جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ایمونوهیستوشیمی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The evidence indicates that exercise training can affect the heart's structure at the cellular-molecular levels. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise training on miR-222 and the expression of cTnT, Cx43 genes, and cardiomyocyte proliferation in pre-pubertal, young adult, and old male rats.

The number of 30 male Wistar rats in three age groups; 2 weeks as the pre-pubertal group, 8 weeks as the young group, and 96 weeks as the old group were randomly divided into two training groups (n=5), and control (n=5). Resistance training programs (resistance ladder, 3 days per week) and aerobic (treadmill running, 3 days per week) were performed for 6 weeks. The expression of miR-222 and Cx43, cTnT, and Ki67 genes were investigated by the Real Time-PCR method. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were used (P≥0.05).

The amount of BrdU protein by immunohistochemical method and Ki67 gene expression was significantly higher in the training groups than in the control groups in all three age groups: pre-pubertal, young adult, and old male rats (P≥0.05). miR-222 was significantly higher in the group of trained pre-pubertal than in the control group (P=0.023). The increase in cTnT gene expression in the pre-pubertal groups (P=0.018) and old rats (P=0.015) and the increase in Cx43 gene expression in the old rats group (P=0.009) was observed.

Aerobic-resistance training can be an effective stimulus to increase cardiomyocyte proliferation in all three age groups pre-pubertal, young, and old.

The cerebellum is a part of the nervous system that is associated with motor coordination and balance control. Methadone is a centrally-acting synthetic opioid analgesic widely used in methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) programs throughout the world. Unfortunately, the abuse of methadone is currently spreading, and on the other hand, many deaths due to the use of this drug have also been reported. There is still no detailed information about the toxicity of this drug on the nervous system. Therefore, considering its neurotoxic effects, especially on the cerebellum, the aim of this study is to investigate histological changes in the cerebellar cortex associated with methadone administration.

This research is an experimental study. Twenty - four adult male albino rats were randomized into two groups of control and methadone treatment. Methadone was subcutaneously administered (2.5-10 mg/kg) once a day for two consecutive weeks. Stereology was used to evaluate the volume and number of cells in the cerebellar cortex, and immunohistochemistry was used against calbindin to evaluate the number of Purkinje neurons. Data analysis was done with Prism software and independent t-test.

The results of our study showed that administration of methadone decreased the volume of the molecular layer compared to the control group (P < 0.01) (P < 0.017, t = 5.37, Mean ± SEM = 1.429 ± 0.26) (the mean of the control group was 6.05 and the methadone group was 4.62). On the other hand, the number of Purkinje neurons in the methadone group showed a significant decrease compared to the control one (P < 0.05) (P < 0.016, t = 3.291, Mean ± SEM = 2264 ± 687.9) (the mean of the control group was 17826 and the mean of the methadone group was 15562). Our findings also showed that the volume of the granular layer (P < 0.04, t = 2.479, Mean ± SEM = 0.33 ± 0.825) (the mean of the control group was 4.375 and the mean of the methadone group was 3.55) and the volume of the white matter of the cerebellum in the methadone group showed a significant decrease compared to the control group (P < 0.02, t = 3.03, Mean ± SEM = 1.229 ± 0.404) (the mean of the control group was 3.28 and the mean of the methadone group was 2.06). In addition, the number of calbindin- positive neurons showed a significant decrease in the methadone group compared to the control group (P < 0.02, t = 2.68, Mean ± SEM = 2.68 ± 7.2) (the mean of the control group was 20.8 and the methadone group was 13.6).

These findings showed that methadone administration caused damage to the gray and white matter of the cerebellum. The death of Purkinje cells due to methadone can cause disturbances in cerebellar functions. It seems that the administration of methadone should be accompanied by more precautions.

 Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), which is a developmental cyst has aggressive clinical behavior and its recurrence possibility is higher than other odontogenic cysts. The aim of this study was estimate biologic behavior of OKC with p53 immunohistochemistry comparison, as a tumor suppressor between OKC and ameloblastoma.

 In this experimental study, paraffin blocks of 14 OKC and 15 ameloblastoma, were collected from oral pathology department Qazvin University. After confirmation of H&E slides, they were stained immunohistochemically. Then the IHC slides were observed in terms of intensity and staining pattern. Finally, data were analyzed with Wilcoxon and Man-Whitney test (p value < 0.05).

 In 86.7 % of ameloblastoma with positive expression p53 marker, 77% were weak expression and 33% were moderate expression. Among positive staining samples 84.6% were focally and 15.4% were scattered. In the case of OKC 11.4% indicated p53 marker that 80% showed weak expression and 20% showed moderate expression. 50% were focally and 50% were scattered. These findings support was not significially different between intensity and pattern of p53 marker between ameloblastoma and OKC (p value > 0.05).

 Expression of p53 was similar in ameloblastoma and OKC. Probably, high expression of p53 in odontogenic epithelial cells was one of the reasons for the OKC aggressive behavior. This findings vindicate biologic behavior of OKC.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the histopathology and immunohistochemistry of the effect of 5% Plantago labceolata. extract on open wound healing in rat skin.

After extracting the plant extract using the mixed method, 40 healthy male rats with an average weight of 200-250 grams were selected and randomly divided into two main groups of 20. Group 1 is the treatment group and group 2 the control group each of the main groups being divided into 4 subgroups (days 3, 7, 14,21) were divided. For the histopathological and immunohistochemical investigation of the healing process, the wounds of the mice of the subgroups in both the main groups were removed in full thickness and with a diameter of 15 mm and examined for histological studies. After sectioning, with the qualitative staining method of hematoxylin eosin and Masson's trichrome,using antibodies against transforming growth factor beta and vascular endothelial growth factor of the study groups, and the obtained information was converted into quantitative information. and was subjected to statistical analysis.

Finding this study has shown that about 95% of women had felt at least one problem in their hands. During COVID-19 pandemic, hand washing with disinfectants were repeated more and more, furthers skin of the hands will be two times more damaged as compared to normal conditions, so the need to increase hand health training as part of general health, especially in older adults' women in advance.

The results show that it is possible to use the polar extract of Plantago Lanceolata L. plant 5% for wound healing.

Activatory or inhibitory immune checkpoints regulate the activity of the immune system. Programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1 is an inhibitory immune checkpoint that their overexpression reflects the exhaustion of the immune system. However, it is still unclear how it affects the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of PD-1 in patients with CRC according to tumor location.

In a cross-sectional study during 2020-2021, a number of 136 patients with history of CRC who underwent surgery at Al-Zahra Hospital in Isfahan between 2013 and 2017 were selected and evaluated retrospectively. Immuno-histochemical staining of tissue samples was performed for PD-1 marker and the expression of this marker was determined in the center and invasive margins of the tumor. Data on survival and date of death of patients were completed through the patient file and confirmed through the civil registry.

High expression of PD-1 in invasive margin was significantly related to lower T stage (T1/2) in left tumors, low M stage (M0) in right tumors, absence of metastasis in right and left tumors, larger tumor size (≥ 5 cm) in right-sided tumors. The expression of this marker in any tumor areas was not significantly related to the survival of the patients.

The findings of this study showed that high expression of PD-1 is related to the lower stages of the CRC, but it is not a good indicator for the prognosis of patients with colon cancer.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the maxilla is a rare malignancy arising from minor salivary glands. The clinical and radiological appearance may be similar to any odontogenic/nonodontogenic pathology. This study aims to report a rare case of primary central ACC of the anterior maxilla.

Case Report: 

A 31-year-old man was referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery complaining of swelling and pain in the right anterior maxilla for 3 months. The patient has noticed swelling and pain in this side since about five months before and instead of diagnosing this tumoral lesion, false diagnosis and unsuccessful root canal therapy were considered. A biopsy was performed in the central region and microscopically, the lesion showed tumor cells arranged in sheets in fibrous stroma islands of epithelial cells showing a classical “Swiss cheese” pattern. Based on clinical, radiographic, and CBCT evaluation and positive immunohistochemistry of CD63, and C-Kit confirmed ACC diagnosis. After the diagnosis, the lesion was completely removed by enucleation and curettage performed by the surgeon. Postoperative radiotherapy was performed. Follow-up within 3 years since the initial diagnosis showed no sign of recurrence.

Based on the results of this study, early diagnosis and treatment of ACC can lead to successful treatment and patient survival.

Nowadays, it has been proven that the immune system plays a major role in the occurrence or treatment of some cancers. The PDL-1 proteins are among the components of the immune system, which are expressed in different body cells, including B cells and T cells. In this regard, the present study was conducted to determine the frequency of PDL-1 protein expression and its relationship with tumor histopathology in patients with gastric cancer.

In this case series study, 100 patients referred to the Oncology Clinic, located in Imam Khomeini Clinic, Hamadan, Iran, between 2016-2021, with the diagnosis of gastric cancer (confirmed by endoscopic biopsy pathology) were selected. Moreover, their PDL-1 protein expression (with IHC) and its relationship with age, gender, metastasis, stage, and grade of the tumor were evaluated.

The average age of patients was 65.53 ± 10.83 years, and 72% were male. The result of PDL-1 protein expression showed that 2 patients were negative, 25 patients were weakly positive and 73 patients were strongly positive. In addition, 69 Out of 100 patients had metastases, 69 cases had high grade and 68 were in stage 4 of the disease. A significant relationship was observed between PDL-1 expression with metastasis, higher grade, and higher stage of the tumor (P<0.05).

Most patients with gastric cancer had a strongly positive expression of PDL-1 protein. Expression of PDL-1 was significantly associated with the severity of gastric cancer (e.g., grade, higher stage, and metastasis); therefore, the PDL-1 biomarker could be used as a determinant of gastric cancer severity and prognosis

Given the importance of differential diagnosis of different papillary urothelial cancers, expression, intensity and distribution of p53 were evaluated in different bladder cancers using immunohistochemistry.

In a retrospective study, archived samples of patients with different papillary urothelial cancers in Shohaday-e-Khalij Fars Hospital were selected. The samples were grouped according to the reported diagnosis into papilloma, low-malignant potential papillary tumors, low-grade papillary carcinoma, and high-grade papillary carcinoma. The samples were then immunohistochemically stained for p53. 

The majority of patients with papillary urothelial carcinoma were positive for p53. However, they were different in terms of intensity (p<0.001) and distribution (p<0.01). Low-malignant potential and low-grade malignant samples demonstrated low levels of p53 expression, whereas high-grade malignant samples exhibited high levels of its expression. Comparison of p53 distribution revealed focal expression in low-malignant potential group and diffused expression in malignant groups.

The results of this study suggest p53 expression, intensity and distribution as a useful marker for differential diagnosis and therapeutic management of different urothelial cancers.

Finding non-invasive methods in predicting pathological stage is important for more accurate prognosis and treatment-related decision-making. In this study, using immunohistochemical CD34 staining, the association between the rate of angiogenesis and tumor pathological stage was examined in colon adenocarcinoma.

In this comparative cross-sectional study, 60 cases with colon adenocarcinoma admitted to Afzalipour hospital in Kerman, Iran, between 2014 and 2016, were enrolled. Appropriates Paraffin blocks of tumoral tissue were selected, and the mean number of vessels was determined through CD34 staining. The groups were then compared in terms of the pathological stage of individual cases.

The mean number of vessels was 25.2 ± 8.9, and the minimum and maximum were 11 and 44, respectively. The mean number of young vessels in 12 patients (20%) was mild, in 29 patients (48.3%) was moderate, and in 19 patients (31.7%) was severe category. ANOVA test demonstrated that the number of new vessels was significantly lower in cases at lower stages.

Significant reverse association was observed between the rate of angiogenesis and pathological stage. Therefore, the number of young vessels created in the tumor can probably be one of the predictors of pathologic stage.

Lichen planus is a relatively common chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of unknown etiology. The World Health Organization has identified lichen planus as a potential precancerous lesion. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a key enzyme for inflammatory processes and cell proliferation. The increased expression of COX-2 in some chronic precancerous inflammatory diseases and malignant neoplasms of the upper aerodigestive tract suggests its role in the early stages of carcinogenesis of the head and neck and can show its potential as a prognostic factor and marker of altered behavior. The aim of this study was to analyze the COX-2 marker in the pathogenesis and biological behavior of oral lichen planus and oral lichen planus with dysplasia. The incidence rate of the COX-2 marker in the 50 samples of the pathology archive of Mashhad Dental School, Mashad, Iran, including 25 samples of oral lichen planus and 25 samples of oral lichen planus with dysplasia, was evaluated using immunohistochemistry in 2017. In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, the Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square statistical tests were used to compare the incidence of the COX-2 marker in the study groups. Based on the results of this study, there was no significant difference between the two groups of oral lichen planus and oral lichen planus with dysplasia in COX-2 staining pattern in the basal layer and connective tissue; however, it was significantly higher in the suprabasal layer of the lichen planus group with dysplasia than that of the oral lichen planus group. In terms of location, lichen planus lesions with dysplasia were more commonly observed in the buccal mucosa, and oral lichen planuslesions (without dysplasia) were more frequently noticed in lips. Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that increased COX-2 expression is observed in oral lichen planus lesions, especially those with dysplasia. The presence of lesions in some areas of the mouth, such as the buccal mucosa, tongue, and border of the tongue, is also more associated with dysplasia.

Nicotine is one of the most common addictive substances that has many effects on the central nervous system, including dose-dependent anxiety that is mediated by various proteins. Since the mechanisms and proteins involved in nicotine anxiety are unclear, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of p-CREB (cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein) and c-Fos proteins in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) on nicotine-induced anxiety behaviours.

In this experimental study, 24 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of 7 (saline, nicotine 0.3 and 0.7 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) in behavioral experiment and four groups of 3 (control: no injection and test, Saline, nicotine 0.3 and 0.7 mg/kg) in immunohistochemical experiments. Anxiety-like behaviours were evaluated with % OAT (Open Arm Time), %OAE (Open Arm Entry), and locomotor activity in the elevated plus maze. The expression of p-CREB and c-Fos proteins in BLA region was also assessed by immunohistochemistry.

Intraperitoneal administration of nicotine at a dose of 0.7mg/kg decreased %OAT (5.4±0.42) and %OAE (29.4±0.61) compared to saline group (15.2±0.82) and (42.1±0.45), indicating an anxiety-like effect (respectively, p<0.001, p<0.01). In addition, there was a significant difference in the expression of p-CREB (H(3)= 6.99, p<0.05) and c-Fos (H(3)=13.11, p<0.01) protein in the BLA between treatment groups. P-CREB protein expression was higher in the BLA area of control group than in the other groups. C-Fos protein expression was significantly lower in the BLA region of the animals of control, nicotine 0.3 mg/kg and 0.7 mg/kg groups compared to saline group (p<0.01).

The results of this study indicated that systemic administration of nicotine induced anxiety-like behaviors at high doses. Also, the expression of P-CREB and c-Fos protein was unchanged and decreased in the treatment groups, respectively.

High risk genotypes of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) induce proliferative changes in prostate epithelium that result prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to detect the association of HPV infection with prostate cancer using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques in Ahvaz hospitals.

In this cross-sectional study, 50 paraffin embedded and formalin fixed prostate tissues were collected from the archive of pathology laboratories, Ahvaz Hospitals in 2019. A total of 25 tissues with prostate cancer and 25 tissues with benign prostatic hyperplasia (controls) were selected. HPV detection was performed by IHC and PCR methods.

HPV E7 oncoprotein was positively expressed in 4/25 (16%) prostate cancer specimens by IHC. HPV L1 gene was identified in 4/25 (16%) prostate cancer samples by PCR. Also, HPV16 E7 gene was detected in the same cancer specimens. Correlation between HPV infection and prostate cancer was significant (P = 0.03).

According to these results, HPV16 infection plays an important role in prostate cancer development in Ahvaz hospitals. Furthermore, IHC method can be used for the detection of HPV oncoproteins in prostate cancer patients and this technique is as an alternative method for PCR.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the calretinin and nitric oxide (NO) immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in ganglionic segment of colon of children with Hirschsprung's disease (HD).

 In a cross-sectional study, 60 children with HD entered the study, and underwent surgery to pull out the bowel from the anus to take biopsy from every 5 cm. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and IHC methods were evaluated, and the results were reported to be poorly positive or severely positive for calretinin. All patients were followed up 1 and 6 months after the operation, and the results were compared between the two groups.

 From 60 children with HD, 14 patients (23.3%) were symptomatic. In 14 symptomatic patients, all colorectal samples from ganglionic segments were negative for NO staining in comparison of placental NO staining as sham group. In the IHC examination, nuclear and cytoplasmic calretinin staining revealed ganglion cells in 52 patients as strongly positive, and weakly positive in 8 patients. Six patients in strongly positive group (11.5%) were symptomatic, while 8 patients whose calretinin staining was reported as weakly stained, had symptoms (P = 0.001). Overall accuracy of prediction of postoperative constipation for calretinin staining was 96.67%.</div>

 According to the findings of our study, it seems that in children with HD who undergo surgery, proximal ganglion immunohistochemical staining may be effective in determining postoperative bowel dysfunction.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the eighth most common cancer in men and the fifteenth in women. Localized recurrence and metastasis to regional lymph nodes are major problems in these patients. Fascin is a 55- kDa protein from the family of actin-binding proteins that is expressed in cells with membranous bronchial tubes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of fascin in oral SCC.

A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in 60 patients with OSCC attending Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, 2017. After preparing four-micrometer sections from paraffin blocks, the immunohistochemistry was performed using Fascin (as a tumor marker). Data were analyzed in SPSS V23 applying Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, and Kruskal-Wallis test.

Most of the samples showed poor to moderate expression of fascin, and there were significant relationships between expression level of fascin and age, sex, and degree of microscopic grading (P=0.002, P=0.009, P=0.011). High expression of fascin was seen in samples with recurrence and metastasis, but no significant relationship was detected (P=0.525, P=0.769).

The expression level of fascin in SCC probably indicates its role in increasing the movement and migration of cancer cells and the likelihood of recurrence and metastasis.

Pemphigus vulgaris is the most common form of autoimmune vesiculobullous skin disease. Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) has a well-known association with Kaposi's sarcoma. Considering the reports about the incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma in patients with pemphigus and bolus pemphigoid without evidence of HIV infection, this study was designed to investigate the presence of HHV-8 in patients with pemphigus.

In this cross-sectional and descriptive-analytic study, 27 patients with newly diagnosed pemphigus vulgaris were selected. The control group included 27 patients with benign non- vesiculobullous skin lesions. IHC (Immunohistochemistry) staining was performed to detect HHV-8 in tissue samples taken from skin lesions or mucosal lesions in both groups.

IHC showed HHV-8 in 12 patients in case group with pemphigus vulgaris (44.4%) and 9 patients in control group (33.3%) (P=0.402).

Although HHV-8 prevalence was higher in Pemphigus vulgaris patients, this difference was not statistically significant, and there is unlikely to be a causal relationship between HHV-8 and Pemphigus

Here we aimed to comprise several histological methods to determine the most accurate technique for evaluation of efficacy of neuroprotective agents in animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS).

Male C57BL/6 mice were treated for 6 weeks in control, control + Benzoraic acid (BA, as neuroprotective agent) 20, 40, 80 mg/kg during last 2 weeks, Cuprizone (0.2%) as demyelinating agent, and Cuprizone (0.2%) + BA (20, 40, 80 mg/kg during last 2 weeks) groups. At the end of experiment, histological examinations including immunohistochemistry (IHC), Hematoxylin & Eosin (H & E) staining, Luxol Fast Blue (LFB) staining, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) techniques were performed for evaluation of myelin damages.

Significant myelin damage was detected by all of the used histological methods in Cuprizone group (p < 0.001 compared to control group). LFB technique could not show improvement in damages by all doses of BA. The H&E, IHC and TEM methods showed significant protective effects of the high BA dose compared to Cuprizone group. Only the TEM method could show significant (p < 0.05) protective effect of the medium BA dose.

TEM was the most and LFB was least sensitive methods. Present study suggests simultaneous using of methods such as H & E for better assessment of neuroinflammation and IHC for confirmation of TEM results. Moreover, in the case of restriction in methods, TEM and IHC are the most sensitive methods and could provide reliable results related to efficacy of neuroprotective agents in this model.

HCA2 receptors have attracted much interest due to their role as the target of important hypolipidemic agent, niacin. In this study, the presence of HCA2 receptors as well as cell types that express them has been evaluated in different parts of male rat's urinary system including kidney, ureter, urinary bladder and urethra (in penis).
In this experimental study, six adult male Wistar rats were used. Histological slides were made from above mentioned parts and were evaluated by immunohistochemical method.
In kidney, capillary epithelium showed a high reactivity while proximal epithelial cells were stained moderately. The epithelial cells of loop of Henle, distal and collective tubules as well as glomerular cells showed weak staining. In urinary bladder, transitional epithelium and capillary endothelium showed weak staining, while smooth muscle had no reactivity. In penile tissue, urethral epithelium and smooth muscle cells were weakly positive while capillary endothelial cells showed moderate reactivity.
This study shows that HCA2 receptors are present in different parts of male rat's urinary tract. Distribution of these receptors is dependent to cell type and location in the urinary tract. The findings pave the road for future studies on possible role of these receptors in urinary system.