Investigating and Analyzing the Legal and Executive Challenges of Industrial and Hazardous Wastes Management Laws in Iran and Provide Solution

Due to the significant growth and development of industries in Iran, including mines, oil and gas, and agriculture, in proportion to increasing production, the country is now faced with a large volume of industrial, mineral, and hazardous waste. The improper management of hazardous wastes affects the basic resources of the environment, water, soil, and air, and cause environmental pollution. The present research will be addressed the legal challenges of implementing waste management regulations in Iran, detected the problems with the existing regulations, examine the opportunities and threats, and identified the legal gaps and It’s weaknesses in order to propose the required amendments to the Waste Management Act, its bylaw, and other legal and managerial actions. In this research, current status of waste management in the country was first identified, evaluated, and analyzed.A supplementary the supplementary survey was then completed by experts and managers, the data were normalized, and the QSPM model was adopted to identify the superior strategies and approaches according to a SWOT analysis. The results demonstrated that the most important waste management problems included the incomplete implementation of the duties entrusted by the Act to most of the responsible organizations and institutions; the managers’ low level of knowledge, awareness, and competence in making the necessary decisions; legal gaps and the lack of legal enforcement guarantees; the low levels of punishment and penalties provisioned in the Act against the offenders; and failing to exploit the private sector’s investment capacity for waste organization and management.