جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « patellofemoral pain » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Disruption in biomechanics and kinematics of the lower extremity is one of the causes of knee patellofemoral pain syndrome. The purpose of this study was Comparison the effect of selected lower extremity movement pattern and traditional exercises on pain and quality of life in male athletic with patellofemoral pain syndrome.The Present research was semi-experimental and pre-test and post-test.The statistical population of this research is all men aged 18-28 years old with patellofemoral pain in Shiraz city who referred to Hadi sports medicine clinic. A number of 30 people from the aforementioned community were randomly and available purposefully selected and randomly placed in two movement pattern groups (15 people) and traditional (15 people). Subjects signed a personal consent form before participating in the exercise program. Each group had their own exercises for eight weeks, three sessions each week, and each session lasted 60 minutes. Before and after the training period, pain and quality of life were measured using visual pain measurement scale (VAS) and quality of life (SF-36), respectively. To were analyze the data, statistical test of variance was used for covariance data at a significant level (p<0.05).The results showed that the exercise program for correcting the movement pattern of the lower extremity significantly improved the level of pain (ES=0.7, P<0.05 and F(1,28)=15.32) and quality of life (P>0/005 and F(1,28)=27/02 , ES=0/6). Also, the results showed that the traditional exercise program significantly improved the pain level (ES=0/5, P<0.05, and F(1,28) =8/24) and quality of life (ES=0/4, P<0.05 , F(1,28)=27/02 ). The exercise program was effective in both groups, but the exercises in the movement pattern group were more effective on pain and quality of life than the traditional group.The biomechanics of the lower extremity are disturbed in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome, and the exercises performed on these people should cause changes in the biomechanics of the lower extremity and finally align the joints.

Fatigue of the quadriceps muscle causes pain and decreased knee proprioception. The aim of research was the effect of two PNF stretching programs and lower limb strengthening on pain and knee proprioceptive of the knee joint before and after local fatigue of the quadriceps muscle in male athlete with patellofemoral pain.

This research was semi-experimental and pre & post-test. The statistical population included men aged 20-30 with patella pain in Tehran. 24 people were placed in two groups of PNF stretching exercises (12 people) and strengthening (12 people) in a targeted and random selection. All subjects signed a personal consent form before participating in the study. Each group did their exercises for eight weeks and three 60-minute sessions each week. Before & after the exercises (before and after the test), knee pain and proprioceptive sensation were measured using visual pain measurement (VAS) and biodex isokinetic (model IV Pro made USA), respectively. Data were analysis significant (P<05/0) using the combined repeated measure.

the comparison of the first and third tests (before fatigue) (ES=0.5, p<0.05 and        F (1,22) =4.417) . The comparison of the second & fourth tests after fatigue(ES=0.8, p<0.05 and F (1,22) =148.4), there was a significant difference (ES=0.4, p<0.002 and F (1,22) =52.14). Pain reduction after training was 29% in the stretching group 18% in the strengthening group. The net effect of training on depth sensation improvement was significant (ES=0.6, p<0.005 and F (1,22) =2.404). Regarding the comparison of the first & third test (before fatigue) (ES=0.6, p<0.001 and F (1,22) =108.2). The comparison of the second & fourth test (after fatigue), there was a significant difference (ES=0.5, p<0.002 and F (1,22) =51.1). The improvement in proprioception after training was 15% in the stretching and 11% in the strengthening group. The exercises in the PNF stretching group were more effective on both variables in the post-test and after the training period.

Both exercise programs have been concluded for pain factor and proprioception, but the effect of PNF training to reduce pain and improve proprioception of patients was the amount of consumption.

Patellofemoral pain syndrome often results from misalignment of the patellofemoral joint that can affect lower limb function. Therefore, the present study investigated the relationship between patellar position and lower limb function and balance in athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome. 

In this exploratory analytical study, 39 male and female athletes with this syndrome with an average age of 25.6±4.7 years were selected by available sampling. Lower limb function and dynamic balance were measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) scale and Y balance test, respectively, and patellar position was assessed by digital radiology. The Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the data at a significance level of 0.05. 

The results showed that the position of the patella was significantly associated with lower limb function and dynamic balance (P<0.01). Accordingly, lower limb function on the WOMAC scale had a significant positive relationship with patellar tilt angle and patellar congruence angle (P=0.001). Also, dynamic balance showed a significant negative relationship with patellar tilt angle (P=0.007) and patellar congruence angle (P=0.002). 

According to the results of the present study, the higher the tilt angle and patellar homogeneity, the weaker, the lower limb function and dynamic balance. Therefore, it is suggested that the position of the patella should always be considered and corrected to improve performance and balance and promote the record of sports activities of athletes with this disorder and facilitate their return to sports.

Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a term used to describe pain that originates in the patellofemoral joint or the soft tissues surrouning it. This study compared the effects of relaxation tones and mindfulness-based breathing on the magnitude of the ground reaction force experienced by patellar femoris patients while walking to those of transcranial stimulation of the primary motor cortex.

Thirty men with patellofemoral pain participated in this semi-experimental study. With the aid of a force plate device, ground reaction force variables were assessed before and after transcranial stimulation, relaxation, and mindfulness-based breathing. The data were statistically analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance with a significance level of 0.05.

The results showed that the effect of the time factor was statistically significant on the peak internal-external force during heel contact (P=0.049), when the foot leaves the ground (P=0.001), the peak anterior-posterior force during heel separation from the ground (P=0.044), and the peak vertical ground reaction force during heel separation from the ground (P=0.011). The effect of the time factor was statistically significant on peak internal-external forces during heel contact (P=0.004), peak anterior-posterior forces when the foot leaves the ground (P=0.017), peak vertical forces during heel contact with the ground (P=0.009), and peak vertical forces during foot separation from the ground (P=0.047).

Based on the findings, it can be inferred that transcranial stimulation of the primary motor cortex, as well as body relaxation and mindfulness-based breathing awareness may be effective in reducing patellofemoral pain.

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of hip abductor and external rotator muscles strengthening exercises on pain, muscle strength, and lower extremity kinematics in people with patellofemoral pain (PFP).

A total of 35 patients with PFP were randomly assigned into exercise and control groups. The exercise group received abductor and external rotator strengthening exercises with thera-band 3 times per week for 12 weeks. The control groups did not receive any training intervention. Then, the two groups were compared to study the effect of independent variable on the experimental group. Pain (VAS), hip muscle strength (handheld dynamometer), and lower extremity kinematics (video analysis) were assessed at baseline and post-intervention. Participants included patients with bilateral or unilateral patellofemoral pain; if pain was bilateral, exercises were performed bilaterally on both lower extremities but measurements were performed only on the lower extremity which was more painful; whenever the pain in both knees was equal, data were collected only from the superior lower extremity. Repeated measures ANOVA was applied using SPSS to assess the effects of the exercises on measured variables.

Pain decreased significantly in exercise group from baseline to post-intervention (P=0.000). Hip abductor muscles strength (women, P=0.000 and men, P=0.003) and external rotator muscles strength  (women, P=0.024 and men, P=0.000) increased significantly in exercise group after 12 weeks of strengthening program. There was a significant improvement in dynamic knee valgus during single-legged squat (women, P=0.018 and men, P=0.017) and contralateral pelvic drop during stair descending just in women (P=0.04) in exercise group. There were no significant differences between men and women in the effect of exercises on the variables studied (P>0.05).

According to the results, hip strengthening can decrease pain, increase muscle strength, and change kinematics in the frontal plane movement patterns of the lower extremity, which can possibly be the mechanism of effect of this intervention on PFP symptoms. According to findings of the present study, it might be concluded that gender-specific rehabilitation program is not needed in patients with PFP.

Previous studies suggest that hip muscle weakness may contribute to patellofemoral pain (PFP). Accordingly, addition of hip strengthening exercises to conventional knee exercises was recommended for treatment of PFP. However, evidence to support superior efficacy of additional hip exercises in treatment of PFP is limited. This study compared the clinical efficacy of knee exercises versus combined knee and hip exercises in females with PFP.
In this randomized clinical trial 60 females with PFP were randomly assigned into two groups: “the knee exercises” and “the knee and hip exercises”. Participants performed progressive therapeutic exercises 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Pain, muscle strength (the knee extensors, the hip abductors and the hip external rotators) and physical function were evaluated before and after treatment interventions using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), a dynamometer, and step-down test, respectively.
Both groups showed significant improvements in pain, function, and the knee extensor, hip abductor and hip external rotator muscles strength after the interventions (P0.05).
Four weeks of either knee exercises or combined knee and hip exercises significantly improve function and reduce pain in women with PFP. Addition of hip strengthening exercises to conventional knee exercises was not associated with superior treatment outcomes.

Disruption of pronation magnitude and timing lead to knee Osteoarthritis, that it can be treated by lateral wedge insole under foot. There were inconsistent results that maybe arising from different inclination or used techniques. The aim of current study was to assess the effect of lateral wedge insole with different inclination using Principal Component Analysis (PCA).
75 subjects were participated in this study. Lower limb kinematics was recorded at five conditions including, running with regular shoe, and regular shoe with 3°, 6°, 9° and 11° lateral wedge insole at rearfoot. Then, principal components (PCs) of pronation were calculated by PCA. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to evaluate the effect of lateral wedge insole on foot eversion and pronation index (PC1).
The 9° and 11° lateral wedge conditions lead to significant increase in eversion angle. However, in addition to the 9° and 11° lateral wedge conditions, 6° lateral wedge showed significant differences with regular shoe. In addition to reported clinical results, the PCA method revealed that 6° lateral wedge insole has significant effects on foot mechanics.
The eversion angle could not exclusively present the foot pronation, and all of three movement planes should be considered for accurate results. The PCA method provides more accurate criteria for investigating pronation.

Patellofemoral pain syndrome is the most prevalent problem involving25 percent of all knee disorders. Such problems might be lead to functional disabilities. The goal of this study was to evaluate the relationship between functional tests and Isokinetic parameters of knee muscles and subjective assessment of knee function in patellofemoral pain syndrome and to compare between patient and control group. In this analytical and case – control research fifteen normal subjects and 15 patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome were selected with purposive sampling method in performing two main levels of this study:1- Functional tests (bilateral squat and step down test) which performed randomly with considering of repetitions per 30 seconds, within 3 minutes rest between them applied and followed by subjective assessment of knee function with Kujala questionnaire.2- Isokinetic tests performed with Biodex dynamometer device, during 10 to 90 degree of knee flexion with two distinct speeds, 60 and 120 degree per second. No relationship was found between functional tests and Isokinetic parameters in patient group, but we observed a low significant relationship between functional tests and subjective assessment in this group (r=0/47 for Squat test and 0/37 for Step down test). Moderate significant relationship was found between subjective assessment of knee function and functional Hamstring: Quadriceps ratio for knee flexion at 60 degree per second (r = - 0/58). All of the Isokinetic parameters of quadriceps muscle in patient group were lower than control group. As there were low correlation between Isokinetic strength measurement and functional tests and subjective assessment of knee function, it is not recommended using these methods of assessment interchangeable in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.