Representations of Alienation in Abdul Razzaq Al-Rubaye’ Poetry

Religious and tribal wars and conflicts as well as sanctions, and consequently starvation, are factors in contemporary Iraq that have led large numbers of people to migrate and flee from their homeland. This made Iraqis felt angry, anxious, and afraid of losing their identity in exile. These humanities materials became the raw material of sociologists, philosophers, poets, and writers for the purpose of doing research on the immigrants’ personality. The emergence of alienation in contemporary poets' poetry has been the result of abnormal political theories in the last few decades, because the term "alienation" has had a profound effect on poets. The escape from the homeland, the sensation of life's absurdity, makes one feel isolated and alienated, and all these principles are defined in the framework of alienation. Abdul Razzaq al-Rubaye, a 1980s poet who spent his life in Iraq during the war and sanctions, found many prominent literary figures in the prisons of the Ba'ath Party. He was a poet who observed in Iraqi history a prominent civilization and culture, seeing his homeland’s cultural, economic, and social beliefs in crisis. This made him appear in his life and poetry, even before leaving the country, bringing his home opaque and bringing nostalgia to his homeland and past. Using a descriptive-analytic approach, the present research attempts to observe the signs of alienation in Abdul Razzaq Al-Rubaye’ poetry and examine related theories, including social, mental, sedentary, altruistic, temporal, and spatial ones, as well as their negative consequences.