A Study of Ferdowsi Shahnameh Letters from a Stylistic Perspective Relying on Pillars, Communication Levels and Types of Letters

Letter is one of the means of communication between human beings that has been used for a long time. Letters in Persian sources are worth studying and researching in different ways. In Ferdowsi"s Shahnameh, which in fact is the history of the pre-Islamic Iranian people in the form of heartwarming stories, the letter has played an effective role. In this article, the style of letters in this work is examined by relying on the elements, communication levels and types of letters. Been paid.

This article is based on library studies and has been done in a descriptive-analytical manner.

In none of the Persian fiction and epic poems, the number and role of letters are comparable to Ferdowsi"s Shahnameh. In this epic work, we are faced with different types of letters, in the structure of most of which we can find five pillars: 1- Praise of God 2- Mentioning the sender and addressee of the letter and his praise 3- Proportion appropriate to the main pillar of the letter 4- Main pillar of the letter 5- Concluding Letter Observed that the letters in it have special and different stylistic features according to the types and elements of the letter.

In Shahnameh letters, there is a perfect harmony between the content of the letters and the words and phrases used in the letters. In letters that contain anger and violence (such as threats and insurance policies), words and phrases are harsh, and conversely in friendly letters (such as peace letters), gentle words and phrases are used. The number of known sentences is much more than unknown sentences and the news aspect has the highest frequency among the aspects of verbs. In Shahnameh letters, the frequency of arrays such as exaggeration, simile, metaphor and irony are scattered in different parts of the letters, respectively. Also, various thoughts and themes have been included in the letters, among which, the beginning letters with the remembrance of God, mentioning the attributes of God, especially emphasizing the two attributes of creation and God, praising the addressee, admonition, invitation to justice, boasting, etc. They have a higher frequency order.