جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « نئوسپورا کانینوم » در نشریات گروه « دامپزشکی »

Cheese isamong ther dairy products and is a suitable environment for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. One of these pathogens, Neospora caninum, causes abortion in cows. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of N. caninum in traditional cheeses produced from ruminant milk using molecular method. In this study, 86 traditional cheese samples consisting 42 cow cheese, 20 sheep cheese, 12 goat cheese, and 12 sheep cheese ripened in brine were randomly collected from dairy herds in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari provinces. The samples were transferred to the laboratory in sterile conditions next to ice an, and Nested-PCR technique was used on Nc5 gene for molecular analysis. The results showed that 9.3% (8/86) of the samples were contaminated with N. caninum. The highest contamination (12.5%) was found in cow milk cheese samples. No contamination was observed in traditional cheeses produced from goat milk or sheep brined cheese. The comparison of contamination levels in different cheeses showed no significant difference between the groups. Since milk and dairy products have a high place in the human food basket; therefore, the healthiness of these foods is crucial.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lyophilization on which strain in comparison with acute strain in the development of immune response in BALB/c mice. To this end, 40 BALB/c mice were divided into 5 groups each of 8 heads. The first group: NC1 (acute strain), the second group: lyophilized NC1 (acute strain), the third group: NCR (attenuated strain), the fourth group: lyophilized NCR (attenuated strain), and the fifth group: control. Three weeks after induction of vaccines, blood sampling was performed for ELISA and interferon-gamma tests. The results showed that the hemorrhagic immune system performed well (P <0.05, OR (CI95%)), and all four immunosuppressed groups had a significant difference in humoral immune response compared to the control group. An important result was the interferon test, which revealed that the lyophilized form in the acute strain had no significant difference in the level of interferon gamma compared to the control group, while lyophilized attenuated strain also had a significant difference between the levels of IFN-γ compared to the control (P <0.05, OR (CI95%)). This study showed that the lyophilized attenuated strain N.caninum is also able to produce a humoral and cell mediated immune and can be considered as an appropriate candidate for further studies on vaccine production.

Neosporosis is a disease caused by the protozoan Neospora caninum, which is characterized by abortion in cattle and neuromuscular paralysis of various organs, particularly the hind limbs of dogs. The diagnosis of neosporosis is often made by serological molecular tests.

This study was conducted to investigate the presence of N. caninum oocysts in the feces of dogs.

A total of 100 fecal samples were collected from indoor and outdoor dogs during 2018-2019 around Tabriz. Information about age, location, and history of antiparasitic treatment of the dogs were recorded in a questionnaire. Primarily, fecal samples were examined microscopically for Neospora ocysts. After breaking the collected oocysts through freeze-thaw and sonication, DNA contents of the oocysts were extracted and analyzed via PCR.

In a light microscopic study, oocysts were observed in 45 (45 %) of the fecal samples. In the PCR study, 21 of the 45 cases tested positive for Neospora infection (21 %). All the positive cases of infection were observed in molecular examination in dogs older than one year. The positive cases were observed in 2 % of the domestic dogs, 8 % of the stray dogs, 6 % of the kennel dogs, and 5 % of the rural dogs. Furthermore, 19 % of the infected dogs had no history of antiparasitic treatment; only 2% had a history of antiparasitic treatment. The results of statistical analysis showed that the rate of infection in dogs around Tabriz with Neospora caninum was significantly (P<0.05) related to the animal's living environment and history of antiparasitic treatment. However, this rate was found to have no significant relationships with the age of the animals.

Due to the high rate of infection with Neospora caninum in dogs in Tabriz, it is necessary to apply preventive methods in traditional and industrial farms around this city and use rapid diagnosis methods in them.

Over the recent years, Neospora caninum has been one of the most important causes of abortion in dairy cattle.

We conducted the present study in order to investigate the seroprevalence of N. caninum in dairy cattle in Semnan province and its effect on abortion.

237 blood samples were obtained from various Semnan dairy farms and 104 bulk dairy samples from four milk collection centers in Semnan, Garmsar, Damghan, and Shahrood were tested for sera and milk utilizing ELISA (Svanova Biotech AB) test kits.

The results revealed that 87.27 % of bovine serum was positive. The percentage of opacity density (OD) of positive sample (PP) ranged from 72.17 to 137.3 (114.21±24.65). In addition, the average rate of milk seroprevalence to the parasite was 95.23 % in Semnan province.

The frequency of Neospora caninum infection in blood and milk was high in Semnan, yet no significant relationships were observed with abortion (p < /em>>0.05).

Neospora caninum is a livestock protozoan parasite that causes reproductive damages in sheep and goats. Neospora caninum infection is a long-term complication and the host will be lifelong infected, and abortions caused by Neospora caninum may occur after any pregnancy after infection. The present study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in female Markhoz goats of Saqqez County. To this end, we tested 180 serum samples by ELISA. Among them, 4 serum samples (2.2%) were positive. One (1.44%) out of 69 Markhoz goats under 1 years old and 3 (2.7%) out of 111 Markhoz goats over 1 years old were positive in terms of infection with Neospora caninum. The statistical examination indicated no significant relationship between the rate of infection and age groups (p>0.05). The statistical analyses also indicated a significant relationship between the rate of infection in sheep and history of abortion (p<0.05). The research results found the low environmental exposure of native goats to Neospora caninum. Despite the low prevalence of Neospora caninum in the present study, great attention should be paid to control strategies to avoid the risk of infection. Furthermore, more studies should be conducted to better evaluate its prevalence in these animals.

Neospora caninum is an intracellular protozoan parasite with global dissemination. This protozoa has been the main cause of abortion in dairy cows. The present research was done to study the seasonal and geographical prevalence of Neospora caninum in ruminants milk by molecular method. Four-hundred and forty raw milk samples were collected from Isfahan, Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari, Khuzestan and Fars provinces through 4 seasons of the year and transferred to the laboratory. Extracted DNA samples by kit were analyzed in order to detect the Neospora caninum NC5 gene using the nested-PCR assay. From a total of 440 studied milk samples, 54 samples (12.27%) were infected with Neospora caninum. Cow milk had the highest (26%) and sheep milk had the lowest (4%) prevalence of Neospora caninum. Milk samples collected in winter had the highest (22.85%) and samples collected in the summer had the lowest (8.57%) prevalence of Neospora caninum. Milk samples collected from Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari province had the highest (14.94%) and samples collected from Isfahan had the lowest (6.38%) prevalence of Neospora caninum. Regarding the relative prevalence of this parasite in raw milk, adoption of monitoring plans are required more than before. Additionally, considering the possibility of consumption of traditional dairy products and transmission of infection to human, complete boiling of milk is recommended before consumption.

Neospora caninum, the cause of Neosporosis, is an obligate intracellular parasite. Neosporosis infection has worldwide distribution and infect many animals such as cattle, sheep, goat and deer. The control methods of disease are included test and cull, antibiotic treatment and vaccination. The lack of proper drugs and the absence of effective vaccines led us to evaluate the anti neospora effects of Ginger and Glycyrrhizin aqua extracts. In this study, different doses of two herbal extracts were prepared. At first the cytotoxicity of aqua extracts was evaluated on Vero cell line by MTT assay. Then their effects on parasite were tested in chicken embryonated eggs. The results showed that Ginger and Glycyrrhizin aqua extract, have no cytotoxic effect on Vero cell line in 0.625 mg/ml dose. Also, in the study on embryonic eggs, there were casualties in the groups that used clindamycin and Glycyrrhizin,while the ginger prevents losses due to the neosporosis in chicken embryonated eggs. Previous reports had proved the effect of ginger on Toxoplasma gondii .In this study, the inhibitory effect of this plant was also shown on Neospora caninum. In addition, for the first time embryonated eggs were used to evaluate drug effects on Neospora caninum. Both of these findings can be useful in applied research for the preparation of an effective drug for the control and treatment of neosporosis.

Neospora caninum is one of the most important pathogenic protozoan parasites causing bovine abortion around the world. The aim of this study was to detect the presence of Neospora caninum in the brain, cerebellum and medulla oblongata of aborted fetuses in cattle in Arak by means of molecular method. 38 samples of brain, cerebellum and medulla oblongata from aborted fetuses in dairy cattle of Arak were tested for the presence of Neospora with nested-PCR. Survey findings indicated the presence of DNA in 26.3 % of aborted fetal brains. In the cerebellum and medulla oblongata samples no Neospora caninum DNA was detected. There was a significant relationship between neosporosis and maternal age (number of calvings), abortion history and the presence of dogs in the herd. The results showed a significant association between the infection and the number of abortions in the examined cows; As a result it seems that neosporosis could be an important factor in epidemic abortions in Arak city’s dairy farms which requires continuous monitoring and implementation of prevention programs in the dairy industry.

Neospora caninum is a protozoan intracellular parasite which is considered as one of the main factors for recurrent abortions of dairy cattle in various countries such as Iran. This parasite leads to negative economic impacts such as decline in reproduction, reduced amount of milk, and long calving intervals. There have been numerous tests to determine the cause of abortion. PCR test is considered as a suitable method to specify Neospora caninum DNA and it can determine the DNA in tissue samples and body fluids of the aborted fetus. This study aims to use PCR to evaluate parasites in the tissues of aborted fetuses so as to detect the best tissue for determining the parasite. In this study, 82 aborted fetuses in the first six months of 2015 were studied. The tissues were selected from brain, liver, lungs, spleen, kidneys and rennet fluids. The NP21plus primer was used to detect the presence of Neospora caninum in samples. After conducting the PCR Test, samples with 340bp band in Gel electrophoresis were considered as positive. Statistical data from the survey of Neospora caninum’s presence in selected tissues were evaluated by SAS (version 9.2) software. Contamination with this parasite was found in 34 brain samples (41.5%) of aborted fetuses. In 2 (2.4%) and 4 (4.9%) of the aborted fetuses, parasite DNA was found in lung and liver tissues along with brain tissues, respectively. Due to significant difference of infection of brain tissues in comparison to other tissues, our study considers brain tissue as the most appropriate sample for detecting Neospora caninum infection in aborted fetuses in PCR method

Neospora caninum is one of the most important agent cause abortion in cattle all around the world which can lead in economic loss in cattle herds. Currently, most attention is focused into the live vaccine . So far there is no effective vaccine against neosporosis since the aim of this study was to evaluate the attenuated variety of N. caninum as a potential live vaccine. Sixteen female mice BALB/c were divided randomly into conrtrol and attenuated groups. Twenty-one days after immunization, sera of all groups were taken and subjected for ELISA and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) tests. All mice were challenged by the NC-1 strain of N. caninum. One month after challenge tissue samples were collected for PCR. The results of ELISA and IFN-γ tests indicated that immune response generated in the vaccinated group. The results showed that the attenuated variety of N. caninum stimulated both humeral and cellular immune responses. The results indicated that investigations carried out on non-pathogenic strains and attenuated varieties of Neospora caninum to provide live and protective vaccine is promising.

The major agents cause abortion in cattle are Neospora caninum, Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), and Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD). These infection agents cause reproductive disorders which can lead in economic loss in dairy and beef herds. Serological test including ELISA are calculated as the best diagnostic ways for Neospora caninum, IBR, and BVD. The aim of this study was to develop a multiplex Dot-ELISA kit for simultaneous detecting of three abortion agents: Neospora caninum, IBR, and BVD. The blood samples were collected from 184 cows with a history of abortion in the northern of Fars province. Sera were analyzed by Multiplex Dot-ELISA and commercial ELISA kits, and the results were compared to each other. The commercial kit showed 32%, 98,9% and 64.1% positive results for Neospora caninum, IBR, and BVD, respectively. On the other hand, positive results for Multiplex Dot-ELISA showed 29.3%, 93.5% and 79.3% for these agents. Kappa agreement assessment demonstrated that appropriate agreement between multiplex Dot-ELISA results and ELISA kits, and McNemar test showed that both methods have the same efficacy for the identification of these abortion agents. The results of this study revealed that multiple Dot-ELISA kit, could be a simple and economical method for the simultaneous detection of three abortion agents in cattle. This experimentally kit is designed as the first step in designing a multiple kit for the diagnosis of infections in cows which could be introduced with complementary studies as a commercial kit in the future.

Inspite of limited data on the role of birds in the field of infection with Neospora caninum, there is no report about the role of chicken in the field of infection with this parasite. In this study, two isolates of NC-1 and NC-SewB1 in Ross embryonated eggs were used. For each of the isolates, six different dilutions (10, 102 ,103,104,105,106) were prepared for infection. Group 7 was considered as control group. Insemination was conducted in chorioallantoic liquid of embryonated eggs in 9 days. Rates of death, macroscopic changes, and tissue histopathology of dead chicken and chickens that were kept one month after hatching were evaluated. The results showed that the mortality rate in both NC-1 and NC-SweB1 was dependent on amount of inseminated tachyzoite. Thus, in greater quantities of tachyzoite, rates of death and histopathological lesions were higher. The comparison of death of embryonated eggs in isolated NC-1 and NC-SweB1 both using Fisher test showed that the total mortality rate in both groups was statistically significant. According to the average lethal dose (LD50) that was 101.5 and 101.1 for NC-1 and NC-SweB1, respectively, we can conclude that virulence of the NC-1 is higher than NC-SweB1. The results of this study showed that the study of embryonated eggs can be a valuable approach to test live and attenuated vaccines in the in vivo environments.

Neospora caninum is an obligate intracellular parasite in the Apicomplexa phylum. The parasite causes abortion in cattle and Neuromascular paralysis in dog. Given the economic losses incurred by abortion caused by Neospora caninum and reduced milk production, in this study the frequncy of Neospora was evaluated by ELISA in the Shahriyar area. 150 samples of raw milk of 5 dairy cattle herds collected and tested for the detection of antibodies against Neospora caninum by ELISA. 22% of the samples were positive for the presence of antibodies against Neospora. The highest prevalence was observed in cows older than 4 years of age (P-value =0.039). The indirect ELISA used in milk seems to be a useful for epidemiological surveys, and to increase the level of control strategy of Nespora caninum in dairy cattle farms.

The aim of this study was to establish attenuated Neospora caninum (NC-1) tachyzoites through serial passage by J774 cell line. The virulence of attenuated tachyzoites for Balb/c mice was also evaluated. The NC-1 isolates were passaged 90 times in J774 cell line to produce a high-passage or attenuated strain. A total of 35 female BALB/c mice with an average age of six to eight weeks were randomly separated into seven groups. The first group as a control was inoculated subcutaneously with cell culture media and the second, third and fourth groups received low passage or acute NC-1 strain with different doses (5×106, 10×106, 20×106) of tachyzoites. The other three groups were inoculated with high-passage of NC-1 tachyzoites with similar doses. The mortality rate and pathological changes in all groups were noted daily. The cellular and humoral immunity were assessed by Skin test and ELISA, respectively. The results of the present study showed that the groups that received high-passage strain of Nc1 not only survived, but did not show pathological changes of neosporosis. In addition, cellular and humoral immune responses to NC-1 were significantly higher in mice that received high-passage tachyzoites of NC-1. These findings indicated that the serial passages of NC-1 in J774 cell line significantly led to decrease the virulence of NC-1. This attenuated tachyzoite could be used as a candidate for further research to develop live vaccines against Neospora caninum.

Neospora caninum is a worldwide distributed pathogen which causes abortions in dairy cattle, leading to economic losses in the cattle industry. In this study ten different available lots of commercial fetal bovine serum samples and sixteen different lots of prototype fetal bovine serum were tested using a commercially available ELISA kit for the presence of total antibody to N. caninum. 100% (10/10) of the commercial FBS and 37.5% (6/ 16) of the prototype fetal bovine serum examined in this study were positive for N. caninum. This finding showed the high frequency of
N. caninum infection in used commercial fetal bovine serums.