جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « high intensity interval training » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Inflammasome complex causes maturation and expansion of caspase-1activity and pro-inflammatory  cytokines including IL-1β. It is also critical for inducing pyroptotic cell death in response to pathogens and endogenous danger signals. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training with high-fat food on the regulation of the inflammasome complex in the adipose tissue of male Wistar rats.

In the present experimental study; 24 male Wistar rats (age: six weeks); were divided into four groups: control (C), exercise (HIIT), high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet+exercise (HFD+HIIT). Diet and exercise interventions started at the same time and continued for 10 weeks. Weight, BMI, serum lipid profile, and also the expression of NLRP3 and IL-1β in visceral adipose tissue were measured. To determine changes between groups, one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test were used, and an independent t-test was used to determine the intensity of the effect size using SPSS27 software (P<0.05).

Significant weight reduction (P=0.009), NLRP3 expression (P=0.001), IL-1β (P=0.001), and LDL and cholesterol levels (P=0.001) in the HFD+HIIT group compared to HFD were seen. Also, a significant increase in HDL and HDL/LDL was observed in the HFD+HIIT group compared to the HFD group (P=0.001).

The exercise training protocol is used in the current study as an effective therapeutic strategy for improving metabolic disorders and inflammatory conditions, which leads to the reduction of inflammation. However, more research is needed to determine other cellular mechanisms of inflammation.

Physical activity is examined in various aspects, such as the structure of the muscular system. This study investigated the impact of a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program combined with a high-fat diet on the expression of M1 and M2 macrophages in the gastrocnemius muscle of male Wistar rats.

24 healthy adult male Wistar rats with an average weight of 195±15 grams and age of 6 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, HIIT, high-fat diet, and HIIT with a high-fat diet. Interventions included 10 weeks of HIIT and a high-fat diet. Subsequently, samples were collected from the gastrocnemius muscle. The levels of M1 and M2 macrophages were measured using Real-Time-PCR. Data analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance at a significance level of P<0.05.

Significant differences were observed between groups in the expression of M1 (P=0.0004) and M2 (P=0.0023) macrophages. M1 macrophage expression was significantly higher in the high-fat diet group compared to the HIIT group (P=0.0001). M1 macrophage expression was significantly lower in the HIIT with a high-fat diet group compared to the high-fat diet group (P=0.0001), but M2 macrophage expression was significantly higher in the HIIT with a high-fat diet group compared to the high-fat diet group (P=0.0003).

These findings suggest that HIIT can reduce M1 macrophage expression and increase M2 macrophage expression, mitigating the negative effects of a high-fat diet.

Exercise programs can lead to different physiological adaptations, but the effects of low-volume, low-frequency HIIT protocols with varying interval structures have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to explore the impact of HIIT with high compression (HC) and low compression (LC), with or without berberine (BBR) supplementation, on hematological parameters in pre-diabetic men.

This semi-experimental study was conducted between October and December 2021 at Mazandaran University. Fifty-four overweight/obese men with a mean age of 48.6±6.6 years, a body mass index of 30.7±7.3 kg/m², and a body fat percentage of 34.4±4.3% were randomly and equally divided into one of six groups: HC, LC, HC+BBR, LC+BBR, BBR, and control. The HC group (2:1 work-to-rest ratio) and LC group (1:1 work-to-rest ratio) underwent training programs comprising 2-4 sets of 8 exercises at an intensity of 80-95% of their maximum heart rate twice a week for 8 weeks. Hematological responses to Bruce's incremental exercise test were measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's post hoc test, with a significance level set at P<0.05.

Baseline hematological indices showed no significant differences between pre-diabetic and non-diabetic groups (all, P>0.05). Following the 8-week intervention, there were significant decreases in white blood cells (WBCs) in the LC and LC+BBR groups, and in lymphocytes across all intervention groups except BBR (all, P<0.05). Additionally, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels showed significant reductions in the HC and HC+BBR groups (both, P<0.05). However, in response to Bruce's incremental exercise test, a significant decrease in WBCs was observed in the LC and LC+BBR groups, with reductions of 18% and 25%, respectively (both, P<0.05).

The LC protocol, even without berberine supplementation, seems to provide better immunological benefits and result in less hemolysis compared to the HC protocol, as evidenced by reductions in white blood cell counts.

In the last decade, vitamin D has attracted more attention as a non-enzymatic antioxidant compound. The aim of this study was to survey of changes in BDNF and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels after a period of high intensity interval resistance training (HIIRT) and vitamin D intake in inactive overweight women women.

The subjects were first selected by the available sampling method, then they were randomly divided into four groups: control, interval exercise, vitamin D, and combined. HIIRT was performed in three sets at intensity with 80% one maximum repetition and 2.5 minutes rest between sets. Vitamin D and combined groups consumed vitamin D (50000 units) once a week. BDNF and MDA levels were measured before and after the interventions.

The findings showed that the MDA levels in the interval exercise, vitamin D and combined groups decreased after 8 weeks and BDNF levels increased significantly. But the combined intervention had a stronger effect on the change of MDA and BDNF levels compared to the other two interventions (p<0.05). In addition, no significant difference was observed between the changes in the levels of interval exercise and vitamin D (P<0.05).

It seems that HIIRT and vitamin D consumption can exert their protective effects in overweight people with abnormal levels of vitamin D, by reducing MDA levels and up-regulation of BDNF protein. But these effects were further developed with combined intervention.

The prevalence of obesity and overweight in adults is increasing, so high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and carbohydrate-restricted diet (CRD) may be an effective intervention to improve body composition and maximal oxygen consumption. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the combined effect of high-intensity interval training and carbohydrate-restricted diet on body composition and aerobic fitness in normal weight, overweight, and obese adults.

A comprehensive search was conducted in the information databases of PubMed, Web of Science, SID, Magiran, and Google Scholar for articles published up to January 2023. A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the combined effect of HIIT and CRD on body composition in adults. Standardized mean difference (SMD) or weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval were calculated using random effect model.

The results of 13 studies with 173 subjects showed that HIIT and low-carbohydrate diet caused a significant decrease in body weight [-4.23, P=0.001], BMI [-1.14, P=0.001], body fat percentage [-3.18, P=0.001], fat mass [-2.94, P=0.001] becomes obese in normal weight, overweight, and obese adults. But these two interventions do not change the muscle mass [-0.1, P=0.8].

Using a low-carbohydrate diet along with HIIT can lead to weight loss and body composition improvement in normal weight, overweight and obese adults. Also, these two interventions simultaneously can exert optimal effects on aerobic performance.

Inactivity can reduce the serum level of some markers such as nesfatin-1 and irisin, which have positive effects on reducing inflammation and insulin resistance. Thyme is a plant whose extract has various properties, including anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) along with thyme supplementation on the serum levels of irisin and nesfatin-1 in sedentary young girls

In this quasi-experimental study, 48 young girls were randomly divided into four groups of HIIT, thyme, HIIT+thyme, and control group. Thyme supplement was taken in the form of 20 mg soft capsules, half an hour before each meal. Serum levels of nesfatin-1 and irisin were analyzed using specific ELISA kits. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and paired t statistical tests with a significance level of 0.05.

The serum level of irisin before the test (p=0.685) and after the test (p=0.556) was not significantly different among the studied groups. The post-test values of nesfatin-1 were significantly different among the groups (p<0.001).  Intra-group evaluation showed that the changes of nesfatin-1 in the control and thyme groups were not significant (p>0.05). However, a significant increase in nesfatin-1 was observed in HIIT (p<0.001) and HIIT + thyme groups (p=0.001) after the interventions.

The increase of nesfatin-1 was one of the favorable effects of HIIT exercises with or without thyme consumption. Irisin levels were not affected by exercise or thyme supplementation.

Mitophagy is a type of cell death that regulates the quality of mitochondria and can lead to disorders in diseases such as diabetes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the content of proteins related to the mitophagy pathway (LC3 and BNIP3L) in muscle tissue soleus of rats with type 2 diabetes.

In this experimental study, 18 three-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats with an average weight of 270±30 g were selected. Rats were infected with type 2 diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of a streptozotocin and nicotinamide solution. Rats were randomly divided into two groups: diabetic and diabetic. A healthy control group was also included. The training group performed HIIT for eight weeks at an intensity of 85-95% of the maximum speed. Data analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA test in GraphPad Prism version 9.5 software. A significance level of P≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The levels of LC3 and BNIP3L proteins significantly increase after eight weeks of HIIT compared to both the diabetic and healthy control groups (P= 0.0001).

It can be concluded that HIIT by increasing the factors related to mitophagy can cause the cleaning of dysfunctional mitochondria in the muscle of diabetic subjects; However, excessive mitophagy can also cause functional defects in regulating the quality of mitochondria.

The function and quality of mitochondria is very important for human life. Many pathways are involved in mitochondrial quality regulation such as mitophagy. Exercise as a physical stress can affect mitophagy; Therefore, the aim of this research was the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the amount of mitochondrial dynamic and mitophagy proteins (FUNDC1 and NIX) in soleus muscle of male Wistar rats.

In this experimental study, 12 Wistar rats with an average weight of 280±30 were randomly divided into two groups:1.Control group, 2.HIIT (6 rats per group). The rats in the HIIT group were trained for 8 weeks, with five sessions per week, and each session consisted of 10 high-intensity intervals for 3 minutes with 2-minute rest intervals. Skeletal muscle tissue was harvested from the animals 48 hours after the last training session. The contents of the variables were measured by western blotting. Data were analysed through independent t-test in SPSS version 27 and GraphPad Prism version 10.2 software. A significance level of p≤0.05 was considered.

The intracellular content of FUNDC1 protein showed a significant decrease in the HIIT group compared to the control group (P=0.0001); But this difference in NIX protein content was not significant (P=0.69).

The cellular regulation of these factors can mean the optimal regulation of mitophagy through exercise training such as HIIT. To clarify the effectiveness of training exercises, more studies are needed in this field.

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) affects the expression of genes altered by obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Perilipins (PLINs) are a family of five proteins that are expressed on the surface of fat droplets in various tissues, including visceral adipose tissue, and regulate lipid metabolism. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of an eight-week HIIT program on the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 genes in the visceral fat tissue of obese male rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

The present study involved 24 male Wistar rats. The animals were randomly and equally divided into three groups: control, fatty liver, and HIIT with fatty liver. A high-fat diet was used to induce obesity and fatty liver. The rats in the fatty liver group were placed on a high-fat diet for 10 weeks. After completing the 10-week high-fat diet to ensure intervention induction, Lee's index was used. The HIIT program lasted for eight weeks with five sessions per week using a specialized treadmill at zero inclination. Exercise intensity was determined by estimating maximum oxygen consumption. Forty-eight hours after the last exercise session and after a ten-hour fasting, rats were anesthetized with a suitable mixture of xylazine and ketamine. Adipose tissue samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen in special cryovials and sent to the laboratory for gene expression measurement. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were used to examine differences between groups at a significant level of P<0.05.

Data analysis showed significant differences in the expression of PLIN3 (F2,21=471.30, P=0.001) and PLIN5 (F2,21=185.60, P=0.001) genes in visceral fat adipose tissue among the study groups. In addition, results indicated increased expression of PLIN3 (P=0.001) and PLIN5 (P=0.001) genes in visceral fat adipose tissue in the fatty liver group compared to the control group. A significant decrease in the expression of these genes was observed in the HIIT group with fatty liver compared to the control and fatty liver groups (P=0.001).

The findings of the study demonstrated that the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 genes in visceral fat adipose tissue increased due to induced fatty liver and the HIIT program moderated this increase. The reduction in the expression of these genes compared to the healthy group indicates the beneficial effect of physical activity under healthy conditions. This study suggests that the HIIT program had more beneficial effects beyond reversing the damage from the disease. Reduction in the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 genes in visceral fat adipose tissue as mechanisms of HIIT efficacy suggests a way to counteract the adverse effects of obesity and fatty liver.

It has been found that a high-fat diet increases the oxidative stress of the heart, which may be effective in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of a high-fat diet and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in heart tissue of rats.

In this experimental study, 21 male Wistar rats within the age range of 12-14 weeks were randomly assigned to three groups, including normal diet (n=7), high-fat diet (n=7), and high-fat diet+HIIT (n=7). Animals in the high-fat diet groups received a high-fat diet for 23 weeks. At the same time, the high-fat diet+HIIT group received a high-fat diet followed by performing the HIIT protocol on the treadmill three times a week in the final eight weeks. At the end of the intervention, the levels of GPX enzyme and MDA in heart tissue were assessed using the enzyme colorimetric method. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by post hoc Tukey test at the significant level of P<0.05.

The results demonstrated no significant changes in GPX (P=0.14) and MDA (P=0.214) heart tissue levels in all three groups: normal diet, high-fat diet, and high-fat diet+HIIT.

It seems that performing eight weeks of HIIT has no effect on oxidative stress markers in rats with a high-fat diet.

Lifestyle interventions, including various types of exercise, are considered beneficial in managing type 2 diabetes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at comparing the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on cardiometabolic factors in type 2 diabetes.

A systematic search of English and Farsi papers published in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SID, and Magiran databases was conducted until August 2023. The search utilized keywords such as "high-intensity interval training (HIIT)", "moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICT)", "cardiometabolic factors", and "type 2 diabetes". A meta-analysis was performed to compare the impact of HIIT and MICT training on cardiometabolic factors in type 2 diabetes. Mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 test, and publication bias was evaluated through the visual analysis of funnel plots and Egger's test.

Analysis of 10 studies comprising 11 sports interventions involving 271 individuals with type 2 diabetes revealed that HIIT led to a significant reduction in fasting insulin [SMD=-0.93 (-1.25 to -0.6), P=0.001], HOMA-IR [WMD=-0.73 (-1.03 to -0.43), P=0.001], and systolic blood pressure [WMD=-3.15 mmHg (-6.29 to -0.01), P=0.04] compared to MICT in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, there were no significant differences in fasting glucose [WMD=-2.91 mg/dL (-7.97 to 2.14), P=0.2], diastolic blood pressure [WMD=0.3 mmHg (-0.77 to 1.56), P=0.5], and maximum oxygen consumption [SMD=0.49 (-0.004 to 0.99), P=0.05] between HIIT and MICT exercises in patients with type 2 diabetes.

HIIT appears to be a favorable training method with efficient outcomes for improving cardiometabolic factors in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to MICT.

Many studies agree on the beneficial effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The present study investigates the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training on the serum levels of adipulin and irisin in obese male rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into groups including healthy control, control fatty liver, and HIIT fatty liver. To induce obesity/fatty liver, rats were treated with a high-fat diet for 10 weeks. Lee index was used to ensure disease induction. Rats in the training group performed the HIIT program on a rodent treadmill (8 weeks and 5 sessions per week). 48 hours after the last training session, blood was taken, and serum analysis was done by ELISA method.

A decrease was seen in serum irisin and adipulin levels in the fatty liver control group compared to healthy control (P = 0.001). The results indicated a significant increase in irisin serum levels in the HIIT-fatty liver group compared to the fatty liver control (P = 0.001). Also, no significant difference was observed between the HIIT-fatty liver and the healthy control groups (P < 0.05).

Irisin and adipulin increase are proposed as mechanisms of HIIT effect as a way to counter the harmful effects of obesity and fatty liver.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise training with two different intensity levels on some structural parameters of the heart in mice with pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes.

For this purpose, 39 male C57bl/6j mice were divided into two groups: High-fat Diet (HFD) and Normal Diet (ND). After 20 weeks of a 60% fat diet for HFD mice and normal food for ND mice, 12 of the HFD mice were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) and then divided into three subgroups: control (C), High-intensity Interval Training (HIIT), and Moderate-intensity Continuous Training (MICT). The mice of the exercise training groups were trained for eight weeks. Then, tissue factors, including heart weight, vascular density, fibrosis, steatosis, and degenerative changes in the heart, were examined . One-way analysis of variance and percentage frequency were used to analyze and report the results.

A high-fat diet decreased vascular density (30%) and degenerative changes, and STZ injection decreased vascular density (33%), myocardial fibrosis, and steatosis. Both exercise training types were associated with improvement of symptoms, including heart weight, fibrosis, steatosis, and degenerative changes. However, MICT had a stronger effect than HIIT on most factors.

A high-fat diet, with or without STZ, was associated with cardiac pathological changes. It seems that MICT can produce stronger effects in reducing these symptoms than HIIT.