Somaclonal diversity in Caspian honey locust (Gleditsia caspica Desf.) regenerated plants using genomic microsatellite markers (ISSR-PCR)

Somaclonal diversity is a genetical test that can be used to study the genetic variation and genetic stability of a propagated plant relative to the mother plant. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic stability of Caspian honey locust (Gleditsia caspica Desf.) regenerated plants under the influence of BAP growth regulator and CPZ growth inhibitor. For this purpose, native and regenerated plants genotypes were compared in culture media containing growth regulator BAP (20 μmol) and CPZ (0.3, 3 and 15 μmol) used by molecular marker of ISSR. The highest percentage of shoot proliferation and number of shoots was observed in 20 μmol BAP treatment. The presence of CPZ in the culture medium greatly reduced the shoot proliferation percentage and with increasing CPZ concentration, the decreasing trend of the studied characteristics increased. The results showed that the use of 10 ISSR molecular markers produced a total of 107 DNA bands that had 87.9% polymorphism. Cluster analysis dendrogram based on Jaccard similarity matrix by UPGMA method showed that the studied genotypes were divided into two groups with similarity coefficient of 0.27. It seems that the presence of CPZ, despite the growth inhibitory effect on the plant, will increase diversity and reduce the genetic affinity between the regenerated plants and the mother plant.