Historical Recognition of the Meaning and Scope of the Term Iraq-i- Ajam (Up to the end of Ilkhanids Period)

Iraq-i- Ajam was one of Geographical-Historical areas once considered as one of the most important states of Iran throughout its history. It has always been the interests of many rulers to identify the boundaries of the realm of their domination, geographers, and other scholars in terms of geographically determining the boundaries of scientific centers and enumerating important cities. On the other hand, the Iranian rulers dominated the cities, settlements, military centers and roads of these strategic area, which could, in addition to maintaining the security of their western borders - by creating impenetrable platforms - adjacent to the capital of the western dynasties of Iran, using geographical conditions. So It should be noted that Iraq-i-Ajam had a special position in the economy of regional governments and trade. In the present study, with a special reference to the historical context and methodology, Iraq-i-Ajam based on geographical and historical sources in different periods, is discussed by using historical geography approach. We will deal with lexicography and its meaning in literary and historical texts, then examine the boundaries of the province of Jabal and its transformation to Iraq -i- Ajam in later geographical sources. Finally we will survey the changes of its boundaries throughout history and separation Kurdistan from it.