جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « histochemistry » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Introduction</strong>: The rabbit is an important laboratory species for various experimental studies in the gastrointestinal tract. A detailed knowledge of the histological and chemical structure of the rabbit small intestine is important for identifying pathogens and applying appropriate treatment methods. This study aims to investigate the mucin secreted by goblet cells and Brunner glands in different parts of the rabbit small intestine.
Methods</strong>: Five adult male New Zealand rabbits were used for this study. Different parts of the small intestine, including the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, were collected according to a systematic, uniform random procedure. Samples were processed, embedded in paraffin, and cut into 5-µm sections. Sections were stained for histochemical examination with periodic acid-schiff (PAS) and Alcian blue (AB) (pH 1.0 and 2.5) and PAS-AB (pH 2.5) and aldehyde-fuchsin (AF-AB) (pH 2.5) staining techniques.
Results</strong>: The results showed that the goblet cells of the small intestine responded positively to PAS staining, whereas no positive response was observed in the secretory units of Brunner’s glands. The secretory units of goblet cells and Brunner’s glands responded positively to AB at pH 1 and 2.5, representing sulfated and carboxylic acid mucin, respectively. PAS-AB Staining with (pH 2.5) showed that in the goblet cells of the small intestine, the content of neutral mucin was higher than acidic mucin, while the secretory units of Brunner’s glands contained only acidic mucin. In the AF-AB (pH 2.5) staining of the goblet cells, the content of sulfated mucin was higher than that of carboxylate mucin. In Brunner’s glands, the amount of carboxylate mucin was higher than that of sulfate mucin.
Conclusion</strong>: In this study, the histochemical mucin characteristics of rabbit small intestine are described in detail. The results of the present study reveal similarities and differences with other mammals.

 Lung cancer has the highest frequency among cancers worldwide. It is the leading cause of cancer-induced death in industrialized countries. Abnormal glycosylation of cell surface and extracellular matrix glycoconjugates are among the most critical issues in neoplasia.

 This present study aimed to detect N – acetyl glucosamine (GlcNac) and L- fucose (L-fuc) containing glycoconjugates in lung cancer.

 In this cross-sectional study, we selected paraffin blocks belonging to 25 patients with lung cancer from their pathology files at the Ali-Ebne Abitaleb Hospital, Zahedan, Iran. Six µm sections were obtained from the blocks and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (H-E) and lectin histochemistry (UEA and SBA lectins). Alcian Blue pH 2.5 was used as a counterstain; lectins were diluted up to 10µg/ml, and DAB was used as a chromogen. Histochemical grading was conducted blindly according to staining intensity to lectins (0-3). The data was collected and analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test, using SPSS.

 Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference between inflammatory mucosa of the bronchial tree and all types of lung cancer (i.e., adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, as well as small and large cell lung carcinoma) according to staining intensity to SBA and UEA lectins (P < 0.001). Our results showed that there were many different patterns of reaction to SBA and UEA lectins between all types of lung cancer cells and epithelial cells of the bronchial tree.

 Staining intensity and pattern of reaction to lectins were different between all types of lung cancer cells and epithelial mucosa.

Gamma radiation-attenuated vaccine has a very promising value in controlling schistosomiasis. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of vaccination with gamma radiation-attenuated schistosomules regarding histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in mice model of human Schistosoma mansoni infection.

The study is conducted upon 40 mice, divided into four groups of 10 each: uninfected control group A (normal control), Schistosoma mansoni infected group B (infected control), Group C subcutaneously injected with 200 Gy gamma radiation–attenuated schistosomules (vaccine control) and group D injected with the same dose of gamma radiation-attenuated schistosomules then challenged after 4 weeks by S. mansoni cercariae (vaccinated-challenged). Parts of liver tissues stained with Masson's trichrome (MT) stain for classifying the granulomas into cellular, fibrocellular or fibrous according to the amount of collagens; stained bluish green. Immunohistochemistry assay was then done on the other portion through expression of Smad2/3 protein and CD8+ in the extracellular matrix (ECM).

Compared to control infected group, mild histopathological changes with decrease of egg granulomas mainly cellular is detected in vaccinated-challenged group. This is accompanied with moderate immunohistochemical expression of Smad2/3 and CD8+ proteins in vaccine-control group and mild expression in vaccinated-challenged group.

The The results indicate that vaccination with 200 Gy gamma-irradiated schistosomules could reduce histopathological and immunohistochemical changes induced due to infection which represents an effective strategy in disease control.

  Hydatidiform mole is the most common form of gestational trophoblastic disease, which originates from the placenta and is categorized into complete and partial hydatidiform moles. About 10-30% of complete hydatidiform moles (CHMs) might develop into persistent trophoblastic disease. Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA) lectin has been suggested as a marker of alteration of glycosylation in human malignancies. The aim of this study was to determine efficacy of HPA lectin as a prognostic indicator for clinical behavior of CHMs. Lectin histochemistry with biotin-conjugated HPA lectin was performed on paraffin sections of CHM tissues from 24 patients with progression to persistent trophoblastic disease (case group) and 24 patients with spontaneous regression (control group). The sections were graded according to lectin staining intensity (0-3) and the percentage of cell reactions was evaluated based on the staining grades. HPA lectin showed a mild to moderate reactivity with syncytiotrophoblasts, which was most evident in apical portion, but did not react with cytotrophoblasts and stromal cells. The mean staining intensity values did not differ significantly between the two groups (P=0.447). Based on the results, HPA lectin is not a good prognostic indicator for clinical behavior of CHMs.

Hydatidiform moles carry a significant risk for developing persistent gestational trophoblastic disease. Lectins are useful tools to identify cellular glycosylation pattern and changes in glycosylation that occur during growth, development, differentiation and also, during disease states.. Considering the changes in glycosylation that occur during cell proliferation, differentiation and transformation, the aim of present study was to evaluate the sugar chain expression in hydatidiform mole by using HRP-conjugated lectins.. Lectin histochemistry with a panel of HRP-conjugated lectins comprising SBA, PNA, VVA, UEA-1, LTA, GS-І (B4) and WGA were performed in 20 molar (partial & complete moles) formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples.. The partial and complete moles generally showed similar reactivity with all used lectins. None of lectins, reacted with villous cytotrophoblasts, whereas 4 of 7 lectins comprising WGA, LTA, UEA-І and PNA (after pretreatment with neuraminidase) showed a moderate to strong reactivity with villous syncytiotrophoblasts in both partial and complete hydatidiform moles. The villous stroma reacted with all used lectins except VVA.. Our histochemical findings showed a relatively heavy glycosylation of syncytiotrophoblasts of both partial and complete molar tissues, which was prominent in apical portion. This may play a role in their capacity to increased trophoblastic proliferation..

Distinction of hydatidiform moles from non-molar specimens and subclassification of hydatidiform moles as complete and partial are important for clinical practice, but diagnosis based solely on histomorphology suffers from poor interobserver reproducibility. Nowadays, pathologists rely on molecular techniques, however these methods are technically difficult, relatively expensive, and time consuming, and cannot be applied in all laboratories. Therefore, a relatively easy, time- and cost-effective ancillary tool, would be helpful. This study aimed to assess the role of lectins in differential diagnosis of molar placentas.Lectin histochemistry with a panel of HRP-conjugated lectins comprising SBA, DBA, MPA, PNA, VVA, UEA-1, LTA, GS-І (B4), and WGA were performed in 20 non-molar (hydropic and non-hydropic spontaneous abortions) and 20 molar (partial and complete moles), formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples. On the basis of staining intensity, sections were graded and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric statistical test was used to compare differences between samples.There was a significant difference between the reactivities of LTA and UEA-І with syncytiotrophoblasts of molar and non-molar specimens (P<0.001). These lectins generally showed a moderate reactivity with syncytiotrophoblasts of molar group but did not react with this cell population in non-molar group. Furthermore, WGA showed relatively increased reaction with syncytiotrophoblasts of molar tissues compared with abortions, however, this did not reach to statistical significance (P=0.07). No major differences were seen in other lectins reactivities between the studied groups. The present study showed that UEA-1 and LTA lectins may be used as cytochemical probes in differentiating molar from non-molar placentas, but did not differentiate partial moles from complete moles.