جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Superoxide Dismutase » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Welding is an extensively utilized industrial technique, which involves the fusion of fumes containing various heavy metals. To protect exposed workers, it is crucial to investigate the subsequent adverse effects. This study aimed to carry out the welding process within a regulated welding chamber and examine the effects of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as antioxidant enzymes and pathological damage on rat testicular tissue.

Male adult Wistar rats (n = 7/experiment group) were exposed to an average concentration of (44.48 mg/m3) welding fumes (WFs) for 30 min/d × 8 days through shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). The control group (n = 7) was in similar conditions without direct exposure to WFs.

The metal composition of WFs was found to contain iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr). Among these metals, Fe had the highest average concentration (12.06 mg/m3), while Cu displayed the lowest one (0.019 mg/m3). The majority of the produced particles were found within the micron size range (0.25 to 0.5 μm). The mean activity of GPX and SOD was determined 15.16777 (mU/mg protein) and 81.955 (U/mg protein) in the exposed group, respectively. In the microscopic examination of testis tissue, some complications were observed.

Oxidative damage occurred in the testicular tissue of experimental rats by decreasing the mean activity of antioxidant enzymes. Besides, the exposed group showed reduced sperm quality and quantity indexes.

This study explored the effects of propolis extract calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) combination on malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase expression in dental pulp, aiming to assess its potential as a direct pulp capping material.

Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups. Mandibular molar teeth were prepared using a low-speed round bur. In Group I, no material was applied; in Group II, teeth were treated with Ca(OH)2; and in Group III, teeth were treated with Propolis extract-Ca(OH)2, followed by Cention N filling. Immunohistochemistry was conducted on pulp tissue samples obtained on the third and seventh days post-treatment to assess malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase expression. Statistical analyses included the Shapiro-Wilk test, Levene test, ANOVA, and Tukey’s HSD.

The samples treated with propolis extract-Ca(OH)2combination exhibited significantly lower malondialdehyde expression on both days compared to samples treated with Ca(OH)2 (P<0.05), indicating reduced oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase expression in the propolis extract-Ca(OH)2 group was higher (P<0.05), suggesting an enhanced antioxidant activity. The control group showed intermediate results. Statistical analyses confirmed significant differences between groups for both malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase expressions (P<0.05).

The study suggests that the propolis extract-Ca(OH)2combination holds promise for direct pulp capping applications by minimizing oxidative stress and promoting antioxidant defense mechanisms in dental pulp.

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide and oxidative stress (OS) is one of the most important factors of pathophysiology in the development of this disease. The use of antioxidant agents for preventing and treating NAFLD has been suggested in several studies. Due to the antioxidant function of curcumin, the effects of curcumin on serum level of malondialdehyde (MDA) as an oxidative stress marker and enzymes activity level of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were investigated in this study.

In this study, 70 patients with NAFLD were selected and distributed through randomized blocks in two groups of receiving curcumin 500mg plus piperine 5mg and placebo. CAT and SOD markers were measured by photometric method and MDA marker by calorimetric method before and after the intervention.

Comparison of the changes in the serum level of MDA factor and the activity of CAT and SOD enzymes in the serum of the studied patients after the intervention showed that the serum activity of catalase enzyme increased significantly due to the consumption of the combination of curcumin 500 mg and piperine 5 mg (p = 0.008) while SOD and MDA factors did not show any significant difference in the two studied groups.

The results indicate that daily use of curcumin in patients with NAFLD can increase the serum activity of catalase. According to the results of this study, the use of curcumin as a natural supplement, might be effective in blunting the negative effects of oxidative stress in patients with NAFLD.

The mechanism of action of Crinum glaucumbulb (Cgb) A. Chev (Amaryllidaceae) is enigmatic. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the possible modulating properties of an aqueous extract of Cgb on endogenous antioxidant enzymes during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress in a rat model.

Experimental: 

25 male and 25 female rats were divided into five groups (n=5) each: control group; treatment group, rats were given an aqueous extract of Cgb for 7 days; induced-oxidative stress group, rats were injected with LPS for 4 hours; post-Cgb group, rats were injected with LPS for 4 hours and treated with an aqueous extract of Cgb; and pre-Cgb group, rats were given an aqueous extract of Cgb for 7 days, injected with LPS for 4 hours, and treated with an aqueous extract of Cgb for 7 days. The blood, brain, heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys were harvested for the biochemical analysis. The endogenous antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione-S-transferase) were analysed spectrophotometrically.

The hallmark of LPS is its ability to decrease the activity of oxidative stress marker enzymes, as observed in this study. The pre- and post-administration of an aqueous extract of Cgb significantly (P≤0.05) reversed the damaging effect of LPS by increasing the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the blood and organs of male and female rats, respectively, while plasma glutathione-S-transferase activity was inhibited.

Recommended applications/industries: 

The aqueous extract of Cgb has modulating properties to reduce the action of LPS-induced oxidative stress on endogenous antioxidant enzymes in male and female rats.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to idiopathic chronic and inflammatory bowel disorders such as ulcerative colitis. Considering the lack of definitive treatment and the side effects of existing drugs, finding efficient compounds is needed. Biochanin A has attracted the attention of researchers due to its wide range of medicinal activities. Until now, no study was conducted to evaluate its effects on colitis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of biochanin A on the nitrogen pathway in rats with acetic acid-induced colitis.

Male rats were divided into five groups: normal group, negative control group, positive control group, and groups receiving biochanin A (10 and 20 mg/kg). Colitis was induced with 4% acetic acid. Next, the samples were evaluated at different macroscopic and microscopic levels, and biochemical test of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide activity was investigated.

Macroscopic and microscopic investigations showed that treatment with biochanin A decreased mucosal damage in rats with acetic acid-induced colitis. Biochanin A reduced neutrophil infiltration in the intestinal tissue. It also led to the reduction in nitric oxide and enhancement of SOD in rats. The optimal dose of biochanin A was 20 mg/kg, which had the best effect on reducing inflammation and mucosal lesions in rats.

Biochanin A, due to its anti-inflammatory effects by reducing nitric oxide and enhancement of SOD and reducing mucosal damage in rats with acetic acid-induced colitis, can be a useful alternative drug for the prevention or treatment of IBD patients.

Studies have shown the complications of chemotherapy on learning and memory. Empirical evidence suggests that Nigella sativa (NS) has neuroprotective activities. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the effects of NS on cisplatin-induced memory impairment.

This study was conducted on 40 male rats grouped as: control (saline: 2 ml/kg, intraperitoneally (IP), once weekly/2 weeks), cisplatin (Cis, 2 mg/kg, IP, once weekly/2 weeks), NS (200 mg/kg, IP, once weekly/2 weeks), Cis +NS 200 (2 mg/kg Cis + 200 mg/kg NS, IP, once weekly/2 weeks), and Cis +NS 400 (2 mg/kg Cis + 400 mg/kg NS, IP, once weekly/2 weeks). Morris water maze (MWM) test was used to assess spatial learning and memory. In addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and thiol and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated in the brain.

Cis significantly enhanced the traveled distance and time spent in the target quadrant in the MWM test. Additionally, MDA levels increased in the Cis group, while thiol and SOD decreased in this group. As a result of treatment with NS, behavioral results were reversed in the groups receiving NS compared to the Cis group. Also, NS reduced MDA level but improved SOD and thiol levels in brain tissue samples.

NS could improve memory impairment and oxidative stress in animals receiving Cis. Therefore, NS could be used as a potential food supplement to prevent neurotoxicity in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

In the current study, the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) treatments were examined based on biomechanical and histological criteria and mRNA levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and NADPH oxidase (NOX) 1 and 4 in a postponed, ischemic, and infected wound repair model (DIIWHM) in rats with type 2 diabetes (DM2) during the inflammation (day 4) and proliferation (day 8) stages.

To study ischemic wound repair in a diabetic rat model (DIIWHM), 24 rats with type-2 diabetes were randomly divided into four groups and infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The control groups consisted of CG4 (control group on day 4) and CG8 (control group on day 8), while the PBM groups comprised PBM4 (PBM treatment group on day 4) and PBM8 (PBM treatment group on day 8). These group assignments allowed for comparisons between the control groups and the PBM-treated groups at their respective time points during the study.

On days 4 and 8 of wound restoration, the PBM4 and PBM8 groups showed substantially modulated inflammatory responses and improved formation of fibroblast tissue compared with the CG groups (P < 0.05). Concurrently, the effects of PBM8 were significantly superior to those of PBM4(P < 0.05). The antioxidant results on days 4 and 8 revealed substantial increases in CAT and SOD in the PBMgroups compared with the CGs (P < 0.05). Substantial decreases were observed in the antioxidant agents NOX1 and NOX4 of the PBM4 and PBM8 groups compared with both CGgroups (P < 0.05).

PBM treatments significantly sped up the inflammatory and proliferating processes in a DHIIWM in DM2 animals by modifying the inflammatory reaction and boosting fibroblast proliferation. Overall, the current findings indicated substantially better results in the PBM groups than in the CG groups.

 Endurance exercise causes fatigue due to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of taurine supplementation on lipids peroxidation and antioxidant activity during endurance activities. 

 Twenty-four male volunteers aged 27 ± 1.8 years and weighting 74.9 ± 5.9 kg were randomly divided into three groups: taurine supplementation (n=8), placebo (n=8), and control (n=8). The subjects completed a 28-day endurance training protocol. Biochemical parameters such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations (8 hours before the first session and 8 hours after the last session) and maximum rate of oxygen consumption, were measured to evaluate the antioxidant, lipid peroxidation, and VO2 max status respectively. Finally, data were analyzed by SPSS software at a significance level of <0.05.

 Taurine supplementation significantly increased SOD (p=0.001) and GPX (p=0.001) but significantly decreased MDA (p=0.001). However, it had no significant effect on the VO2 max. 

 The results of the present study indicate that taurine has antioxidant effects against endurance exercise-induced oxidant stress and lipid peroxidation.

Since common drug therapies cannot eradicate Candida biofilm, extensive studies are required to develop more effective antifungal compounds and identify their mechanism of action against Candida biofilm. Peganum harmala L. is a traditional medicinal plant, the seeds of which have been used to treat various diseases.

This study aimed to investigate the anti-biofilm mechanisms of P. harmala extract (PHE) and the expression of CAT1, EFG1, and BCR1 genes involved in oxidative stress response and biofilm formation in Candida albicans.

Anti-biofilm activity of PHE was evaluated by crystal violet assay to determine biofilm formation on 33 C. albicans isolates. Finally, a real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the effect of PHE on the expression of CAT1, EFG1, and BCR1 genes in C. albicans.

This study determined the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) of 15 isolates in concentrations between 0.49 - 3.9g/mL of P. harmala extract. Statistical analysis showed that the exposure of C. albicans biofilm to PHE significantly reduced the expression of CAT1 mRNA in C. albicans isolates (P = 0.0068). However, no significant difference was observed in the expression of EFG1 and BCR1 genes.

The results demonstrated that PHE significantly decreased CAT1 expression in C. albicans cells treated with the herbal extract. PHE is likely to accumulate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by reducing CAT1 expression and disrupting the prooxidant/ antioxidant balance that leads to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can cause damage to cellular components and eventually destroy C. albicans biofilm.

 This study aimed to evaluate the changes in cardiac oxidative stress-antioxidants following the use of tribulus terrestris extract and crocin after exhaustive exercise in the heart tissue of elderly male rats.  In this study, elderly male Wistar rats with an average weight of 300 g and an age range of 14 to 18 months were used as the statistical population. A total of 56 rats were selected as a statistical sample and randomly divided into seven groups of 8, including control, exhausting exercise, exercise + crocin dose of 50 mg, exercise + crocin dose of 100 mg, exercise + thrush dose of 100 mg, exercise + thrush dose of 200 mg, exercise + tortoises were divided into 400 mg doses.  The results showed that GPX concentration in training groups with doses of 50 and 100 crocin was significantly higher than in the vulnerable training group (p<0.05). In addition, GPX concentration was significantly higher in the groups with 50 and 100 doses of crocin than in the exercise groups with 100 and 200 doses of thistle (p<0.05). GPX was significantly higher in the exercise group and crocin 100 than in the exercise group and thrush 400 (p<0.01). The results also showed that SOD concentration in training groups with doses of 50 and 100 crocin was significantly higher than  in the specific exercise group (p<0.01). SOD concentration was significantly higher in the exercise groups with 50 and 100 doses of crocin than in the groups with 100 and 200 doses of thistle (p<0.05). Also, SOD was significantly higher in the exercise group and crocin 100 than in the exercise group and thrush 400 (p<0.017).  Therefore, using of antioxidants is recommended to improve heart tissue function in the elderly.

Pentavalent antimonial has been a drug of choice against leishmaniasis, despite the emergence of treatment failure. Identification of resistance markers is urgently needed to design new therapeutic strategies. Iron-Superoxide dismutases (Fe-SODs) are antioxidant enzymes contributing to detoxify reactive oxygen species to prevent a cell from oxidative stress. Since antimonial compounds induce oxidative stress, in this survey, the expression of SOD genes was investigated to identify their expression pattern in clinical resistant isolates.

This cross-sectional survey was done in Mashhad City, northeast of Iran during 2014 to 2019. The RNA expression level of mitochondrial (SODA) and glycosomal (SODB) superoxide dismutase was investigated in 25 antimony responsive (n=15) and unresponsive (n=10) anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) patients. Total RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the qRT-PCR approach was utilized to investigate the relative RNA expression level.

The transcript level of SODs was over-expressed in the most resistant isolates. Gene expression analysis demonstrated the over-expression of SODA and B by a factor of 3.8 and 4.81, respectively, in resistance isolates vs. sensitive ones.

Aberrant expression of SODA/B in unresponsive parasites could potentially implicate in detoxifying antimony-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, SODs might be considered as potential predictive markers of the response to antimonials in ACL patients in endemic areas.

Neurotoxicity is an adverse effect of chemotherapy drugs on the central nervous system. Many studies havedemonstrated that xanthine oxidase inhibitors prevent the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The presentstudy aimed to investigate the effects of allopurinol as an oxidase inhibitor on the learning and memory impairmentinduced by cisplatin. This study was conducted on 40 male Wistar rats, which were randomly divided into fivegroups, as follows: 1) control injected with saline (1 ml/kg/i.p); 2) cisplatin (5 mg/kg/once a week; i.p.); 3) allopurinol(ALP; 50 mg/kg/once a week; P.O.); 4) Cis+ALP 50 (cisplatin 5 mg/kg/i.p and allopurinol50 mg/kg/once a week;P.O.) and 5) Cis+ALP 100 (cisplatin 5 mg/kg/i.p and allopurinol100 mg/kg/once a week; P.O.). Drugs wereadministered for five weeks in all groups. The interval between administrations of drugs were half an hour. Morriswater maze (MWM) was used to evaluate the memory and learning of the animals. The tissue brain concentrationsof malondialdehyde (MDA), thiol, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured using biochemical tests.According to the results, the cisplatin group had longer escape latency and shorter time spent and traveled pathwayin the target quadrant compared to the control group. On the other hand, allopurinol treatment significantly reversedthe results of the spatial memory test. The biochemical data indicated that cisplatin increased MDA concentrationbut decreased thiol and SOD activity compared to the control group. Administration of allopurinol decreased theMDA level but increased the thiol levels in the cortex and hippocampus tissues. Therefore, it was concluded thatallopurinol could improve cisplatin-induced memory impairment by affecting the oxidative status of the brain tissue.

Endometriosis and infertility are caused by reactive oxygen species or free radicals, which promote endometrial cell growth and adhesion in the peritoneal cavity. Genistein has been proven to protect cells against reactive oxygen species by scavenging free radicals and decreasing the expression of genes-associated stress responses.

This study was conducted to determine whether genistein also acts as an antioxidant by elevating superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the peritoneal fluid of the endometriosis mice model.

This experimental study involved 32 healthy female mice (Mus musculus), aged between 2-3 months and weighing 20-30 gr. They were divided into negative control group (healthy mice without genistein), endometriosis group (endometriosis mice without genistein), treatment group that was given different doses of genistein, that is, 0.13; 0.26; 0.52; 0.78; 1.04; and 1.3 mg/day (n = 4/each). SOD level in the peritoneal fluid was measured using the quantitative colorimetric determination method, and a colorimetric assay measured the GPx levels.

Results showed that the endometriosis model has lower SOD and GPx levels than the control group. The administration of genistein significantly normalized these changes. Genistein significantly increased SOD levels in the 0.13 mg and 0.26 mg treatment groups. Genistein also increased GPx levels significantly in all treatment groups.

Genistein increases SOD and GPx levels in the peritoneal fluid of an endometriosis mice model, and the change is dose-dependent.

Oxidative stress (OS) contributes to the development of some disorders, including malignancies, metabolic diseases, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.

The effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on OS parameters have been assessed through an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

SCOPUS, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Sciences were used for article searching. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and its standard error were calculated using a random-effects DerSimonian and Laird model. All analyses were done using the STATA software version 16.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX).

Based on twenty-five studies which remained to be incorporated in the meta-analysis, a statistically significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD -2.74; 95% CI -3.89, -1.58; I2 = 96.9%) as well as nitric oxide (NO) (SMD -5.16; 95% CI -7.98, 2.34; I2 = 92.5%) was associated with CoQ10 supplementation, and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (SMD 3.40; 95% CI 1.98, 4.83; I2 = 97.4%) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (SMD 1.22; 95% CI 0.32, 2.12; I2 = 94.32%).

The results showed no significant effect of CoQ10 supplementation on glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) activities, and glutathione (GSH) levels. CoQ10 supplementation significantly reduced MDA and NO concentrations and increased TAC and SOD activity.