objectives, published until May 2022, were reviewed. Search in SID database, Iran Medex, Iran Doc, Magiran, Science Direct, Medline / PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library. It was done with the keywords "financing ", "health system", "supply chain management" and "system dynamic". The inclusion criteria were articles in English or Persian, quasi-experimental, descriptive,qualitative, and related to the study objectives. Exclusion criteria were review articles, posters,speeches, and letters to the editor.

Dimensions and components affecting health financing include: health-oriented services,the amount of knowledge sharing and documentation, budgeting system, the effect of the number of customers and demand, the extent of met demand, tax-oriented system, social hospital, financial participation, disease fund, competitive advantage, service quality, bureaucracies, financing plans, and legislation, effective use of information, financial and risk structure, improvement of human resources performance, effective advertising and population trends.

The management of the financial supply chain in the health system has many complexities and depends on economic factors, legislation, and the quality of service delivery. A scientific model based on its dynamic situation has not been investigated and formulated so far.

Induced demand is a major challenge for financing health promotion. Experts have highlighted the important role of health insurance as a driver of demand for doctors even in emerging and advanced world economies. Therefore, the importance of conducting review studies in the country to obtain methods for identifying induced demand is not hidden from anyone.

In this study, articles were searched from English PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Cochrane and Web of Science databases.

The findings showed that about 90% of the studies proved the induced demand in diagnostic and therapeutic services with statistical analysis methods and investigating the relationship of variables, and the issue of induced demand is still an important issue in the world.

The structure of insurances is quite effective in the formation of induced demand due to the fundamental role they play in paying health service providers, and the research methods of these articles provide effective perspectives for the country's health policy makers in recognizing and controlling induced demand.

Increasing spending on social security resources is one of the country's economic challenges. Since the population structure and its dynamics in any country is considered the axis and center of economic and social planning, on the other hand, this increase in population requires the assurance of prosperity and peace in the future. Therefore, planning and predicting the impact of demographic changes on the resources and expenses of the social security organization until 2050 is of great importance.

In this research, the estimation of the population based on age groups using the cohort method has been done until 2050, and then the demand and supply of labor in four different scenarios has been predicted until 2050. Using the average ratio of insured persons to employed persons, the number of insured persons has been predicted until 2050. To determine the number of pensioners, the ratio of pensioners to the number of people over 60 years of age is used, and by maintaining the stability of this relationship, the number of pensioners has been estimated until 2050.

One of the scenarios, which is highly likely to happen, shows that since 2035, the gap between the cost and income of the social security organization will increase. Another scenario determines the mentioned year 2040 as an important time for this gap. The results of this research show that by 2050, the expenses of the social security organization will exceed its resources by about 14,016 thousand billion tomans.

The trend of social security organization's resources and expenses, based on a realistic scenario, which is more likely than other scenarios, shows that until 1415, the social security organization's resources are more than its expenses and there is a surplus. In 2035, resources and expenses are equal and there is no deficit. From 2035 onwards, the gap between resources and expenses is increasing in favor of expenses.

The healthcare sector is a primary driver of a country's growth. In light of recent healthcare crises, adequate financing has gained special importance. This research aims to explore potential futures of service-based financing in the healthcare supply chain.

This study, applied in nature and employing a mixed-methods approach, was conducted in Iran over four stages from 2021 to 2023. The first stage involved 15 participants, followed by 12 in the subsequent stages. Participants included healthcare supply chain managers and university professors specializing in healthcare management and research. In the first stage, semi-structured interviews, interview guidelines, and thematic analysis were utilized to identify the drivers of the service-based financing chain. The second stage involved a researcher-made questionnaire and the Micmac software to extract the main drivers. In the third stage, an interactive management approach determined the uncertainty of each main driver. Finally, the fourth stage used a researcher-made questionnaire and the ScenarioWizard software to identify consistent scenarios.

The study identified 20 drivers, with 13 deemed as main drivers, leading to 15 consistent scenarios. The results reveal a contradiction: while the improvement and differentiation of services (coupled with inflation) may increase the cost of services, leading to reduced accessibility for some, failure to improve healthcare services could result in capital flight and inadequate treatment for new diseases.

To resolve this contradiction, two approaches for the healthcare sector can be envisioned: a) customer segmentation based on financial capacity and required services, and b) alternative financing methods. Approach "a" potentially increases social inequality by providing different services based on financial ability. Approach "b", relying on inconsistent income sources like charity, leaves the government's role in financing ambiguous. Consequently, approach "a", supplemented with governmental support for vulnerable groups, appears more viable.

Health financing is very important and means providing money, budget or necessary resources for it. Considering the vital role of the government in financing health, in this research, the drivers of financing were identified by the government and possible futures were investigated.

The present qualitative study was developed in 4 phases. Judgmental and snowball sampling methods were applied in all stages. In the first stage, based on theoretical saturation, 15 people and in other stages, 12 experts participated. In the first phase, financing drivers were identified through interviews and thematic analysis. In the second phase, using the researcher-made questionnaire and Micmac 6.1.2 software, the main drivers were extracted. In the third phase, the uncertainty of each of the key drivers was determined by an interactive management approach, and finally, in the fourth phase, compatible scenarios were determined using a researcher-made questionnaire and its analysis with the Scenariowizard 4.3.1 software.

In this research, 14 factors influencing the government funding of the healthcare sector were identified. Moreover, 5 compatible scenarios for financing were obtained. In the "wealthy government" scenario, the financing conditions were favorable by the government, but in the scenarios of "calm inefficient", "inefficient without a plan", "inefficient unstable" and "bankrupt government", the government had many problems and the health sector should focus on other financing methods.

Due to the lack of favorability of most scenarios, it is necessary for healthcare managers to reduce dependence on the government budget and promote financing from other methods. Methods such as financing through the provision of services, charitable donations and insurances, and the stock market should be given serious consideration.

Lack of financial protection in health is known as a disease of health systems. Households suffer not only from the burden of disease but also from the burden caused by the destruction and economic poverty, in other words, facing back-breaking costs and poverty caused by financing their health. The aim of the current research is to investigate the impact of different dimensions of inequality on the financial financing of household health.

This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and applied study, which examines the impact of inequality on the financing of household health expenses. The research tool is the financing inequality questionnaire (2008) by Saito. All out-of-pocket costs related to inpatient care, outpatient care, diagnostic tests, and medical expenses due to illness have been estimated for one year. Experts have confirmed validity and reliability.

The dimensions of inequality among households in Tehran are higher than the average (1.329), which has a significant impact on the financing of household health expenses. The direct effect of justice on the financing of household health expenses is rejected. With the increase in the back-breaking cost, equal opportunity, economic status, insurance coverage, and financing of household health expenses increases. According to P<0.001 and P=0.005, the age of the head of the household is not related to justice and gender in the financing of household health expenses.

There is a direct relationship between back-breaking expenses, equal opportunity, economic status, insurance coverage, and financing of household health expenses.

The limitation of resources in the face of the unlimited needs of society is the origin of economic decisionmaking. The characteristics of health needs and the economic situation and service delivery system have led to the development of different models in prioritizing needs and providing resources for health needs. Knowing the patterns can help you choose the right method. In the UK, Canada, Sweden and Chile the structure is tax-based. The structure in Germany and Turkey is based on two pillars, tax and premium. In the United States, with the exception of government-funded people with disabilities, the rest of society uses private insurance. Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Brazil were forced to provide universal health coverage through tax revenues. Low-income countries are in the same group. In Thailand, Mexico and Kyrgyzstan, premiums from official employees, along with tax revenues, are the basis for the general population's access to health services. In developing countries, financing is mainly through out-of-pocket payments, but due to the injustice created, they are moving to rely on tax resources. In developed countries, the private sector is growing gradually, and even governments with national medical systems have allowed out-of-pocket payments to increase. Financing is related to the level of economic development. In countries with low per capita incomes, high informal employment rates, and unfair wealth redistribution, tax regimes work better. A variety of other methods, such as labeled taxes, special duties, and bond sales, can help provide better financial resources for health.

The health sector is one of the key sectors of any countries and the value added created in it is one of the criteria for economic growth and development of countries. Therefore, the ultimate goal of all health systems in the world is to achieve public health coverage as one of the most basic economic sectors of any society. Since achieving universal health coverage depends on appropriate financing, aim of this study is to investigate the effect between Iran's human development index and Health system financing model (government, health insurance, people and the private sector).

This study is a retrospective and analytical study. To describe the long-term relationships between the variables under study, seasonal data from the time series of 2001 to 2018 and the aggregation technique using the Engle-Granger and Johansen -Joselius methods have been used.

The results of model estimation based on the Engle-Granger method confirm that there is a long-term relationship between variables. Also, results of the Johansen -Joselius method show the existence of two cumulative vectors, which overall confirm the positive effect of changes in government share, health insurance share, private sector share of Gross domestic product (GDP) and the inverse relationship of changes in the share of people in GDP to changes in Iran's human development index.

Recent health sector policies, including the implementation of the country's health transformation program, public insurance coverage policies and health tariffs, have been resultful and effective. Therefore, for the further and permanent growth of Iran's human development index and increase the country's development in the region and internationally, special attention should be paid to the country's health insurance sector and its importance in the health system financing model by reviewing basic health insurance packages and improved the quantity and quality of basic and supplementary health insurance.

Optimal allocation of funds to the health sector has always been one of the most important decisions facing authorities in this field. This study aims to examine the budgetary funds allocated to the health sector in Iran during the Sixth Development Plan. It also aims to present an operational proposal to compensate some shortages of the financial resources.

This was a descriptive and applied study. The period of the Sixth Development Plan (2017-2021) has been evaluated. In the present study, the trend of budget resources in the health sector, including core health programs (physicians, famil and electronic health record), and changes in resources compared to total inflation and health sector inflation were examined. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using Excel software.

The result showed that the allocated funds to medical sectors were about 76% on average during the period under review. The process of allocating special funds in 2017 has reduced from about 63% to 35% in the 2021 budget bill. Health sector inflation was lower than total inflation, and the funds’ growth was able to compensate for the inflation of the health sector in 2017, 2018, and 2021.

The first feature of allocated funds is instability, and medical-oriented is another one. Moreover, pivotal programs such as family physicians and EHR do not receive sufficient funds and are considered the priority. It is suggested that a specialized health investment company be established to finance feasible technical-financial and environmental projects.

The growth of the elderly population is one of the most important and prominent issues in today’s societies. One of the consequences of an aging population is the effects it has on health spending, which in some countries accounts for a significant portion of government spending. The purpose of this study is to compare the elderly services management system in the selected countries of this study with Iran in terms of policy, planning, financing and organizational structure in providing elderly services.

The present study was a review-comparative study on qualitative studies in 1399. Library method was used to collect data. The study population is all articles related to the research topic. In order to conduct information research by reading texts from the library, the websites of related organizations in selected countries in line with research questions and systematic search based on keywords based on aging, aging services management, aging management strategies and financing from reputable databases and Specializations in English and Persian languages were collected between 1998 and 2019 and were evaluated and compared in a comparative table of areas. Systematic search based on related keywords Scopus, Science Direct, PupMed and Google scholar along with national databases including SID, IRANDOC, ISC. Out of 128 identified sources, the researcher reviewed and evaluated their content according to the research strategy, and finally, after removing 81 of them for reasons such as duplication, irrelevance, etc., 47 articles remained for final analysis.

Aging system policy in all selected countries (US, UK, Japan, Korea and Italy) has been centralized in a way that using regional, provincial or state-based planning using public tax financing systems, funds Insurance, the national medicine system, by defining the target population and specific service packages, plays an effective role in providing quality and accessible services to the elderly. The provision of services in these countries is integrated (health, medical and social welfare) and Providing care services for them is free.

It is suggested to use the experiences of successful countries in the field of aging management, by creating an integrated and centralized policy system in the dimensions of health and social welfare; Relying on sustainable financing from public taxes, labeled taxes and old-age insurance premiums and reforming planning structures in providing and receiving services, the level of effectiveness and efficiency of old-age management can be improved.