PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF TWO TYPES OF EXERCISE WITH ASTAXANTHIN SUPPLEMENTATION ON APOPTOSIS OF CARDIAC TISSUE IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC RATS: INTERVENTIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

The chronic complications of diabetes are wide-ranging and affect almost all tissues of the body. Cardiac apoptosis is one of the most important cardiac complications of diabetics. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic and interval training with astaxanthin supplement on cardiac tissue apoptosis in type 2 diabetic rats.

In this study, 35 Wistar male rats with a mean weight of 197.46 ± 15.55 g were used. Male rats were randomly divided into 7 groups after induction of diabetes, including diabetic control, diabetes sham, diabetes + aerobic exercise + supplement. Diabetes + Interval + Supplement, Diabetes + Interval, Diabetes + Aerobic, Diabetes + Supplement. Nicotine amide and streptozotocin injections were used to induce type 2 diabetes. Interval exercises for 8 weeks with 5 sessions per week with an intensity of 80% vo2max and aerobic exercises with an intensity of about 65 to 75% Vo2max were performed by running on the treadmill. The expression of bax and bcl2 genes was performed with Real-time-PCR technique and data analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance.

Bcl2 and Bax gene expression in both supplemental aerobic and supplemental interval groups were significantly different from the control group (p <0.05). In addition, a significant difference was observed in Bcl2 and Bax gene expression in the aerobic+supplement group compared to the supplement group (p <0.05). However, no significant difference in bcl2 and Bax gene expression was observed in the interval+Supplement group compared with the supplement group (p <0.05).

Combining both exercise interventions with supplement, especially the combination of supplemental aerobic exercise with the double expression of bcl2 anti-apoptotic index and decreased bax apoptotic index can be used as a treatment to prevent the upward trend of apoptosis in the cardiac tissue of diabetic rats.