Re-understanding The Tehran’s Main Squares in Qajar Era

The non-responsive change of public places’ environmental qualities is one of the main problems of Iranian cities. Urban squares in Iranian cities were known as people friendly & beautified spaces which shaped through their place factors such as form and functions. Their environmental qualities including sociability, attractiveness, walkability, robustness and security were patronized through various place dimensions. The urbanism literature shows that insipid of contradiction between qualities & quantities of public spaces elements & settings in modern era in global level, it come to a responsive & optimized situation in post-modern & post- post modern era. Indeed, during a transformation period this contradiction have been solved out. But, this type of transformation has not generally occurred in the Iranian cities contexts, regarding this situation two type of questions can be addressed. 1- Why Iranian urban planners, designers & architects, as well as intellectual society have mainly have the nostalgia of past public places development traditions? 2- In specific, what was the environmental characteristics of public squares of Tehran, the capital city of Iran, in Qajar ear, in which their environmental or design qualities have been admired by some researchers and authors. Therefor, this research was aimed to explore two aspects of public squares in the case of Quarried Tehran area. Firstly, to explore to main squares of Qajar period Tehran. Secondly, to explores the main environmental qualities of these public spaces through place dimensions. The findings of this field and case study shows dramatics changes of environmental attribute in public squares of Qajar district of Tehran during about one century. The existing environmental attribute are against past characteristics, resulting non-responsive places specially regarding to people friendly norms.