A Phenotypic and Genotypic Study of Colistin arn Resistance Regulator Gene Classes in Acinetobacter Baumannii isolated from Clinical Cases using Multiplex PCR
Colistin is considered as the last line of treatment in nosocomial infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii. Nowadays, with the elucidation of resistance transition mechanisms through arn genes, a new drug resistance pattern has been observed in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic roles of the genes for regulating resistance to Colistin (arn) in strains isolated from clinical cases.
To conduct this descriptive study, after obtaining the written consent, 400 clinical samples were collected from patients admitted to Hazrat-e-Rasoul Hospital in Tehran. After the identification of the isolates using biochemical methods and 16srDNA analysis, the antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates was determined by disk diffusion and molecular methods (to detect arnT, arnB genes).
Sixty Acinetobacter baumannii strains were isolated from 400 samples. The results of antibiotic resistance analysis showed that, in most cases, more than 38% of blood samples had Acinetobacter species. Also, no Acinetobacter was found in any of the spinal cord specimens, which showed the lowest infection rate (p <0.05). There was also a significant difference between the antibiotic susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates to Colistin and other antibiotics (p <0.05). In addition, Colistin resistant strains had arnB and arnT genes, which were considered statistically significant (p <0.05) compared to other strains.
Discussion and conclusion
Since Colistin is used as the last line of treatment, increased resistance to it can lead to increased mortality and hospital costs. Therefore, the application of new therapeutic regimens and greater sensitivity to the timely diagnosis and control of nosocomial infections seems necessary.
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