جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « lamb » در نشریات گروه « دامپزشکی »

Hydrocephalus is a nervous system disorder characterized by increased intracranial pressure and head enlargement. Increased intracranial pressure is a direct consequence of fluid accumulation in the ventricular system. This condition can affect almost all animal species, including domestic animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, dogs, and cats.A lamb that was born by caesarean section and had hydrocephalus abnormality was evaluated biometrically and anatomically after dying in the dissection hall of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, as well as cerebrospinal fluid culture was evaluated in the department of microbiology and mycology.The results of this study showed that this abnormality did not have a bacterial or fungal cause, so it is very likely that it can be caused by the issue of nutrition and contamination in the feeding of the mother sheep, or a lack of micronutrients, or a viral factor.Cognitive and physical defects can occur as a result of hydrocephalus. The pathophysiology of hydrocephalus is unclear. While the circulation theory is widely accepted as a hypothesis for the development of hydrocephalus, there is a lack of sufficient proof in clinical situations and in experimental settings. However, there is increasing evidence that osmotic gradients are responsible for the water content of brain ventricles, similar to their presence in other water-permeable organs in the body. Therefore, brain disorders that result in excess macromolecules in the ventricular CSF alter the osmotic gradient and lead to hydrocephalus.

In March 2020, three 5-15 day old mixed breed lambs were referred to the University of Tehran Veterinary Hospital. The farmer complained of 20% mortality rate (42 heads) in 4-17 day old lambs of his flock that they were exclusively breastfed. In observation and clinical examination, recumbency, depression, weakness, 40 ° C temperature ,abomasal dilation with fluid, tachypnea, tachycardia and hyperemia of the mucosa were recorded. After clinical examination, the lambs were examined by hematology and then necropsied under sterile conditions. In hematologic examination, normocytic-normochromic anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, left shift, the presence of schistocytes, keratocytes, myelocytes and metamyelocytes were observed. In necropsy, there were abomasal petechiae hemorrhages, coffee grain-like blood masses in the contents of the abomasum and pale kidneys. The direct gram smear from the abomasum had a large number of positive gram rods. All organs were subjected to aerobic and anaerobic bacterial cultures. Clostridium perfringens type A and non-pathogenic E coli were isolated from the abomasum and intestine of patients. The highest antibiotic susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens A isolate was to ceftiofur and ceftriaxone antibiotics. This study showed that Clostridium perfringens A may be involved in the pathogenesis of abomasitis in lambs. . . . . . .

This study was conducted to investigate the hematological and biochemical changes caused of Eimeria ahsata during to 42 days of post-infaction. Twelve Lori-Bakhtiari lambs were provided and randomly divided into the Two groups after confirmation of their healthy. The animals in the experiment group were orally infected with 1× 10 5 sporulated oocysts Eimeria ahsata. From day 7 post-infection, the faeces were sampled separately on a daily basis and the number of oocysts per gram of faeces (OPG) were counted by McMaster method and were recorded for each lamb. The blood sampling recording was done on days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 post-infection. The blood samples containing EDTA were examined for hematological and sample without EDTA, after centrifugation and isolation of serum, were examined for analysis of the biochemical parameters. The serum levels of ALB (Albumin), ALP (alkalin phosphatase), ALT (alamin aminotransferase), AST (aspartate aminotransferase), GGT (gamma glutamyltransferase), PRO (protein total) and CBC (Cell Blood Counter) were measured. the highest rate of oocyst excretion was observed in 32-33 days after infection. The CBC findings indicated that the mean number of lymphocytes and neutrophils were increased in the infected group compared to the control group on day 28 post-infection and The activity of ALB, ALP, ALT, AST, GGT enzymes as well as PRO showed no significant different between two groups Based on the results of the present study. Amongst the hematological, biochemical factors and OPG and CBC only showed significant difference between the control and the infected groups.

The defects of the central nervous system caused by viruses are associated with tissue changes in certain areas of this system.

We conducted the current work to determine and categorize the pathologic pattern of central nervous system lesions in stillbirths and newborns small ruminants with neurological symptoms in Semnan province.

Primarily, we selected the affected animals and carried out systematic post mortem examination of lambs and kids. Subsequently, brain and spinal cords were completely removed. Processing, sectioning, and staining from different regions of the central nervous system was performed and 15 different regions of the brain and 10 different levels of the spinal cord were prepared. Subsequently, the histopathological study was performed and the observed lesions were arranged.

This study was performed on 20 lambs and kids with nonsuppurative inflammatory lesions in the brain and spinal cord. In the gross examination of the brain and spinal cord, we observed 4 cases of arthrogryposis, 1 case of spinal cord hypoplasia, 2 cases of hydranencephaly, 2 cases of porencephaly, and 1 case of cerebellar hypoplasia. According to the presence of nonsuppurative inflammation in the brain and spinal cord, 20 positive cases were categorized into 4 groups. In the first 3 groups, the main lesion was nonsuppurative encephalomyelitis and the main lesion of the fourth group was nonsuppurative encephalitis. Accordingly, 6 cases in the first group had extensive and inclusive nonsuppurative inflammation in over 75%  of the brain and spinal cord sections; in the second group, five cases had multiple scattered nonsuppurative inflammation in 50% - 75% of the brain and spinal cord sections; in the third group, five cases had non-inclusive and focal nonsuppurative inflammation in less than 50% of the brain and spinal cord sections, and in the fourth group, 4 cases had nonsuppurative inflammation in the brain without lesion in the spinal cord.

It seemed as though in each of the four pathological patterns, certain viral agents were responsible for the pathological changes.

Transfer of immunoglobulin from mother to baby through placenta or colostrum is called passive transfer (PT). The ruminant placenta is a syndesmochorial type and is a barrier against the transfer of maternal immunoglobulins from the blood to the infant. Therefore, in ruminants, the inability to transmit colostrum immunoglobulins is called Failure of Passive Transfer (FPT). This study aimed to determine the percentage of FPT in lambs and kids in Garmsar County and the effect of factors such as race, gender, mother's age, mother's parturition and type of livestock (lamb or kid) on FPT. This study was performed on 101 healthy 2-4 day-old lamb and kid in 10 herds of sheep and goats in Garmsar County. After examination, confirmation of clinical health, sex, age, race, birthday time, number of mothers, parturition, maternal age and newborn weight, 3 ml of sterile blood was obtained from the jugular vein. These samples were immediately referred to the lab in without anticoagulant tube and adjacent to the ice. The biuret method and Zn-sulfate turbidity test were determined on the level of total protein and immunoglobulin G serum. The results of this study revealed 50/50% occurrence of FPT in the lambs and kids understudy, the relationship between race and sex with the incidence of FPT, and the lack of relation between maternal age, mother's parturition and type of livestock with the incidence of FPT.

Abomasal hypomotility plays an important role in pathogenesis of some abomasal disorders such as abomasal bloat which has the same serious side effects associated with using synthetic drugs for its treatment, such as diarrhea and antibiotic resistance. To decreasing these side effects, administration of herbal medicine is a good way.

To determine the effect of oral administration of turmeric aqueous extract on rate of abomasal emptying rate in neonatal lambs.

This study was conducted on twelve five-day-old Sangsari-female-lambs (average weight 3 kg). All lambs received five oral treatments, including saline (30 ml), erythromycin (400 mg), turmeric 200 mg/kg, turmeric 250 mg/kg, and turmeric 300 mg/kg, respectively. At 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 240 minutes after each treatment, plasma samples of lambs were taken. The rate of abomasal emptying was determined with acetaminophen absorption test.

Treatment with erythromycin and three different doses of aqueous extract of turmeric (200, 250, 300 mg/kg) increased the rate of abomasal emptying in comparison to the negative control treatment, significantly (P<0.05). The stimulatory effect of erythromycin on abomasal emptying was higher than aquatic extract of turmeric, significantly (P<0.05). No clinical side effects were observed following the administration of erythromycin and turmeric in lambs.

This study showed that aqueous extract of turmeric has a stimulatory effect on lamb's abomasal emptying but more studies are needed on the effect of this plant’s components on abomasal emptying.

Selenium play a crucial role in the formation of selenoprotein, hormones and intrinsic factors. The stearoyl-CoA desaturase enzyme (SCD) is present in many tissues of the body and its activity leads to the formation of a single-stranded fatty acid from saturated fatty acids. Present study was carried out on fat tail weaning male lambs to evaluate the effect of oral selenium nanoparticles administration on transcription rate of stearoyl-CoA desaturase enzyme. For this purpose, 14 male lambs were selected at weaning time and divided into three groups: treatment 1 (5 heads), treatment 2 (5 heads) and control (4 heads). Selenium nanoparticles were administered for 20 consecutive days at a dose of 0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg B.W. to treatment groups 1 and 2, respectively and distilled water to the control ones. Tail fat tissue samples were collected at days 0, 20 and 30 via core biopsy needle gauge 14. Transcription rate of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) enzyme gene was performed by RT-PCR method and data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA test at the level of p

Pica is one of the disorders that has high potential for inducing various damages such as poisoning, digestive accumulation, botulism, weakening of the immune system, weight loss, etc. in ruminants farms and for years, the researcher has encountered this problem in lambs. The present study was conducted to compare the effect of Microvit supplementation and Ferrodrop oral drops on the primary parameters of homogram and serum minerals in 20-days-old healthy and with Pica lams. This clinical trial was performed on 10-headed 20-days-old lambs mixed-breed without Pica and 10-headed 20-day-old lambs mixed-breed with Pica. Both groups received 2 types of oral therapy including Microvit supplementation (7 days, 0/5 g / l of consuming water) and oral furuderap drops (4 days, 300 mg/day in consuming milk). Before starting treatment and after each treatment, blood and serum samples were taken from lambs and sent to the laboratory for determination of CBC and serum mineral elements. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software using repeated measures ANOVA at 95% confidence level. In patients with Pica blood Hb, MCV and MCHC and serum iron was less than nonpatients (p0/05), and Pica was not treated in patients (p>0/05). Treatment with furuderap increased the blood Hb, MCV and MCHC and serum iron levels, significantly and Pica was treated in patients (p