A Longitudinal Research about Women Situation in University in a Three Decades Period, 1991 to 2021

During the last decades, measurable improvements have occurred in women conditions in Iran. Some of the areas of improvements are: Women’s life expectancy and literacy rate, acceptance at universities, and rise of gender-adjusted index of human development. However, their representation in university management and leadership has not caught up proportionately and has been constantly very low.
 
A longitudinal study has been conducted in three large universities in Iran: Tehran, Shahid Beheshti, and Allameh Tabataba’i Universities. The findings of this cross-sectional research, in 1991, 2001, 2011, and 2021 reveal that during the past three decades, this deficiency has been a continuous trend in our universities. This means that women presence in managerial and leading positions is very low.
 
The article ends up with some suggestions in order to improve women situation in Iran universities.