جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « pparγ » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

 Nrf2 transcription factor is the major regulator of antioxidant proteins and is expressed with PPARγ in all tissues of the body. Furthermore, garlic includes hypoglycemic effects by preventing the inactivation of insulin. The aim of this study was to explain effects of resistance training with garlic supplementation on Nrf2 and PPARγ gene expression in streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats.

In the present study, study method was experimental. To carry out the present laboratory study, 40 5-w-old male Wistar rats weighing 162.12 g ±15.24 were selected and randomly divided into five control groups of healthy, diabetes, diabetes-exercise, diabetes-garlic and diabetes-exercise-garlic groups. Rats became diabetics by injecting nicotinamide and intraperitoneally injecting STZ after 15 min. Rats in the supplement groups received 500 mg of garlic extract per kilogram of the body weight daily by oral gavage. Resistance training was carried out on a ladder with a slope of 80° and with weights equal to 30–100% of the body weight. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were used for inferential analysis of data.

In general, Nrf2 expression significantly increased in diabetes-exercise (p = 0.022), diabetes-garlic (p = 0.029) and diabetes-exercise-garlic (p = 0.001) groups, compared to diabetic group; and diabetes-exercise-garlic compared to diabetes-exercise (p = 0.048) and diabetes-garlic group (p = 0.038). Expression of PPARγ increased significantly in diabetes-exercise (p = 0.021), diabetes-garlic (p = 0.046) and diabetes-exercise-garlic (p = 0.006) groups, compared to diabetic group.

Possibly, consumption of garlic extract, resistance training and a combination of resistance training with garlic extract supplement improve the antioxidant status and decrease the oxidative stress of the liver through the upregulation of Nrf2 and PPARγ.

Oxidative stress contributes to insulin resistance, beta-cell dysfunction, and hyperglycemia-induced cellular damage, leading to diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study is to explain the effect of aerobic exercise and berberine chloride on the expression of UCP-1 and PPARγ genes in the visceral fat tissue of diabetic rats.

In this laboratory study, 32 adult male Wistar rats weighing about 240-280 were randomly divided into four groups (n=8): diabetes (DM), diabetes-berberine (DMB), diabetes-aerobic exercise (DMT), diabetes-aerobic exercise-berberine (DMTB). The rats became diabetic by injecting 60 mg/kg STZ. The rats whose blood sugar was higher than 300 mg/dl were included in the present study as diabetic animals. The exercise groups then performed an incremental aerobic exercise program (10-18 m/min, 10-40 min/day, five days/week) on a treadmill for six weeks. The supplement group also received berberine chloride (30 mg/kg/day) orally by gavage once a day.

Data analysis showed that there is a significant difference in the expression of UCP-1 (p=0.000) and PPARγ (p=0.002) genes between the groups. Furthermore, the results showed that the expression of UCP-1 gene in the diabetes-exercise group (2.96±1.85 and p=0.015), diabetes-berberine chloride (2.88±1.16 and p=0.02) and diabetes-exercise-berberine chloride (4.7±0.97 and p=0.000) showed a significant increase compared to the diabetes group. Also, PPARγ gene expression in the diabetes-exercise-berberine chloride group (1.6±0.36 and p=0.002) showed a significant increase compared to the diabetes group.

According to the results of this study, aerobic exercise and berberine chloride is one of the possible ways to prevent inflammation and damage caused by diabetes.

Lifestyle modification through dietary interventions and exercise training is the main approach to treating nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with Portulaca oleracea supplementation on liver X receptor α (LXRα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in the liver tissue of rats with NAFLD.

In this experimental study, 30 male rats with a weight range of 160-185 g were divided into 2 main groups: NAFLD (n=25) and healthy control (n=5). Nonalcoholic fatty liver was induced in rats with 12 weeks of a high-fat diet. Five rats were sacrificed to confirm the establishment of NAFLD, and the remaining rats were divided into 4 subgroups: fatty liver control (n=5), P. oleracea supplement (n=5), HIIT (n=5), and HIIT+P. oleracea supplement (n=5). Rats in supplementation groups were given 400 mg/kg/day of dissolved P. oleracea powder. HITT consisted of 5 sessions a week of running with an intensity of 90% of maximum speed for 8 weeks. At the end of the study, LXRα and PPARγ ​​levels in liver were measured.

LXRα values were significantly lower in the HIIT+P. oleracea (P=0.002, effect size=0.63), HIIT (P=0.017, effect size=0.43), and P. oleracea groups (P=0.009, effect size=0.44) than in the fatty liver control group. LXRα values were significantly lower in the HIIT+P. oleracea group than in the HIIT (P=0.030) and P. oleracea groups (P=0.030). PPARγ values were significantly lower in the HIIT+P. oleracea (P=0.002, effect size=0.83), HIIT (P=0.030, effect size=0.60), and P. oleracea groups (P=0.004, effect size=0.71) than in the fatty liver control group. PPARγ values were significantly lower in the HIIT+P. oleracea group than in the HIIT group (P=0.030).

HIIT with P. oleracea supplementation may be effective in the treatment of NAFLD disease by reducing LXRα and PPARγ and improving the regulation of fat production pathways in the liver.

The increased incidence of metabolic diseases (e.g., diabetes and obesity) has seriously affected human health and life safety worldwide. It is of great significance to find effective drugs from natural compounds and exercise to treat metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of berberine chloride with aerobic training on Liver Gene Expression Nrf2, HO-1 and PPARγ in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

In this experimental study,  32 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=8): Diabetes (DM), Diabetes-Berberine (BDM), Diabetes-Aerobic Training (TDM), Diabetes-Aerobic Training -Berberine (TBDM). Diabetes was induced by injection of STZ in male rats. Berberine chloride (30 mg/kg/day) were administered orally, by gavage, once a day. Training groups have performed a progressive aerobic running program (at 10-18 m/min, 10-40 min/day, and 5 days/week) on a motor-driven treadmill for six weeks.

There was a significant increase in Nrf2 and HO-1 expression in BDM in BDM (p=0.027 and p=0.038, respectively), TDM (p=0.022 and p=0.028, respectively) and TBDM (p=0.000 and p=0.000, respectively). This increase was also observed in TBDM groups compared to BDM (p=0.034 and p=0.034, respectively) and TDM (p=0.043 and p=0.046, respectively). PPARγ was significantly increased in TDM (p=0.046) and TBDM (p=0.001) groups.

Berberine chloride combination with exercise may possibly inhibit STZ-induced liver damage through up-regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and PPARγ.

Obesity causes steatosis in the liver. PPARγ transcription factor of glucose and fat metabolism genes and AMPK cell energy sensor are considered as therapeutic targets in non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) patients. Despite the importance of exercise and medication in the treatment of chronic diseases, there is little agreement on the role of intense exercise (HIIT) in the treatment of NAFLD. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise intensity and adenosine on liver fat metabolism following a high-fat diet.

30 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups of 5 controls, high fat diet, high fat diet + placebo injection, high fat diet + adenosine injection, high fat diet - exercise + adenosine injection, high fat diet - exercise + placebo injection. Subjects first received 13 weeks of high-fat diet and then exercised 5 sessions per week for 12 weeks.

PPARγ gene expression increased in high-fat food groups (P = 0.017), (P = 0.007). There was no difference in AMPK expression between food groups (P = 0.097). Exercise had a significant effect on increasing expression of AMPK, A2B (P = 0.0001), (P = 0.031) and a significant decrease on PPARγ (P = 0.0001). In adenosine group, AMPK and A2b significantly increased (P = 0.001), (P = 0.012) and PPARγ decreased (P = 0.0001). Simultaneous exercise and adenosine had a more significant increase in AMPK expression (P = 0.039) and a more significant decrease in PPARγ (P = 0.005) than the effect of each alone.

It is possible to use high-intensity exercise with a certain amount of adenosine at the same time to prevent the accumulation of fat in the liver.

Today, important proteins and pathways have been identified that lead to the regulation of the white adipose tissue and converting it to brown adipose tissue, the proteins PPARγ and PRDM16 are key proteins in this setting. Diabetes is one of the major causes of obesity and complications that can interfere in the function of these two proteins. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 4 weeks High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on the content of PPARγ and PRDM16 proteins in subcutaneous adipose tissue of diabetic obese male rats.

In this experimental study, 16 Sprague-Dawley male rats (mean weight of 300±20 gr) were selected and after induction of diabetes by injection of STZ and nicotinamide was randomly assigned into two groups: diabetic training and diabetic control. The experimental group performed HIIT training for 4 weeks, accordance with the training program for 4 weeks, while the control group did not have any training program. Independent T-test was used to analyze the data.

Significant change was not observed in the content of PPARγ (P=0.16) and PRDM16 (P=0.83) proteins in HIIT training group compared to the control group.

According to the results of this study, HIIT training has not led to significant change the content of PPARγ and PRDM16 proteins. It seems to the intensity of HIIT training be a major contributor to the result that should be taken into consideration.

Several dietary factors are involved in cardiovascular coronary heart diseases, including trans fatty acids, which are generally formed during hydrogenation of vegetable oils, a process that causes conversion of liquid oils into semisolid fats. Nowadays, it is well-known that trans fatty acids form a major risk factor in the occurrence and progression of atherosclerosis. On the other hand, it has been identified that some nuclear receptors, such as PPARs, are involved and play important roles in lipid homeostasis and pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we studied the effect of elaidic acid on gene expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ).

Murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells were treated by 0.5, 1, and 2 mM concentrations of elaidic acid for 6 h. The control group was treated by 50% ethanol (as solvent), equivalent to the amount of ethanol used in 2 mM concentration of elaidic acid. Later, the total RNA was extracted and its cDNA was synthesized. Finally, the quantity of PPARγ gene expression was measured by real-time PCR.

Overall, 0.5, 1, and 2 mM concentrations of elaidic acid decreased PPARγ gene expression in RAW264.7 macrophage cell line by -1.36, -1.68, and -3.24 folds compared with the control group, respectively.

By decreasing the expression of nuclear receptor PPARγ, elaidic acid causes, intensifies or accelerates the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis. This finding shows the importance of reducing the consumption of elaidic acid containing foods.