The Effect of Fisetin on the Colorectal Cancer: a Review

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a virulent tumor rising in the interior wall of the large bowel. CRC is the third deadliest cancer globally and is the 4th common in Iran. Fisetin is a flavone which is present in some fruits and vegetables and is suggested to have beneficial effects on human cancer cells. In the present study, we summarized the potential mechanisms of the effect of fisetin on CRC. Electronic literature searches were conducted on Medline, Web of science and Google Scholar until March 2020. Our search was supplemented with the search of publisher databases like Elsevier and Springer. The search was conducted with “Fisetin” in combination with the following keywords: Colorectal Neoplasms, Colon, Rectum, Apoptosis, Inflammation and “Precancerous Lesions” among human, animal and in-vitro studies. 14 articles during 2005 and 2018 assessed the effect of fisetin on CRC. One was RCT, 3 of them were animal studies and 10 papers were performed on cell culture. Our Findings, suggested that fisetin may have positive effects on cancer cells due to its anti-inflammatory, apoptotic, anti-oxidative and cell cycle modifying properties. According to the literature, it seems that fisetin induces cell cycle arrest and suppresses cellular growth by modulating through some signaling pathways like inhibition of CDKs and fisetin decreases protein levels of cell division cycles like CDC 2 and CDC25C. Fisetin may also induce cell apoptosis cascades such as activation of caspase 3, 7 and cleavage of procaspase 3 and inhibition of caspase 8. Fisetin also may have anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting PGE2 production and expression of COX2. Additionally, it may have some anti-oxidant effects by reducing some tumor markers and enhancement levels of some anti-oxidants agents.