The effect of amount and time of Nitrogen use on the percentage of grain protein and efficiency use of Nitrogen of the Pishtaz cultivar wheat in Saveh region

An experiment was conducted to apprise the effects of nitrogen supply on grain protein percentage and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat (Triticum aestivium. cv. Pishtaz) in the Educational-Research Agriculture of the Islamic Azad University (IAU), Saveh Branch. A randomized complete block design was used with three replications. Treatments included five levels of Nitrogen fertilizers (N1: 0; N2: 40; N3: 80; N4: 120; N5: 160 N kg-1) and four split applications of Nitrogen fertilizer (T1: Use fertilizer completely in the cultivation phase, T2: One third in the cultivation phase + two third in the tillering phase, T3: one third in the cultivation phase + two third in the elongation phase, T4: One third in the cultivation + one third in the tillering phase + one third in the elongation phase). The results demonstrate the higher nitrogen application positively associated with the higher grain yield, grain protein percentage, and grain protein yield of wheat. On the other hand, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), nitrogen agronomic efficiency (NAE), and nitrogen physiologic efficiency (NPE) were adversely connected to the increase of the level of N application. In addition, the highest protein percentage observed in T2N5 treatment of 12.45 per cent. The time of the nitrogen utilization was significantly affected grain yield, protein percentage, and nitrogen agronomic efficiency.