جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « oman sea » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Microplastic pollution due to its small size can be used by a wide range of marine organisms and accumulate mainly in their digestive system, as they have been found in the tissues of aquatic animals, including fish. Due to the nutritional importance of fish for humans, it is very important to check their contamination. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the presence of microplastics in skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) in the Oman Sea.

17 pieces of skipjack tuna were used. After the biometry, dissection and isolation of the digestive system of the fish, the digestion and extraction of microplastics were done using KOH solution. Identification and counting were also done by a stereomicroscope equipped with a digital camera. FTIR spectrophotometric analyses were performed to investigate the polymers.

The total frequency and average frequency of microplastics are 331 particles and 19.4±7.3 particles per individual, respectively. String (64.35%) and pieces (28.7%) were the dominant forms in the samples. The highest color spectrum was assigned to red (28.7%) and the lowest to violet (1.51%). The largest number of identified microplastics had a size of 0.5-1 mm (53%). Analysis of particles by ATR-FTIR method showed that nylon polymer and polycarbonate were the dominant polymer particles.

Microplastics are present in all samples. The abundance of microplastics in water, sediments and contaminated bait makes them easily available and swallowed by fish, which is most likely the main reason for the presence of microplastics in fish.

Plastic pollutants have emerged as a significant threat to the delicate ecological balance of marine ecosystems. Among the marine species profoundly impacted by these pollutants are sea turtles. Mistaking plastic for food, sea turtles ingest it, leading to blockages in their respiratory and digestive systems, ultimately resulting in their death. Research findings consistently highlight entanglement in fishing nets and suffocation due to oxygen deprivation as key contributors to sea turtle mortality. Numerous studies have demonstrated that even small amounts of plastic waste can prove fatal to sea turtles. Plastic fragments can accumulate in their digestive tracts, causing obstructions that are often lethal. This study aims to assess the impact of marine pollutants, particularly plastics, on sea turtle survival by analyzing and synthesizing existing research on sea turtle mortality, focusing on the waters surrounding Iran. The study is divided into two parts: the first part comprises a review of descriptive studies investigating the effects of plastic pollution on sea turtles, specifically those inhabiting Iranian marine regions near Oman, utilizing both domestic and international sources. The second part involves field and laboratory studies to identify turtle species and determine the causes of sea turtle mortality in the study area. In November 2017, 35 sea turtle carcasses were discovered on the shores of the Darak region in southern Sistan and Baluchistan province. Subsequent field and laboratory analyses revealed that plastic ingestion was a significant factor contributing to their demise. Coastal areas along the Sea of Oman, particularly the Darek coastal region, witness high levels of plastic pollution due to increased tourist activities, coastal developments, and the improper disposal of fishing gear, notably fishing nets. Sea turtle populations along the northern shores of the Sea of Oman are consequently exposed to various forms of marine debris. Given the destructive role of plastic pollution on turtles in the region, urgent measures are required to implement management programs aimed at reducing marine waste, with a specific focus on plastic pollutants stemming from fishing activities. Educating fishermen and local residents on sea turtle conservation practices and reviewing fishing equipment usage are crucial steps towards safeguarding these vulnerable marine creatures.

The rapid and continuous development of shrimp farming has probably led to a series of harmful developments for the environment and human health. The destruction of mangrove forests, the blooming of harmful algae in coastal waters and shrimp breeding ponds, the introduction of non-native species, the depletion of aquatic resources and the reduction of water quality are among the most important environmental problems. The widespread and unlimited use of antibiotics to prevent bacterial infections in the shrimp farming industry, especially in developing countries, has played a role in this regard. On the other hand, the use of large amounts of antibiotics that should be mixed with shrimp food also lead to some problems for human health and increases the chance of remaining antibiotics in meat and shrimp products. Therefore, it seems that global efforts are needed to promote a more rational use of preventive antibiotics in aquaculture. Because the evidence shows that this unlimited use is harmful to fish, animals, human health and the environment. It is suggested to plan according to the principles of sustainable use of the environment for various economic activities, including the construction of shrimp farms, and monitoring efforts are usually needed to predict possible effects. Aquaculture effluent monitoring is part of the assessments needed to understand environmental impacts, which may include measurements of water quality, nutrient concentrations, organic matter outputs, chemicals, and residual bacteria that affect product quality.

Resistance to multiple drugs during antibiotic treatment is a new problem. According to research, seaweed extracts have antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial properties of organic extracts of Cystoseira trinodis (brown algae) and Halimeda tuna (green algae) of the Oman Sea on E. coli, L. monocytogenes and P. aeruginosa

The algae were dried and the extraction was performed by sonication with ethyl acetate solvent. Antibacterial effects were determined by disk agar diffusion methods, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by microdilution method and the minimum lethal concentration (MBC) was determined by purplate method.

The antibiotics gentamicin, ampicillin and neomycin showed a significant difference with most of the extracts and had more inhibitory power (P <0.05). Ethyl acetate extract of C. trinodis against P aeruginosa did not show a significant difference with neomycin antibiotic in the ratio of 1.5 w / v with the diameter of the growth inhibition zone of 11.91 mm (p <0.05). The diameter of the growth inhibition zone of this extract against E. coli was 10.33 mm. The diameter of the growth inhibition zone of H. tuna against E. coli and P. aeruginosa was 12.01 and 11.3 mm, respectively. MIC of 3.08 mg/ml for C. trinodis extract and MBC of 9.75 mg/ml for H. tuna extract was found against P. aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa showed the highest susceptibility to extracts among the three bacteria and L. monocytogenes showed no susceptibility to extracts.

Ethyl acetate extract of brown algae C. trinodis has an antibacterial effect against P. aeruginosa; equivalent to the antibiotic neomycin and ethyl acetate extract of H. tuna algae has a lethal effect against P. aeruginosa.

One of the major global concerns about the environment is the pollution of aquatic ecosystems by heavy metals. These elements contaminate aquatic environments and accumulate and concentrate through bioaccumulation in the tissues of living organisms at higher levels of the food chain consumed by humans. In this study, the concentrations of three heavy metals, lead, nickel and cadmium, in the muscle tissue of two species of fish Otolithes ruber and Sphyraena forsteri in the fishing ports of Konarak and Pozm were investigated.

36 fish samples were collected from Konarak and Pazm ports. After preparation of the samples by acid digestion, the concentrations of heavy elements lead, nickel and cadmium were measured by Contr-AA-700 atomic absorption spectrometer. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 20) and ANCOVA and Pearson correlation tests at a significance level of 0.05%.

According to the results of the study, there was no significant difference between the amounts of lead, nickel and cadmium in the muscle tissue of Otolithes ruber and Sphyraena forsteri (P> 0.05). The average concentrations of heavy metals lead, cadmium, and nickel in the muscle of fish caught from Konarak port were higher than the samples of Pozm Bay. Also, the concentrations of heavy metals lead, nickel and cadmium in Sphyraena forsteri fish were lower than those of Otolithes ruber samples.

The results of the present study showed that the levels of lead and cadmium in the muscle tissue of the studied fish were lower than the standards of the US Food and Drug Administration, the UK Department of Fisheries and Agriculture, the World Food and Agriculture Organization and the US Environmental Protection Agency. The concentration of nickel in the muscle of the studied fish was higher than the permissible limit of the World Health Organization.